Real-time phase detection of frequency band

• US 10,095,837 B2
• Filed: 11/18/2015
• Issued: 10/09/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 11/21/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Original Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Inventors: Corey, Robert A., Loxtercamp, Gregory J., Orser, Heather Diane, Stanslaski, Scott R., Jackson, Jadin C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Lebentritt, Michael
• Application Number:
  US14/945,139
• Publication Number:
  US 20160147964A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,056 Days
• Field of Search: None
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/316 Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/374 Detecting the frequency distribution of signals, e.g. detecting delta, theta, alpha, beta or gamma waves
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4088 Diagnosing of monitoring cognitive diseases, e.g. Alzheimer, prion diseases or dementia
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4094 Diagnosing or monitoring seizure diseases, e.g. epilepsy
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4836 Diagnosis combined with treatment in closed-loop systems or methods A61B5/0036 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4839 combined with drug delivery
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/686 Permanently implanted devices, e.g. pacemakers, other stimulators, biochips A61B5/6861 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7246 using correlation, e.g. template matching or determination of similarity
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7257 using Fourier transforms
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36135 using physiological parameters
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36167 Timing, e.g. stimulation onset
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 40/63 for local operation

Abstract

Techniques are described for real-time phase detection. For the phase detection, a signal is correlated with a frequency component of a frequency band whose phase is being detected, and the correlation includes predominantly decreasing weighting of past portions of the signals.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

receiving, with a processor of a medical device, a first signal generated from a second signal;

correlating, with the processor of the medical device, the first signal with a frequency component of a frequency band of the second signal, wherein correlating includes predominantly decreasing weighting of past portions of the first signal, and wherein predominantly decreasing weighting of past portions of the first signal comprises predominantly weighting present and more recent portions of the first signal more heavily than earlier portions of the first signal, and wherein the frequency band includes one or more frequency components;

determining, with the processor of the medical device, a phase of the frequency component based on a filtered signal outputted from the correlation;

determining, with the processor of the medical device, a phase of the frequency band based on the determined phase of the frequency component;

instructing, with the processor of the medical device, a therapy module to deliver therapy based on the determined phase of the frequency band; and

delivering, with the therapy module, the therapy in response to the instruction to deliver the therapy.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first signal is one of:

the second signal pre-filtered to generate the first signal;

or

the same as the second signal.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

determining a frequency weighting for the frequency component based on the filtered signal,

wherein determining the phase of the frequency band comprises determining the phase of the frequency band based on the determined phase of the frequency component and the frequency weighting for the frequency component.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the phase of the frequency band comprises:

adding or subtracting a phase delay caused from generating the first signal from the second signal to the determined phase of the frequency component; and

determining the phase of the frequency band based on the result of the adding or subtracting.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein correlating the first signal with the frequency component of the frequency band of the second signal comprises:

correlating the first signal with one or more waveforms of a periodic basis set, wherein the frequency of the waveforms of the periodic basis set is the frequency component.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the waveforms of the periodic basis set include a sine wave and a cosine wave.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein correlating the first signal with the frequency component of the frequency band of the second signal comprises:

Fourier transforming the first signal with an exponentially decreasing weighting of past portions of the first signal.

8. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

determining a phase of the filtered signal, wherein the phase of the filtered signal includes the phase of the frequency component and a phase error;

determining the phase error;

subtracting the determined phase error from the phase of the filtered signal to determine an initial estimate phase of the frequency component,

wherein determining the phase of the frequency component comprises determining the phase of the frequency component based on the initial estimate phase of the frequency component.

9. The method of claim 8, further comprising:

applying at least one of a notch filter or a correction term to the initial estimate phase of the frequency component,

wherein determining the phase of the frequency component based on the initial estimate comprises determining the phase of the frequency component based on the application of at least one of the notch filter or the correction term to the initial estimate phase of the frequency component.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein determining the phase error comprises:

correlating the first signal with the filtered signal; and

determining a phase based on the result of the correlation of the first signal with the filtered signal,

wherein the phase error comprises the phase that is determined based on the result of the correlation of the first signal with the filtered signal.

11. The method of claim 10, further comprising:

filtering a signal resulting from the correlation to generate a filtered correlated signal,

wherein determining the phase based on the result of the correlation of the first signal with the filtered signal comprises determining the phase of the filtered correlated signal.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the frequency component comprises a first frequency component of the frequency band, and a phase of the frequency component comprises a phase of the first frequency component, the method further comprising:

correlating the first signal with a second frequency component of the frequency band of the second signal, wherein correlating includes predominantly decreasing weighting of past portions of the first signal; and

determining a phase of the second frequency component based on a filtered signal from the correlation of the first signal with the second frequency component,

wherein determining the phase of the frequency band comprises determining the phase of the frequency band based on the determined phase of the first frequency component and the determined phase of the second frequency component.

13. The method of claim 12, further comprising:

determining a first frequency weighting for the first frequency component; and

determining a second frequency weighting for the second frequency component,

wherein determining the phase of the frequency band comprises determining the phase of the frequency band based on the determined phase of the first frequency component, the first frequency weighting for the first frequency component, the determined phase of the second frequency component, and the second frequency weighting for the second frequency component.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising:

adding or subtracting a first phase delay to the phase of the first frequency component to generate a first delay accounted phase of the first frequency component; and

adding or subtracting a second phase delay to the phase of the second frequency component to generate a second delay accounted phase of the second frequency component,

wherein determining the phase of the frequency band comprises determining the phase of the frequency band based on the first delay accounted phase of the first frequency component, the first frequency weighting for the first frequency component, the second delay accounted phase of the second frequency component, and the second frequency weighting for the second frequency component.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the phase of the frequency component comprises determining the phase of the frequency component in real-time, and wherein determining the phase of the frequency band comprises determining the phase of the frequency band in real-time.

16. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the phase of the frequency component comprises determining the phase of the frequency component without utilizing any portion of the second signal that follows in time from the point of the second signal at which the phase of the frequency component is determined, and wherein determining the phase of the frequency band comprises determining the phase of the frequency band without utilizing any portion of the second signal that follows in time from the point of the second signal at which the phase of the frequency band is determined.

17. A medical device comprising:

frequency band phase detector comprising;

a frequency component phase detector configured to;

receive a first signal generated from a second signal;

correlate the first signal with a frequency component of a frequency band of the second signal, wherein to correlate, the frequency component phase detector is configured to predominantly decrease weighting of past portions of the first signal, wherein predominantly decreasing weighting of past portions of the first signal comprises predominantly weighting present and more recent portions of the first signal more heavily than earlier portions of the first signal, and

wherein the frequency band includes one or more frequency components; and

determine a phase of the frequency component based on a filtered signal outputted from the correlation; and

an averager configured to determine a phase of the frequency band based on the determined phase of the frequency component; and

a therapy module configured to deliver therapy based on the determined phase of the frequency band.

18. The medical device of claim 17, wherein the first signal is one of:

the second signal pre-filtered to generate the first signal;

or

the same as the second signal.

19. The medical device of claim 17, wherein the frequency band phase detector is configured to:

determine a frequency weighting for the frequency component based on the filtered signal,

wherein to determine the phase of the frequency band, the averager is configured to determine the phase of the frequency band based on the determined phase of the frequency component and the frequency weighting for the frequency component.

20. The medical device of claim 17, wherein at least one of the frequency component phase detector or the averager is configured to add or subtract a phase delay caused from generating the first signal from the second signal to the determined phase of the frequency component, and wherein the averager is configured to determine the phase of the frequency band based on the result of the adding or subtracting.

21. The medical device of claim 17, wherein to correlate the first signal with the frequency component of the frequency band of the second signal which includes predominantly decreasing weighting of past portions of the first signal, the frequency component phase detector is configured to:

correlate the first signal with one or more waveforms of a periodic basis set, wherein the frequency of the waveforms of the periodic basis set is the frequency component.

22. The medical device of claim 21, wherein the waveforms of the periodic basis set include a sine wave and a cosine wave.

23. The medical device of claim 17, wherein to correlate the first signal with the frequency component of the frequency band of the second signal which includes predominantly decreasing weighting of past portions of the first signal, the frequency component phase detector is configured to:

Fourier transform the first signal with an exponentially decreasing weighting of past portions of the first signal.

24. The medical device of claim 17, wherein the frequency component phase detector is configured to:

determine a phase of the filtered signal, wherein the phase of the filtered signal includes the phase of the frequency component and a phase error;

determine the phase error;

subtract the determined phase error from the phase of the filtered signal to determine an initial estimate phase of the frequency component,

wherein to determine the phase of the frequency component, the frequency component phase detector is configured to determine the phase of the frequency component based on the initial estimate phase of the frequency component.

25. The medical device of claim 24, wherein the frequency component phase detector is configured to apply at least one of a notch filter or a correction term to the initial estimate phase of the frequency component, and wherein to determine the phase of the frequency component based on the initial estimate, the frequency component phase detector is configured to determine the phase of the frequency component based on the application of at least one of the notch filter or the correction term to the initial estimate phase of the frequency component.

26. The medical device of claim 24, wherein to determine the phase error, the frequency component phase detector is configured to:

correlate the first signal with the filtered signal; and

determine a phase based on the result of the correlation of the first signal with the filtered signal,

wherein the phase error comprises the phase that is determined based on the result of the correlation of the first signal with the filtered signal.

27. The medical device of claim 26, wherein the frequency component phase detector is configured to filter a signal resulting from the correlation to generate a filtered correlated signal, and wherein to determine the phase based on the result of the correlation of the first signal with the filtered signal, the frequency component phase detector is configured to determine the phase of the filtered correlated signal.

28. The medical device of claim 17, wherein the frequency component comprises a first frequency component, the frequency component phase detector comprises a first frequency component phase detector, and a phase of the frequency component comprises a phase of the first frequency component, and wherein the frequency band phase detector further comprises:

a second frequency component phase detector configured to;

correlate the first signal with a second frequency component of the frequency band of the second signal, wherein to correlate the first signal the second frequency component phase detector is configured to predominantly decrease weighting of past portions of the first signal; and

determine a phase of the second frequency component based on a filtered signal from the correlation of the first signal with the second frequency component,

wherein the averager is configured to determine the phase of the frequency band based on the determined phase of the first frequency component and the determined phase of the second frequency component.

29. The medical device of claim 28,

wherein the first frequency component phase detector is configured to determine a first weighting for the first frequency component,

wherein the second frequency component phase detector is configured to determine a second weighting for the second frequency component, and

wherein the averager is configured to determine the phase of the frequency band based on the determined phase of the first frequency component, the first frequency weighting for the first frequency component, the determined phase of the second frequency component, and the second frequency weighting for the second frequency component.

30. The medical device of claim 29,

wherein at least one of the first frequency component phase detector or the averager is configured to add or subtract a first phase delay to the phase of the first frequency component to generate a first delay accounted phase of the first frequency component;

and

wherein at least one of the second frequency component phase detector or the averager is configured to add or subtract a second phase delay to the phase of the second frequency component to generate a second delay accounted phase of the second frequency component, and

wherein the averager is configured to determine the phase of the frequency band based on the first delay accounted phase of the first frequency component, the first frequency weighting for the first frequency component, the second delay accounted phase of the second frequency component, and the second frequency weighting for the second frequency component.

31. The medical device of claim 17, wherein the frequency component phase detector is configured to determine the phase of the frequency component in real-time, and wherein the averager is configured to determine the phase of the frequency band in real-time.

32. The medical device of claim 17, wherein to determine the phase of the frequency component, the frequency component phase detector determines the phase of the frequency component without utilizing any portion of the second signal that follows in time from the point of the second signal at which the phase of the frequency component is determined.

33. A medical device comprising:

means for receiving a first signal generated from a second signal;

means for correlating the first signal with a frequency component of a frequency band of the second signal, wherein correlating includes predominantly decreasing weighting of past portions of the first signal, and wherein predominantly decreasing weighting of past portions of the first signal comprises predominantly weighting present and more recent portions of the first signal more heavily than earlier portions of the first signal, and wherein the frequency band includes one or more frequency components;

means for determining a phase of the frequency component based on a filtered signal outputted from the correlation;

means for determining a phase of the frequency band based on the determined phase of the frequency component; and

means for delivering therapy based on the determined phase of the frequency band.

34. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions that when executed cause one or more processors of a medical device to:

receive a first signal generated from a second signal;

correlate the first signal with a frequency component of a frequency band of the second signal, wherein correlating includes predominantly decreasing weighting of past portions of the first signal, and wherein predominantly decreasing weighting of past portions of the first signal comprises predominantly weighting present and more recent portions of the first signal more heavily than earlier portions of the first signal, and wherein the frequency band includes one or more frequency components;

determine a phase of the frequency component based on a filtered signal outputted from the correlation;

determine a phase of the frequency band based on the determined phase of the frequency component; and

instruct a therapy module to deliver therapy based on the determined phase of the frequency band,

wherein the therapy module is configured to deliver the therapy in response to the instruction to deliver the therapy.