Charging transmission line under roadway for moving electric vehicle

• US 10,131,238 B2
• Filed: 02/26/2016
• Issued: 11/20/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 11/13/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: NIO Technology Company Limited (Shanghai Anbin Technology Co., Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: Nio Usa Inc.
• Inventors: Ricci, Christopher P.
• Primary Examiner(s): Tat, Binh
• Application Number:
  US15/055,345
• Publication Number:
  US 20170136908A1
• Time in Patent Office: 998 Days
• Field of Search: 320106-115
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 5/42 for collecting current from individual contact pieces connected to the power supply line
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/126 Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/32 by charging in short intervals along the itinerary, e.g. during short stops
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/39 with position-responsive activation of primary coils
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/65 involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/14 Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Abstract

A system includes charging segments positioned throughout a transportation network, the charging segments charging rechargeable electric vehicles. Each charging segment includes a primary coil to charge a selected rechargeable electric vehicle; a power inverter to convert alternating electrical current from a power grid to direct electrical current to pass through the primary coil; a switch to activate and deactivate the ability of the primary coil to charge the selected rechargeable electric vehicle; a transceiver to transmit signals to and receive signals from the selected rechargeable electric vehicle in spatial proximity to the charging segment; and a controller to control the switch in response to signals received from the transceiver. The controller determines whether an oncoming vehicle is a rechargeable electric vehicle, enables the switch to activate the primary coil when the oncoming vehicle is a rechargeable electric vehicle, and disables the switch to deactivate the primary coil when the oncoming vehicle is not a rechargeable electric vehicle.

Claims

1. A system, comprising:

a plurality of charging segments positioned throughout a transportation network, wherein the plurality of charging segments charge a plurality of rechargeable electric vehicles while the plurality of rechargeable electric vehicles are in motion, each charging segment comprising;

a primary coil embedded in a roadway of the transportation network to charge a selected rechargeable electric vehicle while the selected rechargeable electric vehicle is in motion on the roadway;

a power inverter, in electrical communication with the primary coil, to convert direct current electrical energy from a power grid to alternating current electrical energy to pass the alternating current electrical energy through the primary coil;

a switch, in electrical communication with the primary coil, to activate and deactivate the ability of the primary coil to charge the selected rechargeable electric vehicle;

a transceiver to transmit signals to and receive signals from the selected rechargeable electric vehicle in spatial proximity to the charging segment; and

a controller to control the switch in response to signals received from the transceiver, the controller determining whether an oncoming vehicle is a rechargeable electric vehicle;

enabling the switch to activate the primary coil when the oncoming vehicle is a rechargeable electric vehicle; and

disabling the switch to deactivate the primary coil when the oncoming vehicle is not a rechargeable electric vehicle.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein, when the oncoming vehicle is a rechargeable electric vehicle, the controller further determines one or more of an associated type of rechargeable electric vehicle of the oncoming vehicle, a priority level of the oncoming vehicle, a make and/or model of the oncoming vehicle, a current charging requirement of the oncoming vehicle, a destination of the oncoming vehicle, a spatial location of the oncoming vehicle relative to a spatial position of the primary coil, an electronic calendar of the operator, a normal schedule for an operator of the vehicle, and a number of occupants of the oncoming vehicle;

applies one or more rules based on the one or more of an associated type of rechargeable electric vehicle of the oncoming vehicle, a priority level of the oncoming vehicle, a make and/or model of the oncoming vehicle, a current charging requirement of the oncoming vehicle, a destination of the oncoming vehicle, a spatial location of the oncoming vehicle relative to a spatial position of the primary coil, an electronic calendar of the operator, a normal schedule for the operator, and a number of occupants of the oncoming vehicle; and

, based on the rule, activates or deactivates the primary coil as the oncoming vehicle, while in motion on the roadway, passes over the primary coil.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the one or more of an associated type of rechargeable electric vehicle of the oncoming vehicle, a priority level of the oncoming vehicle, a make and/or model of the oncoming vehicle, a current charging requirement of the oncoming vehicle, a destination of the oncoming vehicle, a spatial location of the oncoming vehicle relative to a spatial position of the primary coil, an electronic calendar of the operator, a normal schedule for the operator, and a number of occupants of the oncoming vehicle is an associated type of rechargeable electric vehicle of the oncoming vehicle or a priority level of the oncoming vehicle and wherein the controller activates the primary coil when the type or priority level has a first set of values and deactivates the primary coil when the type or priority level does not have the first set of values.

4. The system of claim 2, wherein the one or more of an associated type of rechargeable electric vehicle of the oncoming vehicle, a priority level of the oncoming vehicle, a make and/or model of the oncoming vehicle, a current charging requirement of the oncoming vehicle, a destination of the oncoming vehicle, a spatial location of the oncoming vehicle relative to a spatial position of the primary coil, an electronic calendar of the operator, a normal schedule for the operator, and a number of occupants of the oncoming vehicle is a current charging requirement of the oncoming vehicle, a destination of the oncoming vehicle, and a number of occupants of the oncoming vehicle and wherein the controller activates the primary coil when the current charging requirement of the oncoming vehicle, destination of the oncoming vehicle, and number of occupants of the oncoming vehicle has a first set of values and deactivates the primary coil when the current charging requirement of the oncoming vehicle, destination of the oncoming vehicle, and number of occupants of the oncoming vehicle does not have the first set of values.

5. The system of claim 2, wherein the controller activates the primary coil when the oncoming vehicle passes a first predetermined position along the roadway charging the oncoming vehicle while the oncoming vehicle is in motion and deactivates the primary coil when the oncoming vehicle passes a second predetermined position along the roadway, wherein the one or more of an associated type of rechargeable electric vehicle of the oncoming vehicle, a priority level of the oncoming vehicle, a make and/or model of the oncoming vehicle, a current charging requirement of the oncoming vehicle, a destination of the oncoming vehicle, a spatial location of the oncoming vehicle relative to a spatial position of the primary coil, an electronic calendar of the operator, a normal schedule for the operator, and a number of occupants of the oncoming vehicle is the spatial location of the oncoming vehicle relative to a spatial position of the primary coil, and wherein the controller activates the primary coil when the spatial location of the oncoming vehicle relative to a spatial position of the primary coil has a first set of values and deactivates the primary coil when the spatial location of the oncoming vehicle relative to a spatial position of the primary coil does not have the first set of values.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein, when the oncoming vehicle is a rechargeable electric vehicle, the controller further determines whether the oncoming vehicle has reserved in advance a charge from the primary coil and, when the oncoming vehicle has a reservation, activates the primary coil as the oncoming vehicle passes over the primary coil to provide the reserved charge to the oncoming vehicle while the oncoming vehicle is in motion on the roadway and, when the oncoming vehicle has no reservation, does not activate the primary coil as the oncoming vehicle passes over the primary coil.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein a duration and/or magnitude of alternating current electrical energy passed through the primary coil for an oncoming vehicle depends on one or more of one or more of a make and/or model of the oncoming vehicle, a current charging requirement of the oncoming vehicle, and a number of occupants of the oncoming vehicle.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the transceiver emits a homing signal or an electrical current is passed through the primary coil to enable the oncoming vehicle to align with the primary coil.

9. A method in a system comprising a plurality of charging segments positioned throughout a transportation network, wherein the plurality of charging segments charge a plurality of rechargeable electric vehicles while the plurality of rechargeable electric vehicles are in motion, each charging segment comprising a primary coil embedded in a roadway of the transportation network to charge a selected rechargeable electric vehicle while the selected rechargeable electric vehicle is in motion on the roadway;

a power inverter to convert direct current electrical energy from a power grid to alternating current electrical energy to pass the alternating current electrical energy through the primary coil; and

a controller to activate and deactivate the primary coil to charge the selected rechargeable electric vehicle, the method comprising;

determining, by the controller, whether an oncoming vehicle on the roadway is a rechargeable electric vehicle;

activating, by the controller, the primary coil when the oncoming vehicle is a rechargeable electric vehicle, the activated primary coil charging the oncoming vehicle while the oncoming vehicle is in motion on the roadway; and

deactivating, by the controller, the primary coil when the oncoming vehicle on the roadway is not a rechargeable electric vehicle.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein, when the oncoming vehicle is a rechargeable electric vehicle, further comprising:

determining, by the controller, one or more of an associated type of rechargeable electric vehicle of the oncoming vehicle, a priority level of the oncoming vehicle, a make and/or model of the oncoming vehicle, a current charging requirement of the oncoming vehicle, a destination of the oncoming vehicle, a spatial location of the oncoming vehicle relative to a spatial position of the primary coil, an electronic calendar of an operator of the vehicle, a normal schedule for the operator, and a number of occupants of the oncoming vehicle;

applying, by the controller, one or more rules based on the one or more of an associated type of rechargeable electric vehicle of the oncoming vehicle, a priority level of the oncoming vehicle, a make and/or model of the oncoming vehicle, a current charging requirement of the oncoming vehicle, a destination of the oncoming vehicle, a spatial location of the oncoming vehicle relative to a spatial position of the primary coil, an electronic calendar of the operator, a normal schedule for the operator, and a number of occupants of the oncoming vehicle; and

based on the rule, activating or deactivating, by the controller, the primary coil as the oncoming vehicle, while in motion on the roadway, passes over the primary coil.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the one or more of an associated type of rechargeable electric vehicle of the oncoming vehicle, a priority level of the oncoming vehicle, a make and/or model of the oncoming vehicle, a current charging requirement of the oncoming vehicle, a destination of the oncoming vehicle, a spatial location of the oncoming vehicle relative to a spatial position of the primary coil, an electronic calendar of the operator, a normal schedule for the operator, and a number of occupants of the oncoming vehicle is an associated type of rechargeable electric vehicle of the oncoming vehicle or a priority level of the oncoming vehicle and wherein the controller activates the primary coil when the type or priority level has a value in a first set of values and deactivates the primary coil when the type or priority level has a value in a second set of values.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein the one or more of an associated type of rechargeable electric vehicle of the oncoming vehicle, a priority level of the oncoming vehicle, a make and/or model of the oncoming vehicle, a current charging requirement of the oncoming vehicle, a destination of the oncoming vehicle, a spatial location of the oncoming vehicle relative to a spatial position of the primary coil, an electronic calendar of the operator, a normal schedule for the operator, and a number of occupants of the oncoming vehicle is a current charging requirement of the oncoming vehicle, a destination of the oncoming vehicle, and a number of occupants of the oncoming vehicle and wherein the controller activates the primary coil when the current charging requirement of the oncoming vehicle, destination of the oncoming vehicle, and number of occupants of the oncoming vehicle has a value in a first set of values and deactivates the primary coil when the current charging requirement of the oncoming vehicle, destination of the oncoming vehicle, and number of occupants of the oncoming vehicle has a value in a second set of values.

13. The method of claim 10, wherein the controller activates the primary coil when the oncoming vehicle passes a first predetermined position along the roadway charging the oncoming vehicle while the oncoming vehicle is in motion and deactivates the primary coil when the oncoming vehicle passes a second predetermined position along the roadway, wherein the one or more of an associated type of rechargeable electric vehicle of the oncoming vehicle, a priority level of the oncoming vehicle, a make and/or model of the oncoming vehicle, a current charging requirement of the oncoming vehicle, a destination of the oncoming vehicle, a spatial location of the oncoming vehicle relative to a spatial position of the primary coil, an electronic calendar of the operator, a normal schedule for the operator, and a number of occupants of the oncoming vehicle is the spatial location of the oncoming vehicle relative to a spatial position of the primary coil, and wherein the controller activates the primary coil when the spatial location of the oncoming vehicle relative to a spatial position of the primary coil has a value in a first set of values and deactivates the primary coil when the spatial location of the oncoming vehicle relative to a spatial position of the primary coil has a value in a second set of values.

14. The method of claim 9, wherein, when the oncoming vehicle is a rechargeable electric vehicle, further comprising:

determining, by the controller, whether the oncoming vehicle has reserved in advance a charge from the primary coil;

when the oncoming vehicle has a reservation, activating, by the controller, the primary coil as the oncoming vehicle passes over the primary coil to provide the reserved charge to the oncoming vehicle while the oncoming vehicle is in motion on the roadway; and

when the oncoming vehicle has no reservation, not activating, by the controller, the primary coil as the oncoming vehicle passes over the primary coil.

15. The method of claim 9, wherein a duration and/or magnitude of alternating current electrical energy passed through the primary coil for an oncoming vehicle depends on one or more of one or more of a make and/or model of the oncoming vehicle, a current charging requirement of the oncoming vehicle, and a number of occupants of the oncoming vehicle.

16. The method of claim 9, wherein the transceiver emits a homing signal or an electrical current is passed through the primary coil to enable the oncoming vehicle to align with the primary coil.

17. A rechargeable electric vehicle, comprising:

a rechargeable energy storage to store direct current electrical energy;

a propulsion system to propel the vehicle using the stored electrical energy;

a secondary coil to receive an alternating current electrical energy from a selected charging segment embedded in a roadway while the rechargeable electric vehicle is in motion on the roadway;

a rectifier, in electrical communication with the secondary coil, to convert the alternating current electrical energy received from the selected charging segment to direct current electrical energy to store the direct current electrical energy in the rechargeable energy storage; and

a transceiver to transmit signals to and receive signals from the selected charging segment in spatial proximity to the rechargeable electric vehicle, the transceiver transmitting a charging signal to the selected charging segment, the transmitted charging signal comprising one or more of an associated type of the rechargeable electric vehicle, a priority level of the rechargeable electric vehicle, a make and/or model of the rechargeable electric vehicle, a current charging requirement of the rechargeable electric vehicle, a destination of the rechargeable electric vehicle, a spatial location of the rechargeable electric vehicle relative to a spatial position of a primary coil of the selected charging segment, an electronic calendar of an operator of the vehicle, a normal schedule for the operator, and a number of occupants of the rechargeable electric vehicle, wherein the selected charging segment determines whether or not to provide alternating current electrical energy to the rechargeable electric vehicle or a duration or magnitude of the provided alternating current electrical energy upon receiving the charging signal.

18. The vehicle of claim 17, wherein one or more of an associated type of the rechargeable electric vehicle, a priority level of the rechargeable electric vehicle, a make and/or model of the rechargeable electric vehicle, a current charging requirement of the rechargeable electric vehicle, a destination of the rechargeable electric vehicle, a spatial location of the rechargeable electric vehicle relative to a spatial position of a primary coil of the selected charging segment, an electronic calendar of the operator, a normal schedule for the operator, and a number of occupants of the rechargeable electric vehicle is an associated type of rechargeable electric vehicle of the rechargeable electric vehicle or a priority level of the rechargeable electric vehicle and wherein the selected charging segment activates the primary coil when the type or priority level has a first set of values and deactivates the primary coil when the type or priority level does not have the first set of values.

19. The vehicle of claim 17, wherein the one or more of an associated type of the rechargeable electric vehicle, a priority level of the rechargeable electric vehicle, a make and/or model of the rechargeable electric vehicle, a current charging requirement of the rechargeable electric vehicle, a destination of the rechargeable electric vehicle, a spatial location of the rechargeable electric vehicle relative to a spatial position of a primary coil of the selected charging segment, and a number of occupants of the rechargeable electric vehicle is a current charging requirement of the rechargeable electric vehicle, a destination of the rechargeable electric vehicle, an electronic calendar of the operator, a normal schedule for the operator, and a number of occupants of the rechargeable electric vehicle and wherein the selected charging segment activates the primary coil when the current charging requirement of the rechargeable electric vehicle, destination of the rechargeable electric vehicle, and number of occupants of the rechargeable electric vehicle has a first set of values and deactivates the primary coil when the current charging requirement of the rechargeable electric vehicle, destination of the rechargeable electric vehicle, and number of occupants of the rechargeable electric vehicle does not have the first set of values.

20. The vehicle of claim 17, wherein the selected charging segment activates the primary coil when the rechargeable electric vehicle passes a first predetermined position along the roadway charging the oncoming vehicle while the oncoming vehicle is in motion and deactivates the primary coil when the rechargeable electric vehicle passes a second predetermined position along the roadway, wherein the one or more of an associated type of the rechargeable electric vehicle, a priority level of the rechargeable electric vehicle, a make and/or model of the rechargeable electric vehicle, a current charging requirement of the rechargeable electric vehicle, a destination of the rechargeable electric vehicle, a spatial location of the rechargeable electric vehicle relative to a spatial position of a primary coil of the selected charging segment, an electronic calendar of the operator, a normal schedule for the operator, and a number of occupants of the rechargeable electric vehicle is the spatial location of the rechargeable electric vehicle relative to a spatial position of the primary coil, and wherein the selected charging segment activates the primary coil when the spatial location of the rechargeable electric vehicle relative to a spatial position of the primary coil has a first set of values and deactivates the primary coil when the spatial location of the rechargeable electric vehicle relative to a spatial position of the primary coil does not have the first set of values.