Brazing method

• US 10,150,186 B2
• Filed: 11/13/2015
• Issued: 12/11/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 12/11/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: UACJ Corporation
• Original Assignee: UACJ Corporation
• Inventors: Yanagawa, Yutaka, Itoh, Yasunaga, Yamayoshi, Tomoki
• Primary Examiner(s): Saad, Erin B
• Application Number:
  US15/533,869
• Publication Number:
  US 20170320170A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,124 Days
• Field of Search: 428 341, 22826251, 228223, 228183, 148 24, 148 23, 165151, 165179
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 1/00 Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering B23K3/00 takes precedence; characterised only by the use of special materials or media B23K35/00; dip or wave soldering in the manufacture of printed circuits H05K3/34
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 1/0012 Brazing heat exchangers
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 1/19 taking account of the properties of the materials to be soldered
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 1/20 Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating preparation of surfaces in particular ways, see the relevant classes for the treatments or the materials treated, e.g. C04B, C23C
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 1/203 Fluxing, i.e. applying flux onto surfaces
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 1/206 Cleaning
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 2101/14 Heat exchangers
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 31/02 relating to soldering or welding dip or wave soldering in the manufacture of printed circuits H05K3/34
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 35/0238 layered
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 35/22 characterised by the composition or nature of the material
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 35/28 with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 35/286 Al as the principal constituent
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 35/288 with Sn or Zn
• CPC Class Codes: C22C 21/00 Alloys based on aluminium
• CPC Class Codes: C22C 21/02 with silicon as the next major constituent
• CPC Class Codes: F28F 1/02 Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular F28F1/08, F28F1/10 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F28F 21/084 from aluminium or aluminium alloys
• CPC Class Codes: F28F 2275/045 with particular processing steps, e.g. by allowing displacement of parts during brazing or by using a reservoir for storing brazing material
• CPC Class Codes: F28F 3/025 the means being corrugated, plate-like elements

Abstract

A hollow aluminum structure that will be brazed includes at least one brazing sheet having a filler metal layer clad onto a core layer. The core layer is composed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy containing less than 0.2 mass % Mg. The filler metal layer is composed of an aluminum alloy that contains Si: 4.0-13.0 mass % and Bi: 0.01-0.3 mass %, and further contains Li: 0.004-0.08 mass % and/or Be: 0.006-0.12 mass %, the filler metal layer containing less than 0.1 mass % Mg. The hollow aluminum structure is assembled such that the filler metal layer is present at locations that will form both an interior-facing brazed joint and an exterior-facing brazed joint. Then, flux is applied onto the filler metal layer at the location that will form the exterior brazed joint, and the hollow aluminum structure heated in an inert gas atmosphere to form the interior brazed joint and the exterior brazed joint.

Claims

1. A brazing method for brazing an object, which is composed of an aluminum material and has a hollow portion, to form an inner brazed joint that faces the hollow portion and also an outer brazed joint that faces an external space, the brazing method comprising:

preparing the object such that it comprises a brazing sheet including;

a core layer having a chemical composition in which Mg is less than 0.2% (mass %, likewise hereinbelow), the remainder being composed of Al and unavoidable impurities; and

a filler metal layer having a chemical composition that indispensably contains Si;

4.0 to 13.0% and Bi;

0.01 to 0.3%, and further contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of Li;

0.004 to 0.08% and Be;

0.006 to 0.12%, Mg being less than 0.1% and the remainder being composed of Al and unavoidable impurities, the filler metal layer being clad onto at least one side of the core layer;

arranging the object such that the filler metal layer is present at a first location that will form the inner brazed joint and at a second location that will form the outer brazed joint;

next, applying a flux onto the filler metal layer that is present at the second location that will form the outer brazed joint; and

subsequently, heating and brazing the object in an inert gas atmosphere.

2. The brazing method according to claim 1, wherein the core layer further contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mn:

0.05 to 1.3%, Si;

1.0% or less, Fe;

1.0% or less, Cu;

0.9% or less, Zn;

6.5% or less, Ti;

0.2% or less, and Zr;

0.5% or less.

3. The brazing method according to claim 1, wherein, prior to the flux application step, the brazing sheet is etched to remove an oxide film present on a surface of the filler metal layer.

4. The brazing method according to claim 3, wherein after the etching but before the heating and brazing, an oil solution is applied to the surface of the filler metal layer, the oil solution having a thermal decomposition temperature of 380°

C. or lower in an inert gas.

5. The brazing method according to claim 1, wherein the flux contains 20 mass % or less of a binder having a thermal decomposition temperature of 500°

C. or lower in an inert gas.

6. The brazing method according to claim 1, wherein in the flux application step, 0.5 to 7.0 g/m² of the flux is applied to the filler metal layer at the second location that will form the outer brazed joint.

7. The brazing method according to claim 1, wherein the object is a hollow aluminum structure that is formed into a heat exchanger after the brazing.

8. The brazing method according to claim 1, wherein no flux is applied to the first location of the object prior to heating and brazing the object.

9. The brazing method according to claim 1, wherein the filler metal layer contains:

0.006 to 0.04% Li and/or 0.008 to 0.04% Be; and

0.05% or less Mg.

10. The brazing method according to claim 9, wherein:

the core layer further contains Mn;

0.05 to 1.3%, Si;

1.0% or less, Fe;

1.0% or less, and Cu;

0.9% or less;

the object is a heat exchanger; and

at least the core layer of the at least one brazing sheet is formed as a fin of the heat exchanger.

11. A method for brazing a hollow aluminum structure to form both an interior brazed joint that faces an interior hollow space of the hollow aluminum structure and an exterior brazed joint that faces a space external to the interior hollow space,

wherein, prior to brazing, the hollow aluminum structure includes at least one brazing sheet having a filler metal layer clad onto at least one side of a core layer, the core layer being composed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy containing less than 0.2 mass % Mg (mass %, likewise hereinbelow), and the filler metal layer being composed of an aluminum alloy that contains Si:

4.0-13.0 mass % and Bi;

0.01-0.3 mass %, and further contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of Li;

0.004-0.08 mass % and Be;

0.006-0.12 mass %, the filler metal layer containing less than 0.1 mass % Mg,

the method comprising;

arranging the hollow aluminum structure such that the filler metal layer of the at least one brazing sheet is present at a first location that will form the interior brazed joint and at a second location that will form the exterior brazed joint;

thereafter, applying a flux onto the filler metal layer at the second location that will form the exterior brazed joint; and

subsequently, heating and brazing the hollow aluminum structure in an inert gas atmosphere to form the interior brazed joint and the exterior brazed joint.

12. The brazing method according to claim 11, wherein the core layer further contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mn:

0.05 to 1.3 mass %, Si;

1.0 mass % or less, Fe;

1.0 mass % or less, Cu;

0.9 mass % or less, Zn;

6.5 mass % or less, Ti;

0.2 mass % or less, and Zr;

0.5 mass % or less.

13. The brazing method according to claim 11, wherein, prior to applying the flux, the brazing sheet is etched to remove an oxide film present on a surface of the filler metal layer.

14. The brazing method according to claim 13, wherein after the etching but before the heating and brazing, an oil solution is applied to the surface of the filler metal layer, the oil solution having a thermal decomposition temperature of 380°

C. or lower in an inert gas.

15. The brazing method according to claim 11, wherein the flux contains 20 mass % or less of a binder having a thermal decomposition temperature of 500°

C. or lower in an inert gas.

16. The brazing method according to claim 11, wherein 0.5 to 7.0 g/m² of the flux is applied onto the filler metal layer at the second location that will form the exterior brazed joint.

17. The brazing method according to claim 11, wherein the hollow aluminum structure is a heat exchanger and at least the core layer of the at least one brazing sheet is formed as a fin of the heat exchanger.

18. The brazing method according to claim 11, wherein no flux is applied to the first location of the hollow aluminum structure prior to heating and brazing the hollow aluminum structure.

19. The brazing method according to claim 18, wherein the filler metal layer contains:

0.006 to 0.04% Li and/or 0.008 to 0.04% Be; and

0.05% or less Mg.

20. The brazing method according to claim 19, wherein:

the core layer further contains Mn;

0.05 to 1.3%, Si;

1.0% or less, Fe;

1.0% or less, and Cu;

0.9% or less;

the object is a heat exchanger; and

at least the core layer of the at least one brazing sheet is formed as a fin of the heat exchanger.