Solution polymers formed from methylene malonate monomers, polymerization, and solution polymer products
First Claim
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1. A process comprising the steps of:
- i) mixing at least one monomer with a solvent;
ii) adding an initiator to the solvent or the mixture of the solvent and the at least one monomer, wherein the molar ratio of the one or more monomers to the initiator is about 50;
1 or more;
iii) anionically polymerizing the at least one monomer to form a polymer having a weight average molecular weight of about 3000 daltons or more, wherein the at least one monomer includes a 1,1-disubstituted alkene compound in solution, wherein the resulting polymer is substantially free of a melting temperature and is substantially free of a glass transition temperature of about 15°
C. or more.
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Abstract
The present teachings show that it is possible to polymerize 1,1-disubstituted alkene compounds in a solution (for example using one or more solvents). Polymerization of 1,1-disubstituted alkene compounds in a solution provides opportunities to better control the polymerization compared with bulk polymerization. The solution polymerization techniques can be employed for preparing homopolymers, copolymers (e.g., random copolymers), and block copolymers.
219 Citations
17 Claims
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1. A process comprising the steps of:
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i) mixing at least one monomer with a solvent; ii) adding an initiator to the solvent or the mixture of the solvent and the at least one monomer, wherein the molar ratio of the one or more monomers to the initiator is about 50;
1 or more;iii) anionically polymerizing the at least one monomer to form a polymer having a weight average molecular weight of about 3000 daltons or more, wherein the at least one monomer includes a 1,1-disubstituted alkene compound in solution, wherein the resulting polymer is substantially free of a melting temperature and is substantially free of a glass transition temperature of about 15°
C. or more. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10)
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6. A process comprising the steps of:
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i) mixing at least one monomer with a solvent; ii) adding an initiator to the solvent or the mixture of the solvent and the at least one monomer, wherein the molar ratio of the one or more monomers to the initiator is about 50;
1 or more;iii) anionically polymerizing the at least one monomer to form a polymer having a weight average molecular weight of about 3000 daltons or more, wherein the at least one monomer includes a 1,1-disubstituted alkene compound in solution, wherein the resulting polymer is a block copolymer including a first block having a first glass transition temperature and a second polymer block having a second glass transition temperature, wherein the first glass transition temperature and the second glass transition temperature differ by about 20°
C. or more. - View Dependent Claims (7, 15)
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11. A process comprising the steps of:
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i) mixing at least one monomer with a solvent; ii) adding an initiator to the solvent or the mixture of the solvent and the at least one monomer, wherein the molar ratio of the one or more monomers to the initiator is about 50;
1 or more;iii) anionically polymerizing the at least one monomer to form a polymer having a weight average molecular weight of about 3000 daltons or more, wherein the at least one monomer includes a 1,1-disubstituted alkene compound in solution, wherein the polymer is a homopolymer, and the method includes a step of separating the polymer from the solvent and the homopolymer is substantially free of a melting temperature and is substantially free of a glass transition temperature of about 15°
C. or more. - View Dependent Claims (12, 17)
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13. A process comprising the steps of:
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i) mixing at least one monomer with a solvent; ii) adding an initiator to the solvent or the mixture of the solvent and the at least one monomer, wherein the molar ratio of the one or more monomers to the initiator is about 50;
1 or more;iii) anionically polymerizing the at least one monomer to form a polymer having a weight average molecular weight of about 3000 daltons or more, wherein the at least one monomer includes a 1,1-disubstituted alkene compound in solution;
wherein the process includes a step of depositing a solution onto a substrate, the solution including a polymer resulting from the polymerization step; anda step of evaporating some or all of the solvent so that the substrate is partially or entirely coated with a layer of the polymer;
wherein the initiator includes a salt selected from a benzoate, an acetate, a silicate, or a carbonate;and wherein the polymer is a random copolymer. - View Dependent Claims (14, 16)
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Specification