Method of communication between a vehicle and a wayside control unit for controlling an inductive energy transfer to the vehicle, a vehicle, a wayside control unit and an arrangement of a vehicle and a wayside control unit

• US 10,173,541 B2
• Filed: 02/04/2015
• Issued: 01/08/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 02/05/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: IPT Group BV
• Original Assignee: Bombardier Primove Gmbh
• Inventors: Wierse, Ralf, Quintern, Tobias, Schnarr, Thoralf
• Primary Examiner(s): Wells, Kenneth B
• Application Number:
  US15/116,972
• Publication Number:
  US 20160347187A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,434 Days
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2200/26 Rail vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/12 Inductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/126 Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/39 with position-responsive activation of primary coils
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/65 involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
• CPC Class Codes: B61L 15/0027 Radio-based, e.g. using GSM-R
• CPC Class Codes: B61L 25/025 Absolute localisation, e.g. providing geodetic coordinates
• CPC Class Codes: B61L 25/028 Determination of vehicle position and orientation within a train consist, e.g. serialisation
• CPC Class Codes: B61L 3/121 using magnetic induction
• CPC Class Codes: B61L 3/126 Constructional details
• CPC Class Codes: B61L 3/227 using electromagnetic radiation
• CPC Class Codes: B61L 3/24 employing different frequencies or coded pulse groups , e.g. in combination with track circuits
• CPC Class Codes: G01V 3/06 using ac
• CPC Class Codes: G05D 1/0225 involving docking at a fixed facility, e.g. base station or loading bay parking aids B62D15/027
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 5/008 communicating information to a remotely located station transmission systems for measured values G08C
• CPC Class Codes: G08C 17/04 using magnetically coupled devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/48 for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/10 using inductive coupling
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/80 involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/90 involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00045 : Authentication, i.e. circuits for checking compatibility between one component, e.g. a battery or a battery charger, and another component, e.g. a power source
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0029 : with safety or protection devices or circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0047 : with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/02 : for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/24 : Inductive coupling
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/72 : for local intradevice communication
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/79 : for data transfer in combination with power transfer
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 : Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 : Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 : Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/14 : Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Abstract

A method of detecting a correct position and/or orientation of a secondary winding structure of a secondary unit relative to a primary winding structure of a primary unit of a system for inductive power transfer to a vehicle, wherein the vehicle includes the secondary unit for receiving an alternating electromagnetic field which is generated by the primary unit, wherein the vehicle includes at least a first transmitter for transmitting a first signal and a second transmitter for transmitting a second signal, wherein a wayside control unit includes at least one receiving means for receiving the first and the second signal, and wherein the correct position and/or orientation of the secondary winding structure of the secondary unit relative to the primary winding structure of the primary unit is detected depending on the first and the second signal.

Claims

1. A method of detecting a correct position and/or orientation of a secondary winding structure of a secondary unit relative to a primary winding structure of a primary unit of a system for inductive power transfer to a vehicle, the method comprising:

providing a primary unit of a system for inductive power transfer;

providing a wayside control unit comprising at least one receiving means;

providing a vehicle comprising a secondary unit of the system for inductive power transfer, at least a first transmitter and a second transmitter;

generating, by the primary unit, an alternating electromagnetic field, wherein the wayside control unit controls the generation of the alternating electromagnetic field by the primary unit;

receiving, by the secondary unit, the alternating electromagnetic field;

transmitting, by the at least a first transmitter, a first signal;

transmitting, by the second transmitter, a second signal;

receiving, by the at least one receiving means of the wayside control unit, the first and the second signal;

detecting, depending on the first and second signal, the correct position and/or orientation of the secondary winding structure of the secondary unit relative to the primary winding structure of the primary unit;

determining, depending on the carrier signal level of the first and second signals, a correct position and/or orientation of the secondary winding structure of the secondary unit relative to the primary winding structure of the primary unit; and

determining a signal level of the first and second signals.

2. The method according to claim 1, the method further comprising transmitting power of the first and the second signal which is constant.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the at least one receiving means consists of only one receiving means.

4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising transmitting the first signal and the second signal in an alternating sequence.

5. The method according to claim 1, further comprising terminating, at a switching point, the one of the first and the second signal which has been received last and receiving, after the switching point, the remaining one of the first and the second signal only after a time gap with a predetermined duration.

6. The method according to claim 1, further comprising detecting, in response to a time course of the carrier signal level of the first and second signals matching an expected time course for a time duration which is equal to or is greater than a transmission time interval assigned to the first transmitter or a transmission time interval assigned to the second transmitter, a correct position and/or orientation of the secondary winding structure relative to the primary winding structure.

7. The method according to claim 1, the method further comprising detecting, immediately or after a predetermined timeout interval and in response to the time course of the carrier signal level of the first and second signals not matching an expected time course, an incorrect position and/or orientation of the secondary winding structure relative to the primary winding structure.

8. The method according to claim 1, the method further comprising transmitting, by the first signal and/or the second signal, authentication-related data from the vehicle to the wayside control unit, and determining, based on the authentication-related data, an authorization for power transfer to the vehicle.

9. The method according to claim 8, the method further comprising transmitting by the first signal, an identifier of the first transmitter and/or transmitting, by the second signal, an identifier of the second transmitter.

10. The method according to claim 9, the method further comprising approving the authorization for power transfer in response to detecting an expected number of correct identifiers of the first transmitter within a time duration which is equal to or is greater than the transmission time interval assigned to the first transmitter and detecting an expected number of correct identifiers of the second transmitter within a time duration which is equal to or is greater than the transmission time interval assigned to the second transmitter.

11. The method according to claim 9, the method further comprising disapproving, immediately or after a predetermined timeout interval, the authorization for power transfer in response to a number of correct identifiers different from an expected number of correct identifiers of the first transmitter or in response to detecting the second transmitter within an expected time duration.

12. The method according to claim 1, the method further comprising performing an analysis of the first and second signals on two channels.

13. The method according to claim 1, the method further comprising enabling an inductive power transfer only in response to detecting a correct position and/or orientation of the secondary winding structure relative to the primary winding structure and approving an authorization for power transfer of the vehicle.

14. A vehicle comprising a secondary unit of a system for inductive power transfer for receiving an alternating electromagnetic field, wherein the vehicle comprises at least a first transmitter for transmitting a first signal and a second transmitter for transmitting a second signal,

wherein a wayside control unit controls generation of the alternating electromagnetic field by a primary unit of the system for inductive power transfer,

wherein the at least first and second transmitter are designed and/or arranged with respect to a secondary winding structure of the secondary unit and with respect to at least one receiving means of the wayside control unit such that a correct or an incorrect position and/or orientation of the secondary winding structure relative to a primary winding structure of the primary unit is unambiguously determinable depending at least on the first and the second signal, wherein a signal level of the first and second signals is determinable, wherein a correct position and/or orientation of the secondary winding structure of the secondary unit relative to the primary winding structure of a primary unit is determinable depending on the carrier signal level of the first and second signals.

15. A wayside control unit of a system for inductive power transfer to a vehicle,

wherein the wayside control unit controls generation of an alternating electromagnetic field by a primary unit of the system for inductive power transfer,

wherein the wayside control unit comprises at least one receiving means for receiving at least a first and a second signal, wherein the first signal is transmitted by a first transmitter of the vehicle and the second signal is transmitted by a second transmitter of the vehicle,

wherein the at least one receiving means is designed and/or arranged with respect to a primary winding structure of the primary unit and with respect to the at least first and second transmitter such that a correct or an incorrect position and/or orientation of a secondary winding structure relative to the primary winding structure is unambiguously determinable depending at least on the first and the second signal, wherein a signal level of the first and second signals is determinable, wherein a correct position and/or orientation of the secondary winding structure of a secondary unit relative to the primary winding structure of the primary unit is determinable depending on the carrier signal level of the first and second signals.

16. The wayside control unit according to claim 15, wherein the control unit comprises at least one means for generating an analogue level-dependent signal, wherein the level-dependent signal represents the carrier signal level of the first and second signals.

17. The wayside control unit according to claim 15, wherein the control unit comprises at least one A/D converter for generating a digital signal from the first and second signals and/or the analogue level-dependent signal.

18. The wayside control unit according to claim 15, wherein the control unit comprises at least one evaluation unit for detecting a correct or incorrect position and/or orientation of the secondary winding structure relative to the primary winding structure based on the first and second signals and/or for determining an authorization for power transfer to the vehicle based on the first and second signals.

19. The wayside control unit according to claim 15, wherein the control unit comprises at least one switching means for switching a power supply of a driving unit for controlling switching elements of a wayside power converter by which the primary winding structure is operated.

20. The wayside control unit according to claim 15, wherein the control unit is designed at least partially as a two-channel control unit, wherein an analysis of the first and second signals is performable on two channels.