Pacing device with acoustic sensor

• US 10,201,711 B2
• Filed: 12/18/2015
• Issued: 02/12/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 12/18/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Zoll Medical Corporation (Asahi Kasei Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Zoll Medical Corporation (Asahi Kasei Corporation)
• Inventors: Volpe, Shane S., Frank, Gregory R., Kaib, Thomas E., Szymkiewicz, Steven J., Freeman, Gary A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Marlen, Tammie K
• Application Number:
  US14/975,149
• Publication Number:
  US 20160175598A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,152 Days
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/046 Specially adapted for shock therapy, e.g. defibrillation
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0484 Garment electrodes worn by the patient
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3625 External stimulators
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36542 controlled by body motion, e.g. acceleration
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36578 controlled by mechanical motion of the heart wall, e.g. measured by an accelerometer or microphone
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/371 Capture, i.e. successful stimulation
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3904 External heart defibrillators [EHD]
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/39044 in combination with cardiopulmonary resuscitation [CPR] therapy

Abstract

In at least one example, a medical device is provided. The medical device includes at least one therapy electrode, at least one acoustic sensor, and at least one processor coupled with the at least one therapy electrode and the at least one acoustic sensor. The at least one processor is configured to deliver at least one pacing pulse via the at least one therapy electrode and to analyze processed acoustic data to determine whether the at least one pacing pulse resulted in capture.

Claims

1. An external wearable medical device comprising:

at least one therapy electrode;

at least one acoustic sensor;

at least one electrocardiogram (ECG) sensor configured to acquire an ECG signal; and

at least one processor coupled with the at least one therapy electrode, the at least one ECG sensor, and the at least one acoustic sensor and configured to

deliver at least one pacing pulse via the at least one therapy electrode;

blank a portion of the ECG signal for a period of time beginning from when the at least one pacing pulse is delivered and comprising a duration spanning between approximately 30 milliseconds and 200 milliseconds;

receive one or more acoustic signals acquired via the at least one acoustic sensor during the duration when the portion of the ECG signal is blanked;

process the one or more acoustic signals to generate processed acoustic data; and

calculate at least one metric based on a frequency domain analysis of the processed acoustic data acquired within the period of time to determine whether the at least one pacing pulse resulted in capture.

2. The external wearable medical device of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to deliver a pacing pulse having an energy level higher than the at least one pacing pulse in response to determining that the at least one pacing pulse did not result in capture.

3. The external wearable medical device of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to deliver a pacing pulse having an energy level lower than the at least one pacing pulse in response to determining that the at least one pacing pulse resulted in capture.

4. The external wearable medical device of claim 3, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to deliver one or more pacing pulses having an energy level higher than the pacing pulse in response to determining that the pacing pulse did not result in capture.

5. The external wearable medical device of claim 1, wherein the at least one therapy electrode includes at least one first therapy electrode configured to be disposed on a front of a body of a subject and at least one second therapy electrode configured to be disposed on the front of the body of the subject.

6. The external wearable medical device of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to determine whether a subject'"'"'s level of discomfort exceeds a threshold and to deliver a pacing pulse having one or more adjusted attributes in response to determining that the level of discomfort exceeds the threshold.

7. The external wearable medical device of claim 6, further comprising a user interface, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to determine whether the subject'"'"'s level of discomfort exceeds the threshold by analyzing information received via the user interface.

8. The external wearable medical device of claim 7, wherein the information is descriptive of at least one of movement of the subject and vocalizations of the subject.

9. The external wearable medical device of claim 6, wherein the one or more adjusted attributes include at least one of an adjusted energy level, an adjusted width, and an adjusted rate.

10. The external wearable medical device of claim 6, further comprising a therapy electrode assembly comprising the at least one therapy electrode and one or more reservoirs housing high impedance conductive gel, wherein the at least one processor is configured to initiate deployment of the high impedance conductive gel via the therapy electrode assembly in response to determining that the level of discomfort exceeds the threshold.

11. The external wearable medical device of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to detect a cardiac anomaly and identify a routine to address the cardiac anomaly.

12. The external wearable medical device of claim 1, further comprising a sensing electrode, wherein the at least one acoustic sensor is configured to record one or more acoustic signals while the sensing electrode is inoperable and the processed acoustic data is based on the one or more acoustic signals.

13. The external wearable medical device of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is configured to determine whether the at least one pacing pulse resulted in capture by detecting a threshold level of power in at least one acoustic signal represented in the processed acoustic data.

14. The external wearable medical device of claim 13, wherein the at least one processor is configured to analyze the processed acoustic data at least in part by calculating a power spectrum of the processed acoustic data.

15. The external wearable medical device of claim 1, wherein the period of time is less than about 0.5 seconds in duration.

16. The external wearable medical device of claim 1, further comprising ECG monitoring and detecting circuitry coupling the at least one ECG sensor with the at least one processor, wherein the at least one processor is configured to blank the portion of the ECG signal at least in part by disconnecting the ECG monitoring and detecting circuitry from the at least one ECG sensor.

17. The external wearable medical device of claim 1, wherein the duration spans between approximately 40 ms and 80 ms.

18. The external wearable medical device of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to identify the one or more acoustic signals as being acquired during the duration when the portion of the ECG signal is blanked.

19. A method of pacing a subject using an external wearable medical device comprising at least one therapy electrode, the method comprising:

acquiring, by an ECG sensor, an ECG signal;

delivering, by the external wearable medical device, at least one pacing pulse via the at least one therapy electrode;

blanking, by at least one processor, a portion of the ECG signal for a period of time beginning from when the at least one pacing pulse is delivered and comprising a duration spanning between approximately 30 milliseconds and 200 milliseconds;

receiving, by the at least one processor, one or more acoustic signals acquired via at least one acoustic sensor during the duration when the portion of the ECG signal is blanked;

processing, by the at least one processor, the one or more acoustic signals to generate processed acoustic data; and

calculating, by the at least one processor, at least one metric based on a frequency domain analysis of the processed acoustic data acquired within the period of time to determine whether the at least one pacing pulse resulted in capture.