Method and detector of loudspeaker diaphragm excursion

• US 10,219,090 B2
• Filed: 02/27/2013
• Issued: 02/26/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 02/27/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Analog Devices International Unlimited Company (Analog Devices, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Analog Devices Global Unlimited Company (Analog Devices, Inc.)
• Inventors: Adams, Robert, Berthelsen, Kim Spetzler
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen, Duc
• Assistant Examiner(s): Mohammed, Assad
• Application Number:
  US13/779,314
• Publication Number:
  US 20140241536A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,190 Days
• CPC Class Codes: H04R 29/003 of the moving-coil type
• CPC Class Codes: H04R 3/007 Protection circuits for transducers

Abstract

The present invention relates in one aspect to a method of detecting diaphragm excursion of an electrodynamic loudspeaker. The method comprises steps of generating an audio signal for application to a voice coil of the electrodynamic loudspeaker and adding a high-frequency probe signal to the audio signal to generate a composite drive signal. The method further comprises a step of applying the composite drive signal to the voice coil through an output amplifier and detecting a modulation level of a probe signal current flowing through the voice coil.

Claims

1. A method of detecting diaphragm excursion of an electrodynamic loudspeaker, comprising steps of:

receiving a digital audio signal having a first sample rate,

using an up-sampler and modulator circuit, up-sampling the digital audio signal to a greater second sample rate and adding a high-frequency probe signal to the up-sampled digital audio signal to generate a pulse-modulated composite drive signal, wherein the probe signal has a frequency that exceeds a Nyquist frequency of the received digital audio signal,

applying the pulse-modulated composite drive signal to a voice coil of the electrodynamic speaker through an output amplifier,

detecting a composite drive signal current flowing through the voice coil in response to the application of the pulse-modulated composite drive signal,

detecting a modulation level of a probe signal current from the composite drive signal current, and

identifying an excursion of a diaphragm of the loudspeaker based on the detected modulation level of the probe signal current.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the detecting the modulation level of the probe signal current-comprises steps of:

band-pass filtering the composite drive signal current to attenuate audio signal components therein, and detecting the modulation level of the probe signal current from the band-pass filtered composite drive signal current.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the detecting the modulation level of the probe signal current comprises:

detecting an envelope of the probe signal current.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein the detecting the modulation level of the probe signal current comprises:

rectifying and lowpass filtering the band-pass filtered composite drive signal current.

5. The method of claim 1, comprising a step of:

one of pulse density modulating and pulse width modulating the audio signal in the output amplifier to supply a PDM or PWM modulated composite drive signal to the voice coil of the electro dynamic loudspeaker.

6. The method of claim 1, comprising a step of:

up-sampling the digital audio signal by one or more intermediate up-sampling stages producing digital audio signals at respective intermediate sample rates in-between the first and the second sample rates.

7. The method of claim 6, comprising steps of:

generating the high-frequency probe signal as a digital high-frequency probe signal, and adding the digital high-frequency probe signal to one of the digital audio signals at the intermediate sample rates or to a final digital audio signal to generate the composite drive signal in digital format.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the high-frequency digital probe signal is added to the up-sampled digital audio signal at an intermediate sample rate that is at least two times higher than a frequency of the digital high-frequency probe signal.

9. The method of claim 1, comprising a step of:

comparing the detected modulation level of the probe signal current with a specified modulation level threshold.

10. The method of claim 9, comprising a step of:

attenuating a level of the digital audio signal if the detected modulation level of the probe signal current matches the modulation level threshold.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the high-frequency probe signal comprises a sine wave with a frequency above 10 kHz.

12. The method of claim 1, comprising a step of:

adding the high-frequency probe signal to the audio signal by modulating the audio signal with a predetermined carrier frequency such that the high-frequency probe signal is produced by carrier frequency components.

13. The method of claim 1, comprising steps of:

detecting a level of the audio signal, comparing the level of the audio signal with a predetermined threshold level, and adding the high-frequency probe signal to the audio signal exclusively when the level of the audio signal exceeds the predetermined threshold level.

14. The method of claim 1, comprising steps of:

determining an excursion limit of the electrodynamic loudspeaker during a calibration measurement on the electrodynamic loudspeaker or an electrodynamic loudspeaker of the same type, determining and recording the modulation level of the probe signal current corresponding to the excursion limit of the loudspeaker, and deriving the pre-set modulation level criteria from the recorded modulation level of the probe signal current at the excursion limit.

15. The method of d claim 1, comprising a step of:

sampling the probe signal current by an A/D converter to provide a sampled or digital probe signal current.

16. A loudspeaker excursion detector for electrodynamic loudspeakers, comprising:

an audio signal input for receipt of a digital audio signal supplied by an audio signal source,

a probe signal source for generation of a high-frequency digital probe signal,

an up-sampler and modulator circuit configured to up-sample the audio signal and then combine the up-sampled audio signal with the probe signal to provide a composite drive signal,

an output amplifier configured to supply the composite drive signal at a pair of output terminals connectable to a voice coil of an electrodynamic loudspeaker,

a current detector configured for detecting from the voice coil a composite drive signal current flowing through the voice coil in response to the application of the composite drive signal, and

a modulation detector configured to determine a modulation level of a probe signal current of the composite drive signal current, wherein the modulation level indicates an excursion characteristic of a diaphragm of the electrodynamic loudspeaker.

17. The loudspeaker excursion detector of claim 16, comprising:

a band-pass filter coupled for receipt of the composite drive signal current and providing the probe signal current at a filter output.

18. The loudspeaker excursion detector of claim 17, wherein the modulation detector comprises an envelope detector coupled to the output of the band-pass filter to detect the modulation level.

19. The loudspeaker excursion detector of claim 16, wherein the output amplifier comprises a class D power stage configured to supply a pulse modulated composite drive signal to the voice coil of the electrodynamic loudspeaker.

20. The loudspeaker excursion detector of claim 19, wherein the up-sampler and modulator circuit is configured to up-sample the audio signal through one or more intermediate up-sampling stages configured to produce one or more digital audio signal(s) at respective intermediate sample rate(s) in-between an initial audio signal sample rate and a final sample rate.

21. The loudspeaker excursion detector according to of claim 20, wherein the probe signal source is configured to generate the high-frequency probe signal at a probe signal sample rate;

and

wherein the up-sampler and modulator circuit comprises a digital signal combiner configured to add the high-frequency probe signal to the digital audio signal at an intermediate sample rate at least two times higher than a frequency of the high-frequency probe signal.

22. The loudspeaker excursion detector of claim 20, wherein the output amplifier comprises one of a pulse density modulated and pulse width modulated power stage coupled for receipt of the digital audio signal at the final sample rate.

23. The loudspeaker excursion detector of claim 16, comprising:

a comparator configured for comparing the detected modulation level of the probe signal current with a pre-set modulation level criteria.

24. The loudspeaker excursion detector of claim 23, comprising:

a diaphragm excursion limiter configured to attenuate a level of the audio signal if the detected modulation level of the probe signal current matches the pre-set modulation level criteria.

25. The loudspeaker excursion detector of claim 16, wherein the current detector comprises an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter to provide a sampled or digital signal representative of the composite drive signal current.

26. The loudspeaker excursion detector of claim 16, wherein the output amplifier comprises a predetermined output impedance less than 1.0Ω

at the probe signal frequency.

27. A semiconductor substrate having the loudspeaker excursion detector of claim 16 integrated thereon.

28. An excursion control system for electrodynamic loudspeakers, comprising:

an electrodynamic loudspeaker comprising a movable diaphragm assembly for generating audible sound in response to actuation of the assembly, the loudspeaker excursion detector of claim 16 electrically coupled to the movable diaphragm assembly, an audio signal source operatively coupled to the audio signal input of the loudspeaker excursion detector.

29. The excursion control system for electrodynamic loudspeakers of claim 28, wherein the audio signal source comprises a DSP delivering a digital audio signal to the loudspeaker excursion detector.