Methods and systems to diagnose depression

• US 10,220,211 B2
• Filed: 01/22/2013
• Issued: 03/05/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 01/22/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: LivaNova USA, Inc. (LivaNova Plc)
• Original Assignee: LivaNova USA, Inc. (LivaNova Plc)
• Inventors: Liao, Wangcai
• Primary Examiner(s): Layno, Carl H
• Assistant Examiner(s): Xie, Dacheng
• Application Number:
  US13/746,478
• Publication Number:
  US 20140206945A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,233 Days
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/01 Measuring temperature of body parts ; Diagnostic temperature sensing, e.g. for malignant or inflamed tissue clinical contact thermometers G01K13/20
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0205 Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/165 Evaluating the state of mind, e.g. depression, anxiety
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/24 Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4836 Diagnosis combined with treatment in closed-loop systems or methods A61B5/0036 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0529 Electrodes for brain stimulation
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36096 Mood disorders, e.g. depression, anxiety or panic disorder
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 20/70 relating to mental therapies, e.g. psychological therapy or autogenous training
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 50/20 for computer-aided diagnosis, e.g. based on medical expert systems

Abstract

A method includes receiving sensor data at a processor from sensors of an external medical device. The sensor data corresponds to at least a first body parameter value for a patient and a second body parameter value for the patient. The method includes determining a first depression-indicative value based on the first body parameter value, a second depression-indicative value based on the second body parameter value, a depression detection value as a function of a first weight applied to the first depression-indicative value and a second weight applied to the second depression-indicative value, and a depression state based at least in part on a comparison of the depression detection value to one or more threshold values.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

receiving sensor data at a processor from one or more sensors of an external medical device, wherein at least one sensor is coupled to skin of a patient and configured to measure a parameter of the skin, wherein the sensor data corresponds to at least a first body parameter value for the patient and a second body parameter value for the patient;

determining, via the processor, a first depression-indicative value based on the first body parameter value and a second depression-indicative value based on the second body parameter value;

determining, via the processor, a first weight and a second weight;

determining, via the processor, a depression detection value as a function of, in part, the first weight applied to the first depression-indicative value and the second weight applied to the second depression-indicative value;

determining, via the processor, a depression state based at least in part on a comparison of the depression detection value to a first threshold value and a second threshold value different from the first threshold value, the first threshold value associated with an onset of a depression episode, the second threshold value associated with an offset of the depression episode;

adjusting, via the processor, the first weight based on a state of current physical activity of the patient relating to a current level of exercise of the patient; and

in response to determining that the depression state indicates depression onset, initiating closed-loop therapy by one or more electrodes.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising automatically adjusting, via the processor, at least one of the first weight or the second weight in response to an indication contradicting the depression state.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the indication is included in depression data, the depression data comprising at least one of patient input data, historic data corresponding to values as a function of time, or second sensor data from one or more second sensors.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

determining, via the processor, a second depression detection value as a function of, in part, the adjusted first weight applied to the first depression-indicative value and the second weight applied to the second depression-indicative value;

determining, via the processor, a second depression state based at least in part on a comparison of the second depression detection value to the first threshold value and the second threshold value; and

in response to determining that the second depression state indicates depression offset, terminating the closed-loop therapy.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the closed loop therapy includes cranial nerve stimulation (CNS), and wherein the CNS comprises external trigeminal nerve stimulation (TNS), vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), or a combination thereof.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein an initial value of the first weight and an initial value of the second weight are set by a health care provider, determined based on the sensor data, determined based on historic data, or determined based on a selected patient population.

7. The method of claim 1, further comprising calculating the first depression-indicative value as a ratio of a first moving average value of the first body parameter value over a first time period to a second moving average value of the first body parameter value over a second time period.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the first body parameter value is skin temperature, skin conductance, blood oxygen saturation, or a value determined as a combination thereof.

9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

comparing a trend of one or more body parameter values as a function of time to at least one trend threshold; and

outputting a recommendation when the trend satisfies at least one trend threshold, wherein the recommendation is associated with a prompt to take one or more actions to inhibit a depression episode in the patient.

10. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining a depression severity based on a comparison of the depression detection value to a severity threshold value distinct from the first and second thresholds.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the depression detection value is based on a sum of a first product and a second product, the first product equal to the first weight multiplied by the first depression-indicative value and the second product equal to the second weight multiplied by the second depression-indicative value.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the first body parameter value comprises skin temperature data and skin conductance data, and wherein a value of the second weight is based in part on the second body parameter value.

13. A system comprising:

a first sensor configured to provide first sensor data corresponding to a first body parameter value for a patient;

a second sensor configured to provide second sensor data corresponding to a second body parameter value for the patient; and

a processing unit configured to receive the first sensor data and the second sensor data, the processing unit including a processor configured to;

determine a first depression-indicative value based on the first body parameter value and a second depression-indicative value based on the second body parameter value;

determine a first weight and a second weight;

determine a depression detection value as a function of, in part, the first weight applied to the first depression-indicative value and the second weight applied to the second depression-indicative value;

determine a depression state based at least in part on a comparison of the depression detection value to a first threshold value and a second threshold value different from the first threshold value, the first threshold value associated with an onset of a depression episode, the second threshold value associated with an offset of the depression episode;

adjust the first weight based on a state of current physical activity of the patient relating to a current level of exercise of the patient; and

in response to determining that the depression state indicates depression onset, initiating closed-loop therapy by one or more electrodes.

14. The system of claim 13, wherein the first body parameter value is skin temperature, skin conductance, heart rate, change in heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, acceleration, respiration rate, or a value determined as a combination thereof.

15. The system of claim 13, wherein the processor is further configured to adjust at least one of the first weight or the second weight in response to an indication contradicting the depression state.

16. The system of claim 13, wherein the state of activity includes one or more of an awake state, a resting state, a sleeping state, or an exercise state.

17. The system of claim 13, wherein the depression state indicates depression onset when the depression detection value is greater than the first threshold value, and wherein the depression state indicates depression offset when the depression detection value is less than the second threshold value.

18. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions executable by a processor to:

determine a first depression-indicative value based on the first body parameter value and a second depression-indicative value based on the second body parameter value;

determine a first weight and a second weight;

determine a depression detection value as a function of, in part, the first weight applied to the first depression-indicative value and the second weight applied to the second depression-indicative value;

determine a depression state based at least in part on a comparison of the depression detection value to a first threshold value and a second threshold value different from the first threshold value, the first threshold value associated with an onset of a depression episode, the second threshold value associated with an offset of the depression episode;

adjust the first weight based on a state of current physical activity of the patient relating to a current level of exercise of the patient; and

in response to determining that the depression state indicates depression onset, initiating closed-loop therapy by one or more electrodes.

19. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 18, wherein the first weight is automatically adjusted, and wherein the instructions further cause the processor to determine a patient state based on the first body parameter value, the second body parameter value, one or more rules, or a combination thereof.

20. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 19, further comprising instructions executable by the processor to:

retrieve depression data including data that contradicts the depression state the depression data comprising at least one of a patient input, historic data corresponding to values as a function of time, or second sensor data from one or more second sensors, wherein the values comprise one or more of first body parameter values, second body parameter values, depression detection values, or depression states; and

adjust the second weight based on the data that contradicts the depression state.