Lighting systems

• US 10,222,529 B1
• Filed: 09/13/2017
• Issued: 03/05/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 09/20/2016
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Inventors: Cohoon, Gregory A., Mazuir, Clarisse, Last, Matthew E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Frech, Karl D
• Application Number:
  US15/703,568
• Time in Patent Office: 538 Days
• Field of Search: 362558
• CPC Class Codes: B60Q 1/04 the devices being headlights
• CPC Class Codes: B60Q 1/268 on windscreens or windows B60Q1/302 takes precedence; lighting devices for vehicle interior on or for windows B60Q3/208
• CPC Class Codes: B60Q 1/44 for indicating braking action or preparation for braking, e.g. by detection of the foot approaching the brake pedal
• CPC Class Codes: B60Q 3/208 Sun roofs; Windows
• CPC Class Codes: B60Q 3/54 Lighting devices embedded in interior trim, e.g. in roof liners
• CPC Class Codes: B60Q 3/62 using light guides
• CPC Class Codes: B60Q 3/64 for a single lighting device
• CPC Class Codes: F21S 41/24 Light guides
• CPC Class Codes: F21S 43/14 Light emitting diodes [LED]
• CPC Class Codes: F21S 43/237 rod-shaped
• CPC Class Codes: F21S 43/241 of complex shape
• CPC Class Codes: F21S 43/245 emitting light from one or more of its major surfaces
• CPC Class Codes: F21S 43/247 with a single light source being coupled into the light guide
• CPC Class Codes: F21S 43/251 the light guides being used to transmit light from remote light sources
• CPC Class Codes: F21S 43/27 Attachment thereof
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/001 the light being emitted along at least a portion of the lateral surface of the fibre
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/3608 Fibre wiring boards, i.e. where fibres are embedded or attached in a pattern on or to a substrate, e.g. flexible sheets optical ribbon cables in support members G02B6/4401

Abstract

A lighting system may include one or more light sources and one or more light guides. A lighting system may be integrated into a window, a skylight, an exterior light such as a headlight, a tail light, or a high center-mounted stop light, or other exterior or interior portions of a system such as a vehicle. The light guide may be embedded in an adhesive layer in a vehicle structure. The light guide may be index-matched to the adhesive layer so that unilluminated portions of the light guide are indistinguishable from the vehicle structure. The light guide may be formed from optical fibers. The optical fibers may include a light-scattering optical fiber that scatters light out of the vehicle structure. The light-scattering optical fiber may be fused to a non-scattering optical fiber that guides light from a light source to the light-scattering optical fiber.

Claims

1. An illumination system, comprising:

first and second layers, wherein at least the first layer is transparent;

a polymer layer interposed between the first and second layers, wherein the polymer layer attaches the first layer to the second layer;

an optical fiber embedded in the polymer layer; and

a light source that emits light into the optical fiber, wherein the optical fiber has light extraction features that cause the light to scatter outwards through the first layer.

2. The illumination system defined in claim 1 wherein the first and second layers each comprise glass.

3. The illumination system defined in claim 1 further comprising an additional optical fiber that is free of light extraction features, wherein the additional optical fiber guides the light from the light source to the optical fiber.

4. The illumination system defined in claim 3 wherein the optical fiber and the additional optical fiber are fused together.

5. The illumination system defined in claim 3 wherein the additional optical fiber and the second layer are transparent and wherein objects on one side of the illumination system are viewable from an opposing side of the illumination system through the first layer, the polymer layer, the additional optical fiber, and the second layer.

6. The illumination system defined in claim 3 wherein the optical fiber forms an illuminated loop.

7. The illumination system defined in claim 3 wherein the optical fiber has a first tapered region and the additional optical fiber has a second tapered region, wherein the first and second tapered regions are fused together to form an optical coupler that couples the light from the additional optical fiber into the optical fiber.

8. The illumination system defined in claim 3 wherein the optical fiber has a reflective end that reflects the light back through the optical fiber.

9. The illumination system defined in claim 1 wherein the polymer layer comprises polyvinyl butyral.

10. The illumination system defined in claim 1 wherein the polymer layer has a first index of refraction, wherein the optical fiber has a second index of refraction, and wherein the second index of refraction is within five percent of the first index of refraction.

11. A vehicle, comprising:

a body;

a window mounted in the body; and

an illumination system having a light guide embedded in the window, wherein the light guide is indistinguishable from the window when the illumination system is unilluminated.

12. The vehicle defined in claim 11 wherein the light guide comprises first and second optical fibers, wherein the illumination system comprises a light source that emits light into the first optical fiber, wherein the first optical fiber guides the light to the second optical fiber, and wherein the second optical fiber provides the light to an interior of the vehicle when the illumination system is illuminated.

13. The vehicle defined in claim 12 wherein the second optical fiber has light extraction features that cause the light to escape the second optical fiber towards the interior of the vehicle, and wherein the first optical fiber is free of light extraction features.

14. The vehicle defined in claim 13 wherein objects outside of the vehicle are viewable through the window and the first optical fiber when the illumination system is illuminated.

15. A vehicle, comprising:

a body;

a vehicle structure mounted to the body, wherein the vehicle structure comprises a layer of adhesive and a transparent layer; and

an exterior lighting system mounted to the body, wherein the exterior lighting system comprises an optical fiber in the layer of adhesive and wherein the optical fiber scatters light through the transparent layer to illuminate an exterior area of the vehicle.

16. The vehicle defined in claim 15 wherein the exterior lighting system forms part of a light selected from the group consisting of:

a headlight, a tail light, and a center high-mounted stop light.

17. The vehicle defined in claim 15 wherein the layer of adhesive has a first index of refraction, wherein the optical fiber has a second index of refraction, and wherein the second index of refraction is within five percent of the first index of refraction.

18. The vehicle defined in claim 15 wherein the exterior lighting system comprises a light source and an additional optical fiber, wherein the additional optical fiber is fused to the optical fiber, and wherein the additional optical fiber guides light from the light source to the optical fiber.