Systems and methods for near resonant wireless power and data transfer

• US 10,243,389 B2
• Filed: 03/27/2015
• Issued: 03/26/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 03/27/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Goodrich Corporation (Raytheon Technologies Corporation d/b/a RTX)
• Original Assignee: Goodrich Corporation (Raytheon Technologies Corporation d/b/a RTX)
• Inventors: Summers, Paul L., Leaves, Perry, Stein, Eric
• Primary Examiner(s): Gannon, Levi
• Application Number:
  US14/671,891
• Publication Number:
  US 20160285300A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,460 Days
• Field of Search: 307104
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/12 of the resonant type
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/80 involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00034 Charger exchanging data with an electronic device, i.e. telephone, whose internal battery is under charge
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/06 using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices

Abstract

A distributed sensing system is provided. The system may have a primary portion and a distributed sensing portion separated by an air gap. The primary portion and the distributed sensing portion may be inductively coupled by a transformer having a primary coil and a secondary coil. A controller may direct a power supply to drive the primary coil with a driving waveform. The controller may vary a frequency of the driving waveform to substantially equal a resonant frequency of the transformer. The controller may monitor the power transfer between the primary coil and the secondary coil and may vary the frequency of the driving waveform in response. In this manner, the amount of power transferred from the primary coil to the secondary coil may be optimized in response to the controller substantially matching the driving waveform to the resonant frequency of the transformer.

Claims

1. A method of monitoring tire pressure of an aircraft, the method comprising:

exciting a primary coil of a transformer with a driving waveform comprising an alternating current, wherein the primary coil is mounted to a non-rotating structure of the aircraft;

coupling, by the transformer, the alternating current to a secondary coil in response to the exciting, wherein the secondary coil is mounted to a wheel of the aircraft, wherein a distance between the primary coil and the secondary coil varies in response to at least one of mechanical load, mechanical shifting, and mechanical vibrations relative to one or both of the non-rotating structure and the wheel;

monitoring, by an effectivity monitor physically and electrically coupled to the secondary coil, an efficiency of a coupling between the primary coil and the secondary coil;

communicating, by the effectivity monitor, data representative of a magnitude of at least one of the alternating current and a load to a controller;

directing, by the controller, a power supply to change a frequency of the driving waveform in response to the data;

maximizing, by the controller, at least one of the alternating current coupled to the secondary coil and the load on the primary coil in response to the directing.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the effectivity monitor comprises a sense resistor connected in physical electrical communication to the secondary coil.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the primary coil comprises a parallel inductor-capacitor (LC) circuit.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the secondary coil comprises a parallel inductor-capacitor (LC) circuit.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the driving waveform further comprises data.

6. A tire pressure monitoring system of an aircraft, the tire pressure monitoring system comprising:

a primary portion mounted to a non-rotating structure of the aircraft, the primary portion comprising;

a power supply configured to generate a carrier of a driving waveform;

a transmitter configured to generate a modulation of the driving waveform;

a controller configured to set a frequency of the carrier of the driving waveform;

a primary coil comprising a resonant circuit in electrical connection to the transmitter and the controller and configured to receive the driving waveform and generate an electromagnetic field; and

a distributed sensing portion mounted to a wheel of the aircraft, the distributed sensing portion comprising;

a sensor capable of monitoring a parameter;

a secondary coil comprising a resonant circuit in electrical connection to the sensor and configured to be connected in inductive communication to the primary coil by the electromagnetic field; and

an effectivity monitor in physical and electrical connection to the secondary coil, wherein the effectivity monitor is configured to evaluate an efficiency of the inductive communication between the primary coil and the secondary coil;

wherein the controller sets the frequency of the carrier of the driving waveform in correspondence to a resonant frequency of at least one of the primary coil and the secondary coil, wherein the resonant frequency is dependent upon variations in a distance between the primary portion and the distributed sensing portion in response to varying mechanical load on at least one of the non-rotating structure and the wheel.

7. The tire pressure monitoring system according to claim 6, wherein the sensor communicates sensed data to the secondary coil, whereby the sensed data is communicated to the controller by the primary coil connected in inductive communication to the secondary coil.

8. The tire pressure monitoring system according to claim 6, wherein the effectivity monitor comprises a sense resistor connected in physical and electrical communication to the secondary coil, whereby the controller may monitor at least one of a voltage and a current in the secondary coil to determine the resonant frequency of at least one of the primary coil and the secondary coil.

9. The tire pressure monitoring system according to claim 8, the effectivity monitor comprising a voltage sensor configured to determine a potential difference across at least a portion of the secondary coil to determine the resonant frequency of at least one of the primary coil and the secondary coil.

10. The tire pressure monitoring system according to claim 9, wherein the voltage sensor comprises a resistor.

11. The tire pressure monitoring system according to claim 6, wherein the primary coil comprising a resonant circuit comprises a parallel inductor-capacitor (LC) circuit.

12. The tire pressure monitoring system according to claim 6, wherein the secondary coil comprising a resonant circuit comprises a parallel inductor-capacitor (LC) circuit.