Ground-shifted touch input sensor for capacitively driving an electrostatic plate

• US 10,248,211 B1
• Filed: 09/28/2017
• Issued: 04/02/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 09/28/2017
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Inventors: Van Ausdall, Terrence L., Emgin, Senem E., Kim, Soyoung, Moynihan, Ryan J., Liu, YiBo
• Primary Examiner(s): Bolotin, Dmitriy
• Application Number:
  US15/719,326
• Publication Number:
  US 20190094970A1
• Time in Patent Office: 551 Days
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2203/04107 Shielding in digitiser, i.e. guard or shielding arrangements, mostly for capacitive touchscreens, e.g. driven shields, driven grounds
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/016 Input arrangements with force or tactile feedback as computer generated output to the user
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0416 Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/044 by capacitive means
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0445 using two or more layers of sensing electrodes, e.g. using two layers of electrodes separated by a dielectric layer

Abstract

An input/output interface for an electronic device receives touch and/or force input and, additionally provides haptic output to a user. In particular the input/output interface is operated in conjunction with an input surface and includes at least one input sensor and at least one haptic output element. In typical embodiments, the input sensor is ground-shifted to prevent damage to the input sensor when the haptic output element is driven.

Claims

1. An electronic device comprising:

an interface surface configured to receive a user input;

an input sensor positioned below the interface surface;

a haptic output element capacitively coupled to the input sensor and positioned above the input sensor and below the interface surface; and

a controller configured to ground-shift the input sensor to drive the haptic output element.

2. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the input sensor is a capacitive touch input sensor.

3. The electronic device of claim 2, wherein the capacitive touch input sensor comprises a piezoelectric body.

4. The electronic device of claim 3, wherein the piezoelectric body separates a first set of electrodes from a second set of electrodes.

5. The electronic device of claim 3, wherein the controller is configured to apply a high voltage signal to the piezoelectric body to generate a localized haptic output through the interface surface.

6. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the haptic output element comprises a high-resistivity sheet.

7. The electronic device of claim 6, further comprising:

a cover positioned over the input sensor;

wherein

the high-resistivity sheet is disposed on the cover.

8. The electronic device of claim 6, further comprising an outer layer disposed over the high-resistivity sheet.

9. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein shifting the input sensor comprises:

providing a shifted ground to the input sensor; and

providing a shifted voltage source to the input sensor.

10. The electronic device of claim 9, wherein the shifted ground and the shifted voltage source are separated by a substantially constant direct current bias.

11. The electronic device of claim 9, wherein the shifted ground and the shifted voltage source are configured to follow a waveform corresponding to a haptic feedback instruction received by the controller.

12. An electronic device comprising:

a system voltage source;

a system ground;

a substrate defining an interface surface;

a touch input sensor positioned below the substrate and conductively decoupled from the system voltage source and the system ground, the touch input sensor comprising;

a local voltage source; and

a local ground;

a conductive layer disposed on the substrate, conductively decoupled from the system voltage source and the system ground, and capacitively coupled to the touch input sensor; and

a controller configured to modulate the local voltage source and the local ground of the touch input sensor to drive the conductive layer to a high voltage.

13. The electronic device of claim 12, wherein the conductive layer comprises a high-resistivity sheet.

14. The electronic device of claim 12, wherein the substrate, the touch input sensor, and the conductive layer are optically transparent.

15. The electronic device of claim 12, further comprising a display positioned below the touch input sensor.

16. The electronic device of claim 12, wherein driving the conductive layer to a high voltage produces a haptic output through the interface surface.

17. The electronic device of claim 12, wherein the touch input sensor comprises a piezoelectric body.

18. The electronic device of claim 17, wherein the touch input sensor further comprises a first set of electrodes disposed on a first surface of the piezoelectric body and a second set of electrodes disposed on a second surface of the piezoelectric body.

19. A method of providing haptic output with a touch input sensor, the method comprising:

receiving a haptic feedback instruction;

increasing a local ground of the touch input sensor based on the haptic feedback instruction; and

increasing a local voltage source of the touch input sensor based on the haptic feedback instruction.

20. The method of claim 19, further comprising modulating the local ground and the local voltage source based on the haptic feedback instruction.