Medication management and reporting technology

• US 10,282,521 B2
• Filed: 11/09/2017
• Issued: 05/07/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 04/04/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Alarm.com Inc. (Alarm.com Holdings, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Alarm.com Inc. (Alarm.com Holdings, Inc.)
• Inventors: Hanson, Mark Andrew, Manson, Elizabeth Leslie
• Primary Examiner(s): Alam, Mirza F
• Application Number:
  US15/808,688
• Publication Number:
  US 20180068086A1
• Time in Patent Office: 544 Days
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2505/07 Home care
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0242 adapted to measure environmental factors, e.g. temperature, pollution
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1113 Local tracking of patients, e.g. in a hospital or private home
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1128 using image analysis A61B5/1127 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4833 Assessment of subject's compliance to treatment
• CPC Class Codes: A61G 12/00 Accommodation for nursing, e.g. in hospitals, not covered by groups A61G1/00 - A61G11/00, e.g. trolleys for transport of medicaments or food service or tea-tables, trolleys or wagons A47B31/00; Prescription lists
• CPC Class Codes: A61J 7/0069 Trays for holding or distributing medicines display trays A47F3/14; serving trays A47G23/06
• CPC Class Codes: A61J 7/0418 with electronic history memory
• CPC Class Codes: A61J 7/0427 with direct interaction with a dispensing or delivery system
• CPC Class Codes: A61J 7/0481 working on a schedule basis
• CPC Class Codes: A61J 7/049 automatically changing in response to a schedule deviation by the patient
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/10 Office automation; Time management
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 21/24 Reminder alarms, e.g. anti-loss alarms
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 23/00 Alarms responsive to unspecified undesired or abnormal conditions
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 20/10 relating to drugs or medications, e.g. for ensuring correct administration to patients
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 20/13 delivered from dispensers
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 40/63 for local operation

Abstract

Medication management and reporting technology, in which output from at least one sensor configured to sense physical activity in a building in which medication of a patient is located is monitored and a determination is made to capture one or more images of the medication based on the monitoring. A camera is used to capture an image of the medication and the captured image is analyzed to detect a state of the medication. Information regarding a schedule by which the medication should be taken by the patient is accessed and an expected state of the medication is determined. The detected state is compared with the expected state and a determination is made that the patient has departed from the schedule based on the comparison revealing that the detected state does not match the expected state. A message indicating the departure from the schedule is sent based on the determination.

Claims

1. A system comprising:

at least one processor; and

at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor having stored thereon instructions which, when executed by the at least one processor, causes the at least one processor to perform operations comprising;

detecting a departure by a patient from a schedule of medication consumption events based on output from at least one sensor within a property in which the patient is located;

based on the detection of the departure by the patient from the schedule of medication consumption events;

determining a dosage of medication taken by the patient,

comparing the dosage of medication taken by the patient with a reference table that comprises a list of potentially dangerous combinations of medications,

computing a difference between the dosage of medication taken by the patient and the list of potentially dangerous combinations of medications,

determining a degree of departure by the patient from the schedule of medication consumption events based on the difference between the dosage of medication taken by the patient and the list of potentially dangerous combinations of medications,

determining past medication consumption history of the patient, and

determining activity of at least one of the patient or another person associated with the patient that indicates a proximity of at least one of the patient or another person associated with the patient to a medication in the property required for the patient to consume based on the schedule of medication consumption events; and

handling reporting of the detection of the departure by the patient based on the determined degree of departure, the determined past medication consumption history, and the determined activity of at least one of the patient or another person associated with the patient.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein determining the degree of departure by the patient from the schedule of medication consumption events comprises evaluating how much the patient has departed from the schedule of medication consumption events.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein determining the degree of departure by the patient from the schedule of medication consumption events comprises determining the degree of departure in terms of at least one of an amount of time associated with the departure, an amount of medication associated with the departure, or a combination of medications taken in the departure.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein determining the degree of departure in terms of at least one of an amount of time associated with the departure, an amount of medication associated with the departure, or a combination of medications taken in the departure comprises determining the degree of departure in terms of an amount of time associated with the departure.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein determining the degree of departure in terms of an amount of time associated with the departure comprises:

determining how late the patient is in taking the dosage of medication or how early the patient was in taking the dosage of medication; and

determining a degree of departure based on how late the patient is in taking the dosage of medication or how early the patient was in taking the dosage of medication.

6. The system of claim 3, wherein determining the degree of departure in terms of at least one of an amount of time associated with the departure, an amount of medication associated with the departure, or a combination of medications taken in the departure comprises determining the degree of departure in terms of an amount of medication associated with the departure.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein determining the degree of departure in terms of the amount of medication associated with the departure comprises:

comparing the dosage of medication taken by the patient with the dosage of medication the patient was scheduled to take;

computing a difference between the dosage of medication taken by the patient and the dosage of medication the patient was scheduled to take; and

determining a degree of departure based on the difference between the dosage of medication taken by the patient and the dosage of medication the patient was scheduled to take.

8. The system of claim 3, wherein determining the degree of departure in terms of at least one of an amount of time associated with the departure, an amount of medication associated with the departure, or a combination of medications taken in the departure comprises determining the degree of departure in terms of a combination of medications taken in the departure.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein determining the degree of departure in terms of the combination of medications taken in the departure comprises:

determining a combination of medications taken by the patient;

comparing the combination of medications taken by the patient with a combination of medications the patient was scheduled to take;

identifying a difference between the combination of medications taken by the patient and the combination of medications the patient was scheduled to take; and

determining a degree of departure based on the difference between the combination of medications taken by the patient and the combination of medications the patient was scheduled to take.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein determining past medication consumption history of the patient comprises monitoring, over time, how closely the patient has followed a schedule of medication consumption events in the past and determining, based on the monitoring, whether the patient strictly follows the schedule of medication consumption events, generally follows the schedule of medication consumption events, or consistently fails to follow the schedule of medication consumption events.

11. The system of claim 1, wherein determining activity of at least one of the patient or another person associated with the patient comprises determining activity of another person associated with the patient.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein determining activity of at least one of the patient or another person associated with the patient comprises determining activity of the patient and another person associated with the patient.

13. The system of claim 1, wherein determining activity of at least one of the patient or another person associated with the patient comprises monitoring, based on sensor data from at least one sensor within the property in which the patient is located, activity of at least one of the patient or another person associated with the patient within the property.

14. The system of claim 1, wherein determining activity of at least one of the patient or another person associated with the patient comprises monitoring activity of at least one of the patient or another person associated with the patient outside of the property.

15. The system of claim 1, wherein handling reporting of the detection of the departure by the patient comprises performing a tiered alerting process that is used to determine a destination or type of an alert based on the determined degree of departure, the determined past medication consumption history, and the determined activity of at least one of the patient or another person associated with the patient.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein performing the tiered alerting process that is used to determine the destination or type of the alert comprises providing one or more in-property or remote alerts depending on the determined degree of departure, the determined past medication consumption history, and the determined activity of at least one of the patient or another person associated with the patient.

17. The system of claim 16, wherein providing one or more in-property or remote alerts depending on the determined degree of departure, the determined past medication consumption history, and the determined activity of at least one of the patient or another person associated with the patient comprises initially providing an in-property alert based on the degree of departure being relatively low, the patient frequently missing medication consumption events, and activity being detected within the property.

18. The system of claim 17, wherein providing one or more in-property or remote alerts depending on the determined degree of departure, the determined past medication consumption history, and the determined activity of at least one of the patient or another person associated with the patient comprises:

determining that a medication consumption event in the schedule of medication consumption events has not been completed within a threshold period of time after providing the in-property alert; and

based on the determination that the medication consumption event in the schedule of medication consumption events has not been completed within the threshold period of time after providing the in-property alert, providing a remote alert to a remote caregiver or monitoring station.

19. The system of claim 16, wherein providing one or more in-property or remote alerts depending on the determined degree of departure, the determined past medication consumption history, and the determined activity of at least one of the patient or another person associated with the patient comprises foregoing an in-property alert and immediately providing a remote alert to a remote caregiver or monitoring station based on the degree of departure being relatively serious, the patient having strictly complied with the schedule of medication consumption events in the past, and a lack of activity being detected within the property.