Energy storage system charger wake-up

• US 10,291,040 B2
• Filed: 03/03/2015
• Issued: 05/14/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 03/03/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: LG Energy Solution Vertech Incorporated, Eversight, Inc. (Maplebear Inc.)
• Original Assignee: NEC Energy Solutions, Inc.
• Inventors: Tremelling, Gregory, Kerbel, Oleg, Maltsev, Yevgeny, Amit, Ron
• Primary Examiner(s): Pelton, Nathaniel R
• Application Number:
  US14/636,534
• Publication Number:
  US 20160261126A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,533 Days
• Field of Search: 320139
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/425 Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing printed circuits H05K1/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/4257 Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/441 for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/482 for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00302 Overcharge protection
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00306 Overdischarge protection
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0031 using battery or load disconnect circuits H02J9/002 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00711 with introduction of pulses during the charging process
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/007182 in response to battery voltage
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 17/6874 in a symmetrical configuration
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

In an embodiment, an energy storage system includes one or more storage cells, charge/discharge circuitry, and charger wakeup circuitry. After the storage cells become depleted below an energy level threshold, the charge/discharge circuitry disconnects the storage cells from a main circuit associated with the storage system. The charger wakeup circuitry allows a limited amount of current to bypass the charge/discharge circuitry in order to present a current-limited voltage from the storage cells at the terminals. The voltage presented at the terminals is pulsed on and off when an external device is connected across the terminals. The voltage presented to the terminals is detected by the external device. After detecting the voltage, the external device performs an operation in response to detecting the condition.

Claims

1. An apparatus comprising:

at least one storage cell;

multiple terminals operable to output energy from the at least one storage cell;

control circuitry to monitor a level of energy stored in the at least one storage cell;

a discharge switch disposed in a circuit path between the at least one storage cell and a first terminal of the multiple terminals, the control circuitry operable to control a state of the discharge switch to an OFF state in response to detecting that the level of energy is below a threshold value, the OFF state of the discharge switch preventing current to flow from the at least one storage cell through the discharge switch to the first terminal;

a bypass circuit to provide a limited current to flow from the at least one storage cell to the first terminal during a condition in which the discharge switch is controlled to the OFF state; and

a charge switch controlled by the control circuitry, the charge switch operable to convey current received at the first terminal to the at least one storage cell;

wherein the bypass circuit is connected to a circuit node coupling the charge switch to the discharge switch; and

wherein the charge switch is disposed in series with the discharge switch.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the bypass circuit is operable to provide the limited current from the at least one storage cell to the first terminal to cause a charging device to charge the at least one storage cell.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the limited current results in a steady voltage to appear across the multiple terminals.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the limited current results in voltage pulses to appear across the multiple terminals.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein a duty cycle of the voltage pulses is based on a magnitude of a resistance of a charger device coupled to the multiple terminals.

6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein a pulse width of the voltage pulses is based on a magnitude of a resistance of a charger device coupled to the multiple terminals.

7. The apparatus as in claim 1, wherein the limited current causes a voltage to appear at the output terminals, the voltage presented at the output terminals for sensing by a charger coupled to the output terminals, the charger operable to charge the at least one storage cell in response to detecting the voltage at the output terminals.

8. The apparatus as in claim 1, wherein the bypass circuit is disposed in parallel with the discharge switch.

9. The apparatus as in claim 1, wherein the control circuitry is operable to control the charge switch to an ON state subsequent to controlling the discharge switch to the OFF state.

10. The apparatus as in claim 1, wherein the bypass circuit produces the limited current to notify a charger to charge the at least one storage cell.

11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first terminal is operable to receive charge from a charging device in response to the bypass circuit providing the limited current flow to the first terminal.

12. The apparatus as in claim 1, wherein a duration of time in which the bypass circuit provides the limited current to flow to the first terminal depends on an amount of current drawn by an external device coupled to the first terminal.

13. The apparatus as in claim 1, wherein the discharge switch is disposed in series between the charge switch and the at least one storage cell.

14. The apparatus as in claim 1, wherein the bypass circuit includes a switch to convey the limited current from the at least one storage cell to the first terminal.

15. The apparatus as in claim 1, wherein the multiple terminals are operable to output the energy from the at least one storage cell to an external load coupled to the multiple terminals when the discharge switch is controlled to an ON state.

16. The apparatus as in claim 1, wherein a combination of the at least one storage cell, the multiple terminals, the control circuitry, the discharge switch, and the bypass circuit is an energy storage system through which the at least one storage cell is chargeable via a charging device coupled to the multiple terminals.

17. A method comprising:

monitoring a level of energy stored in at least one storage cell;

detecting that the energy stored in the at least one storage cell is below an energy threshold level;

controlling a state of a discharge switch to an OFF state in response to detecting that the level of energy is below the energy threshold level, the OFF state of the discharge switch preventing current to flow from the at least one storage cell through the discharge switch to a first output terminal;

controlling a bypass circuit to provide a limited current to flow from the at least one storage cell to the first terminal during a condition in which the discharge switch is controlled to the OFF state;

temporarily terminating the flow of the limited current; and

resuming generation of the limited current through the bypass circuit to the first output terminal after a time delay.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the limited current results in presentation of voltage pulses at the output terminals.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein a duty cycle of the voltage pulses is dependent on a resistance of a device coupled to the output terminals.

20. The method of claim 18, wherein a pulse width of the voltage pulses is dependent on a resistance of a device coupled to the output terminals.

21. The method of claim 17, wherein the limited current results in presentation of a steady voltage at the output terminals.

22. The method as in claim 17 further comprising:

receiving charge from a charger device coupled of the first terminal during a condition in which the discharge switch is controlled to the OFF state; and

conveying the received charge to the at least one storage cell.

23. A system comprising:

an energy storage system to store energy;

output terminals to convey the energy from the energy storage system as an output voltage to an external device;

control circuitry to monitor a level of energy stored in the energy storage system;

a discharge switch disposed in a circuit path between the energy storage system and a first terminal of the output terminals, the control circuitry operable to control a state of the discharge switch to an OFF state in response to detecting that the level of energy is below a threshold value, the OFF state of the discharge switch preventing current to flow from the energy storage system through the discharge switch to the first terminal;

a bypass circuit to provide a limited current to flow from the energy storage system to the first terminal of the output terminals during a condition in which the level of the energy stored in the energy storage system is below the threshold value, the limited current resulting in presentation of the output voltage at the output terminals;

a charge switch controlled by the control circuitry, the charge switch operable to convey current received at the first terminal to the energy storage system;

wherein the bypass circuit is connected to a circuit node coupling the charge switch to the discharge switch; and

wherein the charge switch is disposed in series with the discharge switch.

24. The system of claim 23, wherein the output voltage at the output terminals includes voltage pulses.

25. The system of claim 24, wherein a duty cycle of the voltage pulses is dependent on a magnitude of a resistance of the charger.

26. The system of claim 24, wherein a pulse width of the voltage pulses is dependent on a magnitude of a resistance of the charger.