System and method for diagnosis and treatment of a breathing pattern of a patient

• US 10,384,024 B2
• Filed: 08/02/2017
• Issued: 08/20/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 08/14/2003
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: New York University
• Original Assignee: New York University
• Inventors: Rapoport, David M., Norman, Robert G.
• Primary Examiner(s): Natnithithadha, Navin
• Application Number:
  US15/667,380
• Publication Number:
  US 20170326316A1
• Time in Patent Office: 748 Days
• Field of Search: 600529-543
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0205 Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/021 Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels A61B5/0205 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/024 Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate A61B5/0205, A61B5/021 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0816 Measuring devices for examining respiratory frequency measuring frequency of electric signals G01R23/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0826 Detecting or evaluating apnoea events A61B5/4818 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/087 Measuring breath flow
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/369 Electroencephalography [EEG] devices for psychotechnics A61B5/16
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4809 Sleep detection, i.e. determining whether a subject is asleep or not
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4812 Detecting sleep stages or cycles
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4818 Sleep apnoea
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4836 Diagnosis combined with treatment in closed-loop systems or methods A61B5/0036 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7267 involving training the classification device
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7282 Event detection, e.g. detecting unique waveforms indicative of a medical condition A61B5/4094, A61B5/4818, A61B5/349, A61B5/0823 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0003 Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0066 Blowers or centrifugal pumps
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0069 the speed thereof being controlled by respiratory parameters, e.g. by inhalation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/026 specially adapted for predicting, e.g. for determining an information representative of a flow limitation during a ventilation cycle by using a root square technique or a regression analysis
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/06 Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0021 with a proportional output signal, e.g. from a thermistor
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0027 pressure meter
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/003 : with a flowmeter
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0033 : electrical
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0039 : in the inspiratory circuit
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0042 : in the expiratory circuit
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3334 : Measuring or controlling the flow rate
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3344 : Measuring or controlling pressure at the body treatment site
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2230/04 : Heartbeat characteristics, e.g. ECG, blood pressure modulation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2230/10 : Electroencephalographic signals
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2230/18 : Rapid eye-movements [REM]
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2230/30 : Blood pressure A61M2230/04 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2230/42 : Rate
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 50/70 : for mining of medical data, e.g. analysing previous cases of other patients
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 128/925 : Neural network

Abstract

Described is a system including a sensor and a processing arrangement. The sensor measures data corresponding to a patient'"'"'s breathing patterns. The processing arrangement analyzes the breathing patterns to determine whether the breathing patterns are indicative of a REM sleep state. In another embodiment, the processing arrangement analyzes the breathing patterns to determine whether the breathing patterns are indicative of one of the following states: (i) a wake state and (ii) a sleep state. In another embodiment, a neural network analyzes the data to determine whether the breathing patterns are indicative of one of the following states: (i) a REM sleep state, (ii) a wake state and (iii) a sleep state. In another embodiment, the processing arrangement analyzes the data to determine whether the breathing pattern is indicative of an arousal.

Claims

1. A positive airway pressure system for delivery of a flow of breathable gas at a positive treatment pressure with respect to ambient air pressure delivered to an entrance of a patient'"'"'s airways in order to assist in treating a sleeping disorder in a patient, the positive airway pressure system comprising:

a flow generator which supplies a positive treatment pressure flow of breathable gases to be supplied to a patient;

a flow sensor located in a flow path of the positive treatment pressure flow of breathable gases, the flow sensor measuring data corresponding to the flow of breathable gases directed to the patient and indicative of the patient'"'"'s breathing patterns; and

a processing arrangement which receives the measured data corresponding to the flow of breathable gases from the flow sensor and analyzes the data to determine the patient'"'"'s breathing patterns, the processing arrangement also determines whether to alter the pressure supplied by the flow generator to the airway of the patient based, at least in part, on the determined breathing patterns of the patient, wherein the processing arrangement automatically delays the onset of a pressure increase to the patient when the processing arrangement determines that the patient is in an awake state, wherein the delay lasts at least until the processing arrangement determines that the patient is in an asleep state.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein when the processing arrangement determines during an asleep state that the patient is experiencing an elevated upper airway resistance, the processing arrangement increases the pressure applied to the airway of the patient.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein when the processing arrangement determines during an asleep state that the patient is experiencing a hypopnea event, the processing arrangement increases the pressure applied to the airway of the patient.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein when the processing arrangement determines during an asleep state that the patient is experiencing an apnea event, the processing arrangement increases the pressure applied to the airway of the patient.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein when the processing arrangement determines that the patient has transitioned to an awake state from an asleep state, the processing arrangement lowers the pressure applied to the airway of the patient.

6. The system of claim 5, wherein the awake state is a troubled wakefulness state.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the pressure is increased using a ramp system.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the processing arrangement determines that the patient is in an asleep state when the breathing pattern is a period of regular breathing.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the processing arrangement determines that the patient is in an asleep state when the breathing pattern indicates a pattern of hypopnea events.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein the processing arrangement determines that the patient is in an asleep state when the breathing pattern indicates a pattern of obstructive apnea events.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein the pattern of apnea events is at least three obstructive apnea events.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein when the processing arrangement determines that the patient has transitioned between at least an awake state and an asleep state and is experiencing a hypopnea event, the processing arrangement automatically increases the pressure to a treatment pressure.

13. The system of claim 1, wherein when the processing arrangement determines that the patient has transitioned between at least an awake state and an asleep state and is experiencing an apnea event, the processing arrangement automatically increases the pressure to a treatment pressure.

14. The system of claim 1, wherein when the processing arrangement determines that the patient has transitioned between at least an awake state and an asleep state and is experiencing elevated upper airway resistance, the processing arrangement automatically increases the pressure to at least a first treatment pressure.