Portable pulse measuring device

• US 10,426,360 B2
• Filed: 05/15/2014
• Issued: 10/01/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 05/15/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: PulseOn Oy
• Original Assignee: PulseOn Oy
• Inventors: Nousiainen, Jari, Korhonen, Ilkka
• Primary Examiner(s): Yen, Jason T
• Application Number:
  US14/891,357
• Publication Number:
  US 20160081567A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,965 Days
• Field of Search: None
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0209 adapted for power saving
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/024 Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate A61B5/0205, A61B5/021 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02416 using photoplethysmograph signals, e.g. generated by infrared radiation A61B5/14552 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02427 Details of sensor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02433 for infrared radiation
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02438 with portable devices, e.g. worn by the patient
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0261 using optical means, e.g. infrared light
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0295 using plethysmography, i.e. measuring the variations in the volume of a body part as modified by the circulation of blood therethrough, e.g. impedance plethysmography
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14551 for measuring blood gases
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7203 for noise prevention, reduction or removal
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7207 of noise induced by motion artifacts
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7221 Determining signal validity, reliability or quality A61B5/7207 and A61B5/7217 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/726 using Wavelet transforms

Abstract

A portable pulse measuring device having a lighting configuration having at least three elements selected from a light-emitting source for emitting radiant energy through a human body tissue and a light detector for detecting the intensity of said radiant energy after propagation through the human body tissue and for providing input signals representative of the propagation. The lighting configuration includes at least one light-emitting source and at least one light detector. A processor is provided for determining pulse rate in response to processing the input signals. The elements in the lighting configuration are arranged in the portable pulse measuring device in a configuration where the light-emitting sources in the lighting configuration are asymmetrically disposed in relation to the light detectors in the lighting configuration.

Claims

1. A portable pulse measuring device, comprising:

a lighting configuration comprising at least two light-emitting sources for emitting radiant energy through a human body tissue and two light detectors for detecting the intensity of said radiant energy from the two light-emitting sources after propagation through the human body tissue and for providing input signals representative of said propagation, wherein the at least two light-emitting sources comprise a first light-emitting source emitting green or blue light and a second light-emitting source emitting red or infrared light for determining pulse rate; and

processing means configured to determine pulse rate in response to processing the input signals;

wherein elements in the lighting configuration are arranged in the portable pulse measuring device in a configuration where a first light detector and a second light detector and the first light-emitting source are disposed substantially along a first axis, the first light-emitting source being disposed between the first and second light detectors, and the first light-emitting source and the second light-emitting source are disposed along a second axis differing from the first axis and wherein the distances from the first light-emitting source to the two light detectors differ from each other and the distances from the second light-emitting source to the two light detectors differ from each other; and

wherein wavelengths of the at least two light-emitting sources and the distances from the first light-emitting source to the two light detectors and the distances from the second light-emitting source to the two light detectors have been chosen to enable measurement of a variety of measurement depths in the human body tissue, providing sensitivity to blood flow, and insensitivity against to movement artefacts in varying conditions.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the first light-emitting source emits green light and the second light-emitting source emits infrared light, wherein distance between the center of the first light detector and the first light-emitting source is between 2.0 mm and 4.0 mm, the distance between the center of the second light detector and the first light-emitting source is between 4.0 mm and 6.0 mm the distance between the center of the first light detector and the second light-emitting source is between 4.0 mm and 6.0 mm, and the distance between the center of the second light detector and the second light-emitting source is between 6.5 mm and 8.5 mm.

3. The device according to claim 1, further comprising blocking means for blocking direct light leakage from the light-emitting sources to the light detectors.

4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the processing means is configured to:

determine whether a channel comprising a specific light detector detecting radiant energy from a specific light-emitting source exceeds a first reliability factor threshold, the reliability factor indicating an estimate of the reliability of the heart rate reading for the channel; and

select a channel having a reliability factor above the first reliability factor threshold.

5. The device according to claim 4, wherein the processing means is configured to:

select a channel having the highest reliability factor.

6. The device according to claim 4, wherein the processing means is configured to:

select a channel having the lowest power consumption.

7. The device according to claim 4, wherein the processing means is configured to:

shut operating power from at least one channel not selected.

8. The device according to claim 4, wherein the processing means is configured to:

reduce light intensity of the light-emitting source of the selected channel so that the reliability factor of the selected channel exceeds the first reliability factor threshold.

9. The device according to claim 4, wherein the processing means is configured to:

increase light intensity of the light emitting source of the selected channel so that the reliability factor of the selected channel exceeds the first reliability factor threshold.

10. The device according to claim 7, wherein the processing means is configured to:

determine that the reliability factor of a channel is below the first reliability factor threshold;

power on at least one channel the operating power of which was earlier shut down;

determine the reliability factor again for one or more channels; and

reselect a channel having the reliability factor above the first reliability factor threshold, or having the reliability factor above the first reliability factor threshold and the lowest power consumption.

11. The device according to claim 4, wherein the processing means is configured to:

determine that the reliability factor of a channel is below a second reliability factor threshold; and

shut down operating power from the channel.

12. The device according to claim 4, wherein the reliability factor is calculated as

SNR=∥

X_HR∥

/∥

X_nHR∥

where X_HR is the portion of the signal related to pulsative blood flow, X_nHR is the portion of the signal not related to pulsatile blood flow, and ∥

⋅

∥

is a signal norm operator.

13. A portable pulse measuring device, comprising:

a lighting configuration comprising at least two light-emitting sources for emitting radiant energy through a human body tissue and at least one light detector for detecting the intensity of said radiant energy after propagation through the human body tissue and for providing input signals representative of said propagation, wherein the at least two light-emitting sources comprise a first light-emitting source emitting green light and a second light-emitting source emitting infrared light for determining pulse rate;

processing means configured to determine pulse rate in response to processing the input signals;

wherein the elements in the lighting configuration are arranged in the portable pulse measuring device in a configuration where the distance from the first light-emitting source to a first light detector and the distance from the second light-emitting source to the first light detector differ from each other and wherein the distance between the center of the first light detector and the first light-emitting source is between 2.5 mm and 4.5 mm, and the distance between the center of the first light detector and the second light-emitting source is between 4.0 mm and 7.0 mm;

wherein wavelengths of the first and second light-emitting sources and the distance between the center of the first light detector and the first light-emitting source and the distance between the center of the first light detector and the second light-emitting source have been chosen to enable measurement of a variety of measurement depths in the human body tissue and providing sensitivity to blood flow and insensitivity against to movement artefacts in varying conditions.

14. The portable pulse measuring device according to claim 13, wherein the distance between the center of the first light detector and the first light-emitting source is about 3.6 mm.

15. The portable pulse measuring device according to claim 13, wherein the distance between the center of the first light detector and the second light-emitting source is about 6.0 mm.

16. The portable pulse measuring device according to claim 14, wherein the distance between the center of the first light detector and the second light-emitting source is about 6.0 mm.