Dialysis systems and related methods

• US 10,471,194 B2
• Filed: 11/07/2017
• Issued: 11/12/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 06/04/2002
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland GmbH (Fresenius Medical Care AG)
• Original Assignee: Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland GmbH (Fresenius Medical Care AG)
• Inventors: Beden, Josef, Hahmann, Uwe, Herklotz, Martin, Lauer, Martin, Manke, Joachim, Scheunert, Peter, Weis, Manfred, Bongers, Alexander
• Primary Examiner(s): Cecil, Terry K
• Application Number:
  US15/805,374
• Publication Number:
  US 20180117229A1
• Time in Patent Office: 735 Days
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/152 Details related to the interface between cassette and machine
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1524 the interface providing means for actuating on functional elements of the cassette, e.g. plungers
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/15632 the filter being a dialyser
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/16 with membranes
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1601 Control or regulation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1621 Constructional aspects thereof semi-permeable membranes for separation processes characterised by their properties B01D69/00; semi permeable membranes characterised by their material B01D71/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3401 Cassettes therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3496 Plasmapheresis; Leucopheresis; Lymphopheresis A61M1/3472 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3621 Extra-corporeal blood circuits single-needle circuits A61M1/30
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/362223 the interface being evacuated interfaces to enhance contact
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/36224 with sensing means or components thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/36225 with blood pumping means or components thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/362261 at least one cassette surface or portion thereof being flexible, e.g. the cassette having a rigid base portion with preformed channels and being covered with a foil
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/362264 the filter being a blood filter
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/362265 Details of valves
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/367 Circuit parts not covered by the preceding subgroups of group A61M1/3621
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2202/0413 Blood
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/12 with interchangeable cassettes forming partially or totally the fluid circuit
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/122 using evacuated interfaces to enhance contact
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/126 with incorporated membrane filters
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/128 : with incorporated valves
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3331 : Pressure; Flow
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/113 : in other functional devices, e.g. dialysers or heart-lung machines
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/268 : the displacement member being flexible, e.g. membranes, diaphragms or bladders
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/37 : Haemodialysis, haemofiltration or diafiltration
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/427 : the force acting on the blood contacting member being hydraulic or pneumatic
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/43 : using vacuum at the blood pump, e.g. to accelerate filling
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/847 : arranged in a cassette

Abstract

A dialysis machine that includes a valve member having a deformable area configured to deform outwardly away when pressurized fluid is introduced into the valve member. The valve member is configured so that, when a dialysis fluid cassette is disposed in a cassette compartment of the dialysis machine and pressurized fluid is introduced into the valve member, the deformable area obstructs a fluid channel of the dialysis fluid cassette to control dialysis fluid flow therethrough.

Claims

1. An extracorporeal blood treatment machine comprising:

a machine block including first and second pumps;

a door configured to cooperate with the machine block to define a compartment configured to receive a cassette, the cassette comprising (i) a first pumping region and first passages connected to the first pumping region and (ii) a second pumping region and second passages connected to the second pumping region,

wherein the first pump is positioned to align with the first pumping region of the cassette when the cassette is disposed in the compartment, the second pump is positioned to align with the second pumping region of the cassette when the cassette is disposed in the compartment, and the extracorporeal blood treatment machine comprises control electronics that operate the first pump and not the second pump during a hemodialysis treatment and that operate the first and second pumps during a hemofiltration or hemodiafiltration treatment.

2. The extracorporeal blood treatment machine of claim 1, wherein the cassette is disposable.

3. The extracorporeal blood treatment machine of claim 1, wherein the extracorporeal blood treatment machine is adapted to perform any one of standard hemodialysis, online hemodiafiltration, online hemofiltration, and acute treatment.

4. The extracorporeal blood treatment machine of claim 1, comprising a frame to which the door is fitted and in which the machine block is supported, with the door and the machine block being configured such that the cassette can be received between the door and the machine block in a sealed manner.

5. The extracorporeal blood treatment machine of claim 4, further comprising a pressing actuator system that provides an air cushion to move the machine block toward the closed door for a sealing reception of the cassette.

6. The extracorporeal blood treatment machine of claim 4, comprising an air distributor plate with integrated passages that adjoins the machine block and that is configured to conduct compressed air and/or a vacuum from corresponding pneumatic connections to valves in the machine block.

7. The extracorporeal blood treatment machine of claim 1, comprising a securement member arranged to fix the cassette on a surface of the machine block when the cassette is disposed in the compartment.

8. The extracorporeal blood treatment machine of claim 7, wherein the securement member is a snap-in hook.

9. The extracorporeal blood treatment machine of claim 1, further comprising a latch configured to secure the door in a closed position.

10. The extracorporeal blood treatment machine of claim 1, further comprising an elastic mat arranged between the cassette and the machine block when the cassette is disposed in the compartment.

11. The extracorporeal blood treatment machine of claim 1, further comprising a sensor module for the determination of a blood parameter, the sensor module comprising one part in the machine block and another part in the door.

12. The extracorporeal blood treatment machine of claim 1, comprising a sensor adapted to detect the cassette when the cassette is disposed in the compartment.

13. The extracorporeal blood treatment machine of claim 12, wherein the sensor comprises a barcode reader arranged to read a barcode on the cassette when the cassette is disposed in the compartment.

14. The extracorporeal blood treatment machine of claim 1, comprising a first valve configured to be aligned with a first passage of the cassette when the cassette is disposed in the compartment and a second valve configured to be aligned with a second passage of the cassette when the cassette is disposed in the compartment, wherein the control electronics of the extracorporeal blood treatment machine operate the first valve and not the second valve during the hemodialysis treatment and operate the first and second valves during the hemofiltration or hemodiafiltration treatment.

15. An extracorporeal blood treatment system comprising:

a cassette comprising (i) a first pumping region and first passages connected to the first pumping region and (ii) a second pumping region and second passages connected to the second pumping region; and

an extracorporeal blood treatment machine comprising

a machine block including first and second pumps; and

a door configured to cooperate with the machine block to define a compartment configured to receive the cassette,

wherein the first pump is positioned to align with the first pumping region of the cassette when the cassette is disposed in the compartment, the second pump is positioned to align with the second pumping region of the cassette when the cassette is disposed in the compartment, and the extracorporeal blood treatment machine comprises control electronics that operate the first pump and not the second pump during a hemodialysis treatment and that operate the first and second pumps during a hemofiltration or hemodiafiltration treatment.