Method and apparatus for selecting activity response vector

• US 10,512,424 B2
• Filed: 12/23/2013
• Issued: 12/24/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 12/23/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Original Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Inventors: Demmer, Wade M, Sheldon, Todd J
• Primary Examiner(s): Cerioni, Daniel L
• Assistant Examiner(s): Warsi, Yasmeen S
• Application Number:
  US14/139,092
• Publication Number:
  US 20150173655A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,192 Days
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0219 Inertial sensors, e.g. accelerometers, gyroscopes, tilt switches
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1118 Determining activity level
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4836 Diagnosis combined with treatment in closed-loop systems or methods A61B5/0036 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/686 Permanently implanted devices, e.g. pacemakers, other stimulators, biochips A61B5/6861 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7221 Determining signal validity, reliability or quality A61B5/7207 and A61B5/7217 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36542 controlled by body motion, e.g. acceleration
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36578 controlled by mechanical motion of the heart wall, e.g. measured by an accelerometer or microphone

Abstract

A medical device and associated method evaluate vectors of a multi-dimensional accelerometer by receiving a signal from the accelerometer for each of the vectors and determining a metric from the signal for each of the vectors during a first sensing condition and during a second sensing condition. The difference between the metrics determined for the first sensing condition and the second sensing condition for each of the vectors is determined. One of the vectors is selected, based upon the determined differences, for monitoring the patient.

Claims

1. A method performed by an implantable medical device, the method comprising:

receiving, by a processor of an implantable medical device having a multi-dimensional accelerometer, a signal from each vector of a plurality of vectors of the multi-dimensional accelerometer;

determining, by the processor, a first value of a patient activity metric indicative of body motion from the signal for each vector of the plurality of vectors during a first sensing condition;

determining, by the processor, a second value of the patient activity metric from the signal for each vector of the plurality of vectors during a second sensing condition;

for each vector of the plurality of vectors, determining, by the processor, a difference between the first value and the second value of the patient activity metric determined for the first sensing condition and the second sensing condition, respectively;

selecting, based upon the determined differences, a vector for monitoring the patient from the plurality of vectors of the multi-dimensional accelerometer;

in response to selecting the vector for monitoring the patient, determining a third value of the patient activity metric indicative of body motion, the third value based only on the signal from the selected vector; and

controlling, by the processor, a therapy rate delivered to the patient by adjusting a therapy delivery control parameter based on the third value of the patient activity metric indicative of body motion that has been determined based only on the signal from the selected vector for monitoring the patient.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the implantable multi-dimensional accelerometer comprises a three-dimensional accelerometer.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein:

the first sensing condition is a patient resting condition, and

the second sensing condition is a non-resting condition.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

establishing a historical value of the patient activity metric for the first sensing condition;

triggering the evaluating of the plurality of vectors in response to patient monitoring resulting in the patient activity metric not meeting the historical value for a predetermined interval of time.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

comparing the adjusted therapy control parameter to an expected trend of the therapy control parameter; and

automatically triggering the evaluating of the plurality of vectors in response to the comparing.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the therapy control parameter is a parameter for controlling rate responsive cardiac pacing.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the therapy control parameter is an activity level setpoint that is used to set a target pacing rate.

8. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining a plurality of values of the patient activity metric for each of the plurality of vectors over a predetermined number of time intervals.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein determining the first value of the patient activity metric for the first sensing condition and determining the second value of the patient activity metric for the second sensing condition comprises determining a range of the plurality of values of the patient activity metric over the predetermined number of time intervals for each of the plurality of vectors.

10. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

determining a plurality of values of the patient activity metric at predetermined intervals of time using the selected vector;

controlling a therapy control parameter in response to the plurality of values of the patient activity metric;

generating a historical profile of the patient activity metric;

automatically adjusting an activity setpoint for controlling a targeted rate of therapy delivery in response to the historical profile;

comparing the automatically adjusted setpoint to a trend criteria; and

triggering the evaluating in response to the automatically adjusted activity setpoint not meeting the trend criteria.

11. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

confirming the first sensing condition after determining the first value of the patient activity metric for each of the plurality of vectors during the first sensing condition; and

confirming the second sensing condition after determining the second value of the patient activity metric for each of the plurality of vectors during the second sensing condition.

24. The method of claim 1, wherein:

determining the first value of the patient activity metric during the first sensing condition comprises determining the patient activity metric during a resting condition of the patient;

determining the second value of the patient activity metric during the second sensing condition comprises determining the patient activity metric during a non-resting condition of the patient; and

selecting the vector of the multi-dimensional accelerometer comprises selecting the vector having a greatest difference between the first value of the patient activity metric and the second value of the patient activity metric for respective vectors of the plurality of vectors;

the method further comprising monitoring the patient by determining a sensor indicated pacing rate from the signal of the selected vector of the plurality of vectors; and

controlling a pulse generator, by the processor, to deliver cardiac pacing pulses at the determined sensor indicated pacing rate.

12. An implantable medical device, comprising:

a multi-dimensional accelerometer comprising a plurality of vectors for sensing motion; and

a processor configured to;

evaluate the plurality of vectors by;

receiving a signal from each vector of the plurality of vectors of the multi-dimensional accelerometer;

determining a first value of a patient activity metric indicative of body motion from the signal for each vector of the plurality of vectors during a first sensing condition;

determining a second value of the patient activity metric from the signal for each vector of the plurality of vectors during a second sensing condition;

for each vector of the plurality of vectors, determining a difference between the first value and the second value of the patient activity metric determined for the first sensing condition and the second sensing condition, respectively; and

selecting, based upon the determined differences, a vector for monitoring the patient from the plurality of vectors of the multi-dimensional accelerometer;

in response to selecting the vector for monitoring the patient, determine a third value of the patient activity metric indicative of body motion, the third value based only on the signal from the selected vector; and

control a therapy rate delivered to the patient by adjusting a therapy delivery control parameter based on the third value of the patient activity metric indicative of body motion that has been determined based only on the signal from the selected vector for monitoring the patient.

13. The device of claim 12, wherein the accelerometer is a three-dimensional accelerometer having three orthogonal vectors.

14. The device of claim 12, wherein the processor is configured to:

determine the first value of the patient activity metric for the first sensing condition when the patient is at rest, and

determine the second value of the patient activity metric for the second sensing condition when the patient is not at rest.

15. The device of claim 12, wherein the processor is further configured to:

establish a historical value of the patient activity metric for the first sensing condition; and

trigger the evaluating of the plurality of vectors in response to patient monitoring resulting in the patient activity metric not meeting the historical value for a predetermined interval of time.

16. The device of claim 12,

wherein the processor is further configured to:

compare the adjusted therapy control parameter to an expected trend of the therapy control parameter; and

automatically trigger the evaluating of the plurality of vectors in response to the comparing.

17. The device of claim 16, wherein the therapy control parameter is a parameter for controlling rate responsive cardiac pacing.

18. The device of claim 17, wherein the therapy control parameter is an activity level setpoint that is used to set a target pacing rate.

19. The device of claim 12, wherein the processor is further configured to:

determine a plurality of values of the patient activity metric for each of the plurality of vectors over a predetermined number of time intervals.

20. The device of claim 19, wherein determining the first value of the patient activity metric for the first sensing condition and determining the second value of the patient activity metric for the second sensing condition comprises determining a range of the plurality of values of the patient activity metric over the predetermined number of time intervals for each of the plurality of vectors.

21. The device of claim 12, wherein the processor is further configured to:

determine a plurality of values of the patient activity metric at predetermined intervals of time using the selected vector;

control a therapy control parameter in response to the plurality of values of the patient activity metric;

generate a historical profile of the patient activity metric;

automatically adjust an activity setpoint for controlling a targeted rate of therapy delivery in response to the historical profile;

compare the automatically adjusted activity setpoint to a trend criteria; and

trigger the evaluating in response to the automatically adjusted activity setpoint not meeting the trend criteria.

22. The device of claim 12, wherein the processor is further configured to:

confirm the first sensing condition after determining the first value of the patient activity metric for each of the plurality of vectors during the first sensing condition; and

confirm the second sensing condition after determining the second value of the patient activity metric for each of the plurality of vectors during the second sensing condition.

23. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing a set of instructions that cause a processor of an implantable medical device comprising a multi-dimensional accelerometer to:

receive a signal from each vector of a plurality of vectors of the multi-dimensional accelerometer;

determine a first value of a patient activity metric indicative of body motion from the signal for each vector of the plurality of vectors during a first sensing condition;

determine a second value of the patient activity metric from the signal for each vector of the plurality of vectors during a second sensing condition;

for each vector of the plurality of vectors, determine a difference between the first value and the second value of the patient activity metric determined for the first sensing condition and the second sensing condition, respectively;

select, based upon the determined differences, a vector for monitoring the patient from the plurality of vectors of the multi-dimensional accelerometer;

in response to selecting the vector for monitoring the patient, determine a third value of the patient activity metric indicative of body motion, the third value based only on the signal from the selected vector; and

control a therapy rate delivered to the patient by adjusting a therapy delivery control parameter based on the third value of the patient activity metric indicative of body motion that has been determined based only on the signal from the selected vector for monitoring the patient.