Bluetooth low energy (BLE) passive vehicle access control system for defending the system against relay attacks and method thereof

• US 10,532,719 B2
• Filed: 05/10/2017
• Issued: 01/14/2020
• Est. Priority Date: 12/30/2016
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
• Original Assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
• Inventors: Bocca, Maurizio, Jain, Vivek, Lang, Christoph, Lee, Huang
• Primary Examiner(s): Tun, Nay
• Application Number:
  US15/591,461
• Publication Number:
  US 20180186332A1
• Time in Patent Office: 979 Days
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 2325/101 Bluetooth
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 2325/108 Encryption
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 25/24 using electronic identifiers containing a code not memorised by the user
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 2009/00555 comprising means to detect or avoid relay attacks
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 2009/0096 Electronic keys comprising a non-biometric sensor
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 9/00309 operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 63/1441 Countermeasures against malicious traffic countermeasures against attacks on cryptographic mechanisms H04L9/002
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 63/1466 Active attacks involving interception, injection, modification, spoofing of data unit addresses, e.g. hijacking, packet injection or TCP sequence number attacks
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 12/08 Access security
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 12/12 Detection or prevention of fraud
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 12/122 Counter-measures against attacks; Protection against rogue devices
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 12/63 Location-dependent; Proximity-dependent
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 12/65 Environment-dependent, e.g. using captured environmental data
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/02 Services making use of location information
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/021 Services related to particular areas, e.g. point of interest [POI] services, venue services or geofences
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/027 using movement velocity, acceleration information
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/40 for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/80 Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/18 Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks

Abstract

A Bluetooth Low-Energy (BLE) passive vehicle access control system integrated into a vehicle and an external device to defend the system against relay attacks is provided. The system includes at least one of a motion detector, a microprocessor, or a barometric pressure sensor. The motion detector is configured to detect and distinguish various types of motion and vibration. The motion detector is further configured to distinguish between a true motion event and a false motion event. The microprocessor comprises a set of computer executable instructions including a TX power profiling is capable of modulating the transmitted (TX) power level to create at a receiving end of a communication having link in the vehicle a RX power level (RSS) profile that serves as an authentication. The barometric pressure sensor is configured to measure barometric pressure which ultimately translates the measured barometric pressure into altitude value and distinguish the altitude value of the vehicle and of the external device is either matched or different.

Claims

1. A Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) passive vehicle access control system comprising:

a wireless transceiver located in a vehicle;

an external device configured to communicate with the wireless transceiver located in the vehicle; and

a processor located in the external device;

a barometric pressure sensor located in the external device, the barometric pressure sensor being configured to measure barometer pressure at the external device and send the measured barometric pressure to the wireless transceiver;

wherein the processor located in the external device is configured to;

modulate a transmitted (TX) power level of successive transmissions from the external device to the wireless transceiver in the vehicle using a predetermined pattern of power levels stored in a non-transitory computer-readable storage media in the external device and not received from the wireless transceiver so at least one transmission in the successive transmissions from the external device has a transmitted power level that is less than a preceding transmission in the successive transmissions from the external device; and

wherein the wireless transceiver located in the vehicle is configured to;

generate a RX power level (RSS) profile corresponding to a power level of each successive transmission received from the external device,

compare the generated RSS profile with a predetermined pattern of power levels stored in a non-transitory computer-readable storage media in the vehicle and not received from the external device;

disable communication between the external device and the wireless transceiver when the RSS profile does not match the predetermined pattern of power levels;

receive the measured barometric pressure from the barometric pressure sensor and translate the measured barometric pressure to an altitude of the external device;

compare the translated altitude of the external device to an altitude of the wireless receiver; and

disable communication between the external device and the wireless transceiver located in the vehicle when the translated altitude of the external device does not match the altitude of the wireless receiver.

2. The BLE passive vehicle access control system of claim 1 further comprising:

a motion detector located in the external device, the motion detector being configured to generate acceleration data corresponding to movement of the external device and transmit the generated acceleration data to the wireless transceiver; and

the wireless transceiver is further configured to compare the acceleration data received from the motion detector in the external device with predetermined criteria stored in the non-transitory computer-readable storage media located in the vehicle and to determine whether the acceleration data corresponds to a true event or a false event.

3. The BLE passive vehicle access control system of claim 2 wherein the wireless transceiver disables communication between the external device and the wireless transceiver located in the vehicle when the wireless transceiver determines the acceleration data does not match with any of the predetermined criteria or determines the acceleration data corresponds to the false event.

4. An access control system for a vehicle comprising:

a sensor for generating and transmitting data corresponding to a barometric pressure at an external device; and

a processor in a vehicle that is configured to;

measure a RX power level (RSS) profile of successive transmissions received from the external device;

compare the measured RSS profile of the successive transmissions with a predetermined pattern of RX power levels, at least one of the power levels in the predetermined pattern of power levels being less than at least one preceding power level in the predetermined pattern of power level;

disable communication between the external device and the processor in the vehicle when the measured RSS profile of the successive transmissions does not match the predetermined pattern of RX power levels,

receive the generated data corresponding to the barometric pressure transmitted from the sensor and translate the generated data corresponding to the barometric pressure transmitted from the sensor into an altitude value at the sensor;

compare the altitude value at the sensor with an altitude value at the vehicle; and

disable communication between the external device and the processor in the vehicle when the altitude value at the external device and the altitude value at the vehicle do not match.