Systems and methods for cascaded model predictive control
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1. A heating, ventilation, or air conditioning (HVAC) system for a building, the HVAC system comprising:
- a building system comprising one or more measurement devices configured to measure at least one of a measured temperature of the building or a measured power usage of the building and generate a feedback signal comprising at least one of the measured temperature of the building or the measured power usage of the building;
a load predictor configured to predict a future power usage of the building;
an outer controller configured to receive the feedback signal from the building system, receive time-varying pricing information, perform an optimization process to determine an amount of power to defer from the predicted future power usage based on the feedback signal and the pricing information, and output a power control signal indicating the amount of power to defer, wherein the amount of power to defer optimizes a total cost of power usage of the building;
an inner controller configured to receive a power setpoint representing a difference between the predicted future power usage and the amount of power to defer, determine an operating setpoint for the building system predicted to achieve the power setpoint, and output a second control signal indicating the operating setpoint; and
HVAC equipment comprising one or more physical devices, wherein the building system is configured to operate the HVAC equipment to achieve the operating setpoint;
wherein at least one of the outer controller or the inner controller is an electronic device comprising a communications interface and a processing circuit.
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Abstract
A cascaded model predictive control system includes an inner controller and an outer controller. The outer controller determines an amount of power to defer from a predicted power usage to optimize a total cost of power usage. A power setpoint is calculated based on a difference between the predicted power usage and the amount of power to defer. The inner controller determines an operating setpoint for building equipment in order to achieve the power setpoint.
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20 Claims
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1. A heating, ventilation, or air conditioning (HVAC) system for a building, the HVAC system comprising:
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a building system comprising one or more measurement devices configured to measure at least one of a measured temperature of the building or a measured power usage of the building and generate a feedback signal comprising at least one of the measured temperature of the building or the measured power usage of the building; a load predictor configured to predict a future power usage of the building; an outer controller configured to receive the feedback signal from the building system, receive time-varying pricing information, perform an optimization process to determine an amount of power to defer from the predicted future power usage based on the feedback signal and the pricing information, and output a power control signal indicating the amount of power to defer, wherein the amount of power to defer optimizes a total cost of power usage of the building; an inner controller configured to receive a power setpoint representing a difference between the predicted future power usage and the amount of power to defer, determine an operating setpoint for the building system predicted to achieve the power setpoint, and output a second control signal indicating the operating setpoint; and HVAC equipment comprising one or more physical devices, wherein the building system is configured to operate the HVAC equipment to achieve the operating setpoint; wherein at least one of the outer controller or the inner controller is an electronic device comprising a communications interface and a processing circuit. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. A method for heating, ventilating, or air conditioning a building, the method comprising:
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measuring, by a measuring device, at least one of a measured temperature of the building or a measured power usage of the building; generating, by the measuring device, a feedback signal comprising at least one of the measured temperature of the building or the measured power usage of the building; predicting, by a load predictor, a future power usage of the building based on historical weather and power usage data; performing, by an outer controller, an optimization process to determine an amount of power to defer from the predicted future power usage based on the feedback signal and time-varying pricing information; generating, by the outer controller, a power control signal indicating the amount of power to defer, wherein the amount of power to defer optimizes a total cost of the power usage of the building; calculating, by the outer controller, a power setpoint representing a difference between the predicted future power usage and the amount of power to defer; determining, by an inner controller, an operating setpoint predicted to achieve the power setpoint; generating, by the inner controller, a second control signal indicating the operating setpoint; and operating, by at least one of the measuring device, the load predictor, the outer controller and the inner controller, HVAC equipment to achieve the operating setpoint, the HVAC equipment comprising one or more physical devices. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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Specification