Adaptive battery charging

• US 10,587,135 B2
• Filed: 09/11/2015
• Issued: 03/10/2020
• Est. Priority Date: 09/11/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Inventors: Lundgren, Mika-Petteri, Kuusisto, Juha, Aaltonen, Markus, Rajala, Jarno, Rajamaki, Markku
• Primary Examiner(s): Henze-Gongola, David V
• Application Number:
  US14/851,392
• Publication Number:
  US 20170077717A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,642 Days
• Field of Search: 320134, 324430
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/385 Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables for monitoring G01R31/382
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/389 Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/392 Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/445 in response to gas pressure
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00 Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0047 with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0048 Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/005 Detection of state of health [SOH]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/007186 obtained with the battery disconnected from the charge or discharge circuit
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/007188 the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

In an embodiment, adaptive charging of a battery is disclosed. In an embodiment, a device is disclosed comprising: a battery; at least one sensor configured to sense an outward pressure exerted by the battery; a monitoring module configured to monitor the outward pressure of the battery and at least one of a temperature, an age, a manufacturer, a state of charge, an impedance, and number of charging cycles of the battery; a control module configured to select a charging profile for the battery based on at least one of the sensed and/or monitored battery related variables; and a charging module configured to charge the battery according to a charging profile selected by the control module.

Claims

1. An apparatus, comprising:

a battery; and

one or more processors programmed to;

monitor a voltage level of the battery;

wait until the monitored voltage level of the battery reaches a pre-specified voltage value (V_M);

incident to the monitored voltage level of the battery reaching V_M, set a charging current to a pre-set maximum charging current (I_M);

after the charging current is set to I_M, check a temperature of the battery against a pre-set range of temperatures;

incident to the temperature of the battery being within the pre-set range of temperatures, monitoring an impedance of the battery;

assign a weight to the monitored impedance of the battery based on the monitored voltage level of the battery;

select a charging profile for the battery based, at least in part, on the weight assigned to the monitored impedance of the battery based on the monitored voltage level of the battery; and

charge the battery according to the selected charging profile.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the charging profile comprises a range of a state of charge of the battery.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or processors are programmed to:

determine at least one of;

temperature, age, manufacturer, or state of charge; and

base said selection of the charging profile, at least in part, on said assigned one or more additional weights for said determined at least one of;

temperature, age, manufacturer, or state of charge.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, further including a sensor for sensing temperature.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are programmed to:

read an age of the battery from an integrated circuit present in the battery; and

base said selection of the charging profile, at least in part, on said read age of the battery read from the integrated circuit.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the weight assigned to the monitored impedance is further based on an age of the battery.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are programmed to:

measure the battery impedance while a temperature of the battery is within a pre-specified range; and

base said selection of the charging profile, at least in part, on the measured battery impedance.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the measured battery impedance is measured as an average of repeated measurements.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further programmed to measure outward pressure of the battery and base, at least in part, said selection of the charging profile on said measured outward pressure.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the charging profile comprises at least one of:

a charging voltage range, a charging current range, a charging temperature range, or a state of charge range.

11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the charging profile comprises at least one of:

a lower than normal charging voltage;

a lower than nominal charging current;

or a narrower than nominal charging temperature.

12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the charging profile comprises not charging the battery.

13. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a user interface configured to display a pop-up message to alert a user.

14. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the charging profile is configured to extend battery life through charging the battery according to the selected charging profile.

15. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said monitoring of the impedance of the battery comprises measuring the impedance of the battery multiple times and determining an average impedance value.

16. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the impedance is only measured during said monitoring with particular battery voltage or load current ranges.

17. A mobile device, comprising:

a battery; and

one or more integrated circuits programmed to;

monitor a voltage level of the battery;

waiting until the monitored voltage level of the battery reaches a pre-specified voltage value (V_M);

incident to the monitored voltage level of the battery reaching V_M, setting a charging current to a pre-set maximum charging current (I_M);

after the charging current is set to I_M, check a temperature of the battery against a pre-set range of temperatures;

incident to the temperature of the battery being within the pre-set range of temperatures, monitoring an impedance of the battery;

assign a weight to the monitored impedance of the battery based on the monitored voltage level of the battery;

select a charging profile for the battery using the weight assigned to the monitored impedance of the battery based on the monitored voltage level of the battery; and

charge the battery according to the selected charging profile.

18. The mobile device of claim 17, wherein the selection of the charging profile is additionally based on exceeding at least one threshold value by a combination of parameters comprising:

a monitored outward pressure exerted by the battery;

a rate of change in the outward pressure exerted by the battery;

an impedance of the battery;

a state of charge of the battery;

a rate of change of the impedance of the battery;

the charging cycles of the battery;

or an age of the battery.

19. The mobile device of claim 17, wherein the selection of the charging profile is additionally based on a weighted sum including a value of swelling;

a value of rate of swelling, a value of impedance, a value of rate of change of impedance, the number of charging cycles of the battery, or an age of the battery.

20. A method of charging a battery, comprising:

identifying an age of the battery;

monitoring a voltage level of the battery;

waiting until the monitored voltage level of the battery reaches a pre-specified voltage value (V_M);

incident to the monitored voltage level of the battery reaching V_M, setting a charging current to a pre-set maximum charging current (I_M);

after the charging current is set to I_M, check a temperature of the battery against a pre-set range of temperatures;

incident to the temperature of the battery being within the pre-set range of temperatures, monitoring an impedance of the battery;

assigning a weight to the monitored impedance of the battery based on a combination of the monitored voltage level;

selecting a charging profile for charging the battery using the weight assigned to the monitored impedance of the battery; and

charging the battery according to the charging profile.