Apparatus and methods for mixing reformable fuels and an oxygen-containing gas and/or steam
First Claim
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1. A method of mixing reformable fuel and an oxygen-containing gas and/or steam for delivery to a reformer and/or fuel cell stack of a fuel cell unit, the method comprising:
- delivering an oxygen-containing gas and/or steam through a tube comprising a throat such that the oxygen-containing gas and/or steam experiences an increase in velocity and decrease in pressure through the throat and a rifling or twisting motion downstream of the throat along with an increase in pressure and decrease in velocity;
introducing a reformable fuel and/or steam through a fuel source inlet into a fuel injection chamber and through one or more fuel inlets into the stream of oxygen-containing gas and/or steam downstream of the throat, whereby the reformable fuel and/or steam mixes with the stream of the oxygen-containing gas and/or steam to provide a gaseous reforming reaction mixture,wherein the fuel injection chamber is created by a collar present around the tube and is in fluid communication with the fuel source inlet and the interior of the tube through the one or more fuel inlets, and the collar isolates the one or more fuel inlets from the ambient environment exterior to the tube; and
delivering the gaseous reforming reaction mixture to a reformer and/or a fuel cell stack of a fuel cell unit.
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Abstract
The present teachings provide apparatus and methods for mixing a reformable fuel and/or steam with an oxygen-containing gas and/or steam to provide a gaseous reforming reaction mixture suitable for reforming with a reformer and/or a fuel cell stack of a fuel cell unit and/or fuel cell system.
18 Citations
20 Claims
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1. A method of mixing reformable fuel and an oxygen-containing gas and/or steam for delivery to a reformer and/or fuel cell stack of a fuel cell unit, the method comprising:
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delivering an oxygen-containing gas and/or steam through a tube comprising a throat such that the oxygen-containing gas and/or steam experiences an increase in velocity and decrease in pressure through the throat and a rifling or twisting motion downstream of the throat along with an increase in pressure and decrease in velocity; introducing a reformable fuel and/or steam through a fuel source inlet into a fuel injection chamber and through one or more fuel inlets into the stream of oxygen-containing gas and/or steam downstream of the throat, whereby the reformable fuel and/or steam mixes with the stream of the oxygen-containing gas and/or steam to provide a gaseous reforming reaction mixture, wherein the fuel injection chamber is created by a collar present around the tube and is in fluid communication with the fuel source inlet and the interior of the tube through the one or more fuel inlets, and the collar isolates the one or more fuel inlets from the ambient environment exterior to the tube; and delivering the gaseous reforming reaction mixture to a reformer and/or a fuel cell stack of a fuel cell unit. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
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7. A method of mixing reformable fuel and an oxygen-containing gas and/or steam for delivery to a reformer and/or fuel cell stack of a fuel cell unit, the method comprising:
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delivering an oxygen-containing gas and/or steam through a tube comprising a throat such that the oxygen-containing gas and/or steam experiences an increase in velocity and decrease in pressure through the throat and an increase in pressure and decrease in velocity downstream of the throat; introducing a reformable fuel and/or steam through a fuel source inlet into a fuel injection chamber and through fuel inlets into the stream of oxygen-containing gas and/or steam downstream of the throat, whereby the reformable fuel and/or steam mixes with the stream of the oxygen-containing gas and/or steam to provide a gaseous reforming reaction mixture, wherein the fuel injection chamber is created by a collar present around the tube and is in fluid communication with the fuel source inlet and the interior of the tube through the fuel inlets, and the collar isolates the fuel inlets from the ambient environment exterior to the tube; and delivering through an outlet the gaseous reforming reaction mixture to a reformer and/or a fuel cell stack of a fuel cell unit. - View Dependent Claims (8)
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9. A method of mixing reformable fuel and an oxygen-containing gas and/or steam for delivery to a reformer and/or fuel cell stack of a fuel cell unit, the method comprising:
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delivering an oxygen-containing gas and/or steam through a fluid mixing device, wherein the fluid mixing device comprises; a tube having an exterior surface, an internal wall, an inlet, an outlet, and a throat located between the inlet and the outlet, wherein the throat comprises a smaller internal diameter than the internal diameter of the outlet, the longitudinal axis through the tube from the inlet to the outlet defines a downstream direction, and the tube comprises one or more fuel inlets downstream from the throat; and a collar encompassing the one or more fuel inlets on the exterior surface of the tube, wherein the collar comprises a fuel source inlet in fluid communication with the one or more fuel inlets and isolates the one or more fuel inlets from the ambient environment exterior to the tube; introducing a reformable fuel and/or steam through the one or more fuel inlets into the stream of oxygen-containing gas and/or steam downstream of the throat, whereby the reformable fuel and/or steam mixes with the stream of the oxygen-containing gas and/or steam to provide a gaseous reforming reaction mixture; and delivering the gaseous reforming reaction mixture to a reformer and/or a fuel cell stack of a fuel cell unit. - View Dependent Claims (10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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Specification