System and process for carbon dioxide removal of air of passenger cabins of vehicles
First Claim
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1. A system for controlling the atmosphere in a passenger cabin of a vehicle, the system comprising;
- a carbon dioxide removal assembly, comprisinga bed of regenerable carbon dioxide sorbent material, wherein the bed comprises a monolith having the sorbent material coated thereon, or the sorbent material in the form of pellets or beads;
a carbon dioxide removal conduit arranged to flow air from the interior of the passenger cabin over the regenerable carbon dioxide sorbent material and return the treated air to the passenger cabin; and
a regeneration conduit arranged to flow desorption gas over the regenerable carbon dioxide sorbent material to desorb carbon dioxide from the sorbent material and expel the desorbed carbon dioxide at a location exterior to the cabin;
whereby the system is operable to maintain a carbon dioxide level below 1500 ppm in the passenger cabin for a period of at least 5 minutes while restricting the flow of air from outside the vehicle into the passenger cabin to 10 L/s or less, andwherein the sorbent material comprises benzylamine functional groups immobilized on a polystyrene solid support; and
wherein the system is configured to adsorb carbon dioxide onto the sorbent at a temperature of from −
10°
C. to 50°
C., and configured to heat the sorbent to a temperature of from 50°
C. to 80°
C. to desorb carbon dioxide.
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Abstract
The present invention relates to systems and methods for controlling the atmosphere in the cabin (1) of a vehicle. The system comprises a carbon dioxide removal conduit (2) comprising a regenerable carbon dioxide removal chamber (5,6) containing a carbon dioxide sorbent material and a regeneration circuit (7) arranged to expel the desorbed carbon dioxide at a location exterior (8) of the cabin (1) The system is operable to maintain a carbon dioxide level below 1000 ppm in the passenger cabin for a period of at least 5 minutes while restricting the flow of air from outside the vehicle into the passenger cabin to 10 L/s or less.
9 Citations
15 Claims
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1. A system for controlling the atmosphere in a passenger cabin of a vehicle, the system comprising;
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a carbon dioxide removal assembly, comprising a bed of regenerable carbon dioxide sorbent material, wherein the bed comprises a monolith having the sorbent material coated thereon, or the sorbent material in the form of pellets or beads; a carbon dioxide removal conduit arranged to flow air from the interior of the passenger cabin over the regenerable carbon dioxide sorbent material and return the treated air to the passenger cabin; and a regeneration conduit arranged to flow desorption gas over the regenerable carbon dioxide sorbent material to desorb carbon dioxide from the sorbent material and expel the desorbed carbon dioxide at a location exterior to the cabin; whereby the system is operable to maintain a carbon dioxide level below 1500 ppm in the passenger cabin for a period of at least 5 minutes while restricting the flow of air from outside the vehicle into the passenger cabin to 10 L/s or less, and wherein the sorbent material comprises benzylamine functional groups immobilized on a polystyrene solid support; and wherein the system is configured to adsorb carbon dioxide onto the sorbent at a temperature of from −
10°
C. to 50°
C., and configured to heat the sorbent to a temperature of from 50°
C. to 80°
C. to desorb carbon dioxide. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13)
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11. A process for controlling the atmosphere in a passenger cabin of a vehicle, the process comprising:
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(i) at a temperature of from −
10°
C. to 50°
C., flowing a portion of the air from within the passenger cabin over a bed of regenerable carbon dioxide sorbent material to remove carbon dioxide by adsorbing the carbon dioxide onto the sorbent material, and returning the treated air to the passenger cabin,wherein the bed of regenerable carbon dioxide sorbent material comprises a monolith having the sorbent material coated thereon, or the sorbent material in the form of pellets or beads; and (ii) regenerating the regenerable carbon dioxide sorbent material by heating the sorbent material to a temperature of from 50°
C. to 80°
C. to desorb carbon dioxide, flowing desorption gas over the regenerable carbon dioxide sorbent material to desorb carbon dioxide from the sorbent material, and expelling the desorbed carbon dioxide at a location exterior to the passenger cabin,wherein steps (i) and (ii) are repeated to maintain the carbon dioxide level below 1500 ppm in the passenger cabin for a period of at least 5 minutes while restricting the flow of air from outside the vehicle into the passenger cabin to 10 L/s or less, and wherein the sorbent material comprises benzylamine functional groups immobilized on a polystyrene solid support. - View Dependent Claims (14, 15)
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Specification