Nonaqueous electrolyte compositions
First Claim
Patent Images
1. An electrolyte composition comprising:
- a) a fluorinated acyclic carboxylic acid ester represented by the formula;
R1—
COO—
R2,wherein R1 and R2 independently represent a linear or branched alkyl group;
the sum of carbon atoms in R1 and R2 is 2 to 7;
at least two hydrogens in R1 and/or R2 are replaced by fluorines; and
neither R1 nor R2 contains a FCH2 or FCH group;
b) at least one co-solvent selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, and propylene carbonate, and further comprising one or more members of the group consisting of ethyl methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, butylene carbonate, and ethyl methyl sulfone;
c) at least one film-forming chemical compound which is present in the electrolyte composition at a concentration at which said film-forming chemical compound decomposes at a potential of less than +1.0 V versus a Li/Li+ reference electrode, such that the electrolyte composition forms a film and wherein the electrolyte composition does not form a film at a potential of 1.0 V or above versus a Li/Li+ reference electrode; and
d) at least one electrolyte salt;
with the proviso that b) and c) are different.
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Abstract
Electrolyte compositions comprising fluorinated acyclic carboxylic acid esters, fluorinated acyclic carbonates, and/or fluorinated acyclic ethers; co-solvents; and certain film-forming chemical compounds are described. The electrolyte compositions are useful in electrochemical cells, such as lithium ion batteries where they provide the improved performance of a combination of high capacity and high cycle life.
168 Citations
24 Claims
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1. An electrolyte composition comprising:
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a) a fluorinated acyclic carboxylic acid ester represented by the formula;
R1—
COO—
R2,wherein R1 and R2 independently represent a linear or branched alkyl group;
the sum of carbon atoms in R1 and R2 is 2 to 7;
at least two hydrogens in R1 and/or R2 are replaced by fluorines; and
neither R1 nor R2 contains a FCH2 or FCH group;b) at least one co-solvent selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, and propylene carbonate, and further comprising one or more members of the group consisting of ethyl methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, butylene carbonate, and ethyl methyl sulfone; c) at least one film-forming chemical compound which is present in the electrolyte composition at a concentration at which said film-forming chemical compound decomposes at a potential of less than +1.0 V versus a Li/Li+ reference electrode, such that the electrolyte composition forms a film and wherein the electrolyte composition does not form a film at a potential of 1.0 V or above versus a Li/Li+ reference electrode; and d) at least one electrolyte salt;
with the proviso that b) and c) are different. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 23)
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22. A method comprising combining:
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a) a fluorinated acyclic carboxylic acid ester represented by the formula;
R1—
COO—
R2,wherein R1 and R2 independently represent a linear or branched alkyl group;
the sum of carbon atoms in R1 and R2 is 2 to 7;
at least two hydrogens in R1 and/or R2 are replaced by fluorines; and
neither R1 nor R2 contains a FCH2 or FCH group;b) at least one co-solvent selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, and propylene carbonate, and further comprising one or more members of the group consisting of ethyl methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, butylene carbonate, and ethyl methyl sulfone; c) at least one film-forming chemical compound which is present in the electrolyte composition at a concentration at which said film-forming chemical compound decomposes at a potential of less than +1.0 V versus a Li/Li+ reference electrode, such that the electrolyte composition forms a film and wherein the electrolyte composition does not form a film at a potential of 1.0 V or above versus a Li/Li+ reference electrode; and d) at least one electrolyte salt; with the proviso that b) and c) are different; to form an electrolyte composition.
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24. An electrolyte composition comprising:
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a) a fluorinated acyclic carboxylic acid ester represented by the formula;
R1—
COO—
R2,wherein R1 and R2 independently represent a linear or branched alkyl group;
the sum of carbon atoms in R1 and R2 is 2 to 7;
at least two hydrogens in R1 and/or R2 are replaced by fluorines; and
neither R1 nor R2 contains a FCH2 or FCH group;b) at least one co-solvent selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate;
fluoroethylene carbonate, and propylene carbonate, and further comprising one or more members of the group consisting of ethyl methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, butylene carbonate, and ethyl methyl sulfone;c) at least one film-forming chemical compound which is not lithium bis(oxalate)borate and which is present in the electrolyte composition at a concentration at which said film-forming chemical compound decomposes at a potential of less than +1.0 V versus a Li/Li+ reference electrode, such that the electrolyte composition forms a film and wherein the electrolyte composition does not form a film at a potential of 1.0 V or above versus a Li/Li+ reference electrode; and d) at least one electrolyte salt;
with the proviso that b) and c) are different.
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Specification