Frequency modulated continuous wave radio altimeter spectral monitoring

• US 10,725,170 B2
• Filed: 12/17/2015
• Issued: 07/28/2020
• Est. Priority Date: 12/17/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Honeywell International Inc.
• Original Assignee: Honeywell International Inc.
• Inventors: Franceschini, Michael R., Muldoon, Kelly P., Timm, Steven L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Akonai, Olumide Ajibade
• Application Number:
  US14/972,880
• Publication Number:
  US 20170176588A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,685 Days
• CPC Class Codes: G01C 5/005 altimeters for aircraft G01C5/02, G01C5/06 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/32 using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/882 for altimeters measuring height using barometric means G01C5/06
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/021 Auxiliary means for detecting or identifying radar signals or the like, e.g. radar jamming signals
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/352 Receivers
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/358 using I/Q processing
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/70 Services for machine-to-machine communication [M2M] or machine type communication [MTC]

Abstract

In one embodiment, a radio altimeter tracking filter is provided. The filter comprises: a wireless radio interface; a processor coupled to the wireless radio interface; a memory coupled to the wireless radio interface; wherein the wireless radio interface is configured to wirelessly receive a radio altimeter signal and convert the radio altimeter signal to a baseband frequency signal, wherein the a radio altimeter signal sweeps across a first frequency spectrum between a first frequency and a second frequency; wherein the processor is configured to pass the baseband frequency signal through a filter executed by the processor, the filter comprising a passband having a first bandwidth, and wherein the filter outputs a plurality of spectral chirps in response to the baseband frequency signal passing through the first bandwidth; wherein the processor is configured to process the plurality of spectral chirps to output characteristic parameters that characterize the radio altimeter signal.

Claims

1. A radio altimeter tracking filter, the filter comprising:

a wireless radio interface configured to wirelessly receive a radio altimeter signal and convert the radio altimeter signal to a baseband frequency signal, wherein the radio altimeter signal sweeps across a first frequency spectrum between a first frequency and a second frequency;

a processor communicatively coupled to the wireless radio interface, the processor configured to;

pass the baseband frequency signal through a filter executed by the processor, the filter comprising a passband having a first bandwidth;

output, by the filter, a plurality of spectral chirps in response to the baseband frequency signal passing through the first bandwidth, each chirp having a slope and duration;

calculate characteristic parameters of the received radio altimeter signal based on the plurality of spectral chirps, the characteristic parameters including;

a period of the radio altimeter signal, an absolute slope of the radio altimeter signal, and a magnitude of the absolute slope; and

predict a future frequency of the radio altimeter signal based on the calculated characteristic parameters of the received radio altimeter signal.

2. The filter of claim 1, wherein the baseband frequency signal comprises in-phase (I) component and a quadrature-phase (Q) component;

wherein the magnitude of the absolute slope is determined based on a relative phase difference between the I-phase component and the Q-phase component of the baseband frequency signal.

3. The filter of claim 2, wherein the slope is defined as positive when the I-phase component leads Q-phase component before the baseband frequency signal crosses a passband midpoint and the Q-phase component is leading the I-phase component after the passband midpoint, and wherein the slope is defined as negative when Q-phase component is leading the I-phase component before a passband midpoint and the -phase component is leading the Q-phase component after the passband midpoint.

4. The filter of claim 2, wherein the absolute slope is a result of division of a first difference between a first point in time and a second point time by the first bandwidth, wherein the first point in time is time when a respective chirp begins and the second point in time is time when the respective chirp ends.

5. The filter of claim 2, wherein the period is a second difference between a first point in time and a third point in time, wherein the first point in time is when a first chirp begins and the third point in time is when a second chirp begins, wherein the first chirp and the second chirp have the same slope.

6. The filter of claim 1, wherein the wireless radio interface further comprises a receiver or transceiver able to operate over the first frequency spectrum.

7. The filter of claim 1, wherein the wireless radio interface comprises an RF Agile Transceiver capable of operating in the first frequency spectrum.

8. The filter of claim 1, wherein the first frequency spectrum is Aeronautical Radio Navigation Band ranging from 4.2 GHz to 4.4 GHz.

9. The filter of claim 1, wherein the wireless radio interface further comprises an analog-to-digital converter and a digital down converter.

10. The filter of claim 1, wherein the first bandwidth is 100 MHz and ranges from 4.25 GHz to 4.35 GHz.

11. The filter of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to communicate the predicted future frequency of the radio altimeter signal to one or more avionics components coupled to the filter.

12. The filter of claim 1, wherein the baseband frequency signal is a triangle wave.

13. A method of monitoring radio altimeter spectrum in an avionics system, the method comprising:

receiving a radio altimeter (RA) radio frequency (RF) signal;

down-converting the RA RF signal, wherein the RA RF signal sweeps across a first frequency spectrum between a first frequency and a second frequency;

filtering the down-converted RA RF signal by passing the down-converted RA RF signal through a passband filter having a first bandwidth to output a plurality of spectral chirps in response to passing the down-converted signal through the first bandwidth;

processing the plurality of spectral chirps to output characteristic parameters that characterize the RA RF signal, wherein processing the plurality of spectral chirps includes;

calculating a first characteristic parameter comprising a period of the RA RF signal;

calculating a second characteristic parameter comprising an absolute slope of the RA RF signal; and

calculating a third characteristic parameter comprising a magnitude of the absolute slope; and

predicting a future frequency of the RA RF signal based on the calculated first, second, and third characteristic parameters.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein down-converting the RA RF signal further comprises converting the RA RF signal to a baseband frequency signal.

15. The method of claim 13, wherein the magnitude of the absolute slope is determined based on a relative phase difference between an in-phase (I) component and a quadrature-phase (Q) component of the down-converted signal.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein calculating the third characteristic further comprises determining magnitude of the absolute slope as positive when the I-signal'"'"'s sinusoid is leading the Q-signal'"'"'s sinusoid before a passband midpoint and the Q-signal'"'"'s sinusoid is leading an I-signal'"'"'s sinusoid after the passband midpoint, and determining the slope as negative when the Q-signal'"'"'s sinusoid is leading the I-signal'"'"'s sinusoid before a passband midpoint and the I-signal'"'"'s sinusoid is leading the Q-signal'"'"'s sinusoid after the passband midpoint.

17. The method of claim 15, wherein calculating the first characteristic parameter further comprises determining the absolute slope is a result of division of a first difference between a first point in time and a second point time by the filter bandwidth, wherein the first point in time is time when a respective chirp begins and the second point in time is time when the respective chirp ends.

18. The method of claim 15, wherein calculating the second characteristic further comprises determining the period is a second difference between a first point in time and a third point in time, wherein the first point in time is when a first chirp begins and the third point in time is when a second chirp begins, wherein the first chirp and the second chirp have the same slope.

19. A wireless communication system, the system comprising:

a plurality of device nodes aboard an aircraft that share a radio frequency spectrum using time-division multiple access (TDMA);

a radio altimeter tracking filter configured to output characteristic parameters characterizing a radio altimeter signal transmitted by a radio altimeter aboard the aircraft; and

a timeslot allocation function coupled to the radio altimeter tracking filter, wherein the timeslot allocation function allocates timeslots to channels within the radio frequency spectrum based on the characterization parameters;

wherein the radio altimeter tracking filter is configured to wirelessly receive the radio altimeter signal and convert the radio altimeter signal to a baseband frequency signal, wherein the a radio altimeter signal sweeps across the radio frequency spectrum between a first frequency and a second frequency;

wherein the radio altimeter tracking filter implements a filter comprising a passband having a first filter bandwidth, wherein the filter outputs a plurality of spectral chirps in response to the baseband frequency signal passing through the first bandwidth; and

wherein the radio altimeter tracking filter is configured to process the plurality of spectral chirps to output the characteristic parameters that characterize the radio altimeter signal.

20. The system of claim 19, wherein the baseband frequency signal comprises in-phase (I) component and a quadrature-phase (Q) component;

wherein the characteristic parameters comprise at least;

a first characteristic parameter comprising a period of the radio altimeter signal;

a second characteristic parameter comprising an absolute slope of the radio altimeter signal; and

a third characteristic parameter comprising a magnitude of the absolute slope, wherein the magnitude of the absolute slope is determined based on a relative phase difference between the in-phase component and the quadrature-phase component of the baseband frequency signal.