Collecting battery pack state information

• US 10,762,553 B2
• Filed: 10/31/2016
• Issued: 09/01/2020
• Est. Priority Date: 07/07/2016
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: NIO Technology Company Limited (Shanghai Anbin Technology Co., Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: Nio Usa Inc.
• Inventors: Ricci, Christopher P.
• Primary Examiner(s): Tran, Khoi H
• Assistant Examiner(s): Hannan, B M M
• Application Number:
  US15/339,540
• Publication Number:
  US 20180009330A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,401 Days
• Field of Search: 701 315
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2503/22 Motor vehicles operators, e.g. drivers, pilots, captains
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• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1176 Recognition of faces
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 2360/334 Projection means
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 35/00 Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 35/212 displaying on manual operation elements, e.g. on a knob
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/20 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/549 Current
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/70 Interactions with external data bases, e.g. traffic centres
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/72 Charging station selection relying on external data
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2270/32 of electricity
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 5/24 Pantographs
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/53 in combination with an external power supply, e.g. from overhead contact lines
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• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/12 Inductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/14 Conductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/65 involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/665 Methods related to measuring, billing or payment
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/80 Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
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• CPC Class Codes: B60M 1/00 : Power supply lines for contact with collector on vehicle collectors therefor B60L5/00
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• CPC Class Codes: B60R 2011/004 : outside the vehicle
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• CPC Class Codes: B60Y 2200/92 : Hybrid vehicles
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• CPC Class Codes: G01C 21/36 : Input/output arrangements for on-board computers
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• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0708 : the source being electromagnetic or magnetic
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10257 : arrangements for protecting the interrogation against piracy attacks computer security in general G06F21/00; jamming of communication, countermeasures H04K3/00; secret communication H04K1/00
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10316 : using at least one antenna particularly designed for interrogating the wireless record carriers antennas in general H01Q1/22
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10425 : the interrogation device being arranged for interrogation of record carriers passing by the interrogation device
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/20 : Administration of product repair or maintenance
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 20/105 : involving programming of a portable memory device, e.g. IC cards, "electronic purses"
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 20/108 : Remote banking, e.g. home banking
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 20/14 : specially adapted for billing systems
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 20/308 : using the Internet of Things
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• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 20/4012 : Verifying personal identification numbers [PIN]
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 20/405 : Establishing or using transaction specific rules
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 30/012 : Providing warranty services
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 30/0206 : Price or cost determination based on market factors
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 30/0208 : Trade or exchange of goods or services in exchange for incentives or rewards
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 30/0601 : Electronic shopping [e-shopping]
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 30/0609 : Buyer or seller confidence or verification
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 30/0613 : Third-party assisted
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 30/0625 : Directed, with specific intent or strategy
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 30/0635 : Processing of requisition or of purchase orders
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 30/0637 : Approvals
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 20/59 : inside of a vehicle, e.g. relating to seat occupancy, driver state or inner lighting conditions
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 20/597 : Recognising the driver's state or behaviour, e.g. attention or drowsiness
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 40/10 : Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 40/1365 : Matching; Classification
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 40/172 : Classification, e.g. identification
• CPC Class Codes: G07B 15/063 : using wireless information transmission between the vehicle and a fixed station identification of vehicles G08G
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 5/008 : communicating information to a remotely located station transmission systems for measured values G08C
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 5/02 : Registering or indicating driving, working, idle, or waiting time only apparatus forming part of taximeters G07B13/00
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 5/0808 : Diagnosing performance data testing of vehicles G01M17/00; testing of electrical installation on vehicles G01R31/005
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 5/0816 : Indicating performance data, e.g. occurrence of a malfunction
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 5/0858 : wherein the data carrier is removable
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 9/00563 : using personal physical data of the operator, e.g. finger prints, retinal images, voicepatterns
• CPC Class Codes: G08G 1/017 : identifying vehicles G08G1/015, G08G1/054 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G08G 1/0962 : having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
• CPC Class Codes: G08G 1/09626 : where the origin of the information is within the own vehicle, e.g. a local storage device, digital map
• CPC Class Codes: G08G 1/096775 : where the origin of the information is a central station
• CPC Class Codes: G08G 1/096827 : where the route is computed onboard
• CPC Class Codes: G08G 1/096838 : where the user preferences are taken into account or the user selects one route out of a plurality
• CPC Class Codes: G08G 1/16 : Anti-collision systems road vehicle drive control systems for predicting or avoiding probable or impending collision otherwise than by control of a particular sub-unit B60W30/08
• CPC Class Codes: G08G 1/20 : Monitoring the location of vehicles belonging to a group, e.g. fleet of vehicles, countable or determined number of vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/325 : characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/3266 : using the mirror of the vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/3275 : mounted on a horizontal surface of the vehicle, e.g. on roof, hood, trunk
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/3283 : side-mounted antennas, e.g. bumper-mounted, door-mounted mounted on windscreens H01Q1/1271
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/3291 : mounted in or on other locations inside the vehicle or vehicle body
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 21/30 : Combinations of separate antenna units operating in different wavebands and connected to a common feeder system
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0068 : Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply H02J7/0013 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/79 : for data transfer in combination with power transfer
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2209/80 : Wireless network architectures or network communication protocols for wireless network security H04W12/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2209/805 : Lightweight hardware, e.g. radio-frequency identification [RFID] or sensor
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2209/84 : Vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 63/0428 : wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/321 : involving a third party or a trusted authority
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/3226 : using a predetermined code, e.g. password, passphrase or PIN network architectures or network communication protocols for supporting authentication of entities using passwords in a packet data network H04L63/083
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 12/02 : Protecting privacy or anonymity, e.g. protecting personally identifiable information [PII]
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 12/03 : Protecting confidentiality, e.g. by encryption
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 12/04 : Key management, e.g. using generic bootstrapping architecture [GBA]
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 12/06 : Authentication
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/40 : for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/44 : for communication between vehicles and infrastructures, e.g. vehicle-to-cloud [V2C] or vehicle-to-home [V2H]
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/46 : for vehicle-to-vehicle communication [V2V]
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/80 : Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 : Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 : Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 : Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/14 : Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Abstract

Systems of an electrical vehicle and the operations thereof are provided that use identifiers and sensed power source parameters to determine whether a rule, such as a warranty or licensing requirement, has been violated.

Claims

1. A vehicle, comprising:

a power source to propel the vehicle, the power source having one or more identifiers associated therewith;

a user interface to receive commands from an occupant and provide output to the occupant;

a plurality of on board sensors to sense one or more parameters associated with the power source;

a reader to determine the one or more identifiers for the power source;

a computer readable medium for storing the one or more sensed parameters for the power source; and

an on board microprocessor, coupled with the computer readable medium, that is programmed to;

provide the one or more identifiers and the one or more sensed parameters for the power source to a remote server to determine, based on stored parameter magnitudes over time for the power source identified by the one or more identifiers, whether the one or more sensed parameters for the power source fall within a standard deviation of the stored parameter magnitudes over time for the power source, the standard deviation defining a range of match values above and below the stored parameter magnitudes over time, and apply the following rules;

when the one or more sensed parameters for the power source fall below and outside the standard deviation of the stored parameter magnitudes over time for the power source, determine that a rule is violated and send, to the occupant via the user interface, a notice comprising information about the one or more sensed parameters for the power source falling below and outside the standard deviation of the stored parameter magnitudes over time for the power source;

when the one or more sensed parameters for the power source fall above and outside the standard deviation of the stored parameter magnitudes over time for the power source, determine that the rule is violated and send, to the occupant via the user interface, a notice comprising information about the one or more sensed parameters for the power source falling above and outside the standard deviation of the stored parameter magnitudes over time for the power source; and

when the one or more sensed parameters for the power source fall within the standard deviation of the stored parameter magnitudes over time for the power source, determine that the rule is not violated and transmit, to the occupant via the user interface, a response comprising information about the one or more sensed parameters for the power source falling within the standard deviation of the stored parameter magnitudes over time for the power source.

2. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein the rule is a warranty rule, wherein the power source is a battery pack, and wherein the one or more identifiers are a serial code, Universal Product Code (“

UPC”

), Quick Response (“

QR”

) code, Electronic Product Code (“

EPC”

), or RFID tag and wherein the one or more sensed parameters for the power source and the one or more stored parameter magnitudes over time for the power source correspond to one or more of stored energy level, winding temperature, voltage level, output electrical current, electrical current direction of flow, leakage current, temperature, state-of-charge, state-of-health, state-of-function, number of charge-discharge cycles, depth of discharge, cycle life, and calendar life.

3. The vehicle of claim 2, wherein the one or more sensed parameters for the power source and the one or more stored parameter magnitudes over time for the power source correspond to one or more of stored energy level, voltage level, output electrical current, leakage current, state-of-charge, state-of-health, state-of-function, number of charge-discharge cycles, cycle life, and calendar life, wherein the one or more identifiers and the one or more sensed parameters for the power source and the one or more stored parameter magnitudes over time for the power source are associated with a module, battery, or cell, wherein the one or more identifiers are each multiple identifiers, and wherein the one or more sensed parameters for the power source and the one or more stored parameter magnitudes over time for the power source are each multiple power source parameters.

4. The vehicle of claim 3, wherein the one or more identifiers comprises an RFID associated with an RFID tag, wherein more than one RFID tag responds at a selected time to the reader, and wherein to disambiguate between concurrent responses from different RFID tags, the reader broadcasts (a) an initialization command and a parameter that each RFID tag individually uses to pseudo-randomly delay a respective response or (b) sends an initialization symbol and then transmits one or more bits of identification data at a time, with only a single RFID tag having a matching bit responding to the transmitted one or more bits of identification data.

5. The vehicle of claim 2, wherein the one or more stored parameter magnitudes over time for the power source and the one or more sensed parameters for the power source are each non-uniform among power sources of plural vehicles and are time-varying or stored charge-varying.

6. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein the one or more sensed parameters for the power source define a current magnitude of a state-of-health associated with the power source, and wherein determining that the rule is violated comprises determining that the current magnitude of the state-of-health associated with the power source falls below a stored magnitude of a state-of-health for the power source.

7. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein the reader is one or more of an active RFID tag reader, optical reader, illumination source and optical sensor, and magnetic reader.

8. A vehicle, comprising:

a power source to propel the vehicle, the power source having one or more identifiers associated therewith;

a user interface to receive commands from an occupant and provide output to the occupant;

a plurality of on board sensors to sense one or more parameters associated with the power source;

a reader to determine the one or more identifiers for the power source;

a computer readable medium for storing the one or more sensed parameters for the power source; and

an on board microprocessor, coupled with the computer readable medium, that is programmed to;

determine, based on stored parameter magnitudes over time for the power source identified by the one or more identifiers, whether the one or more sensed parameters for the power source fall within a standard deviation of the stored parameter magnitudes over time for the power source, the standard deviation defining a range of match values above and below the stored parameter magnitudes over time, and apply the following rules;

when the one or more sensed parameters for the power source fall below and outside the standard deviation of the stored parameter magnitudes over time for the power source, determine that a rule is violated and send, to the user interface, a notice comprising information about the one or more sensed parameters for the power source falling below and outside the standard deviation of the stored parameter magnitudes over time for the power source;

when the one or more sensed parameters for the power source fall above and outside the standard deviation of the stored parameter magnitudes over time for the power source, determine that the rule is violated and send, to the occupant via the user interface, a notice comprising information about the one or more sensed parameters for the power source falling above and outside the standard deviation of the stored parameter magnitudes over time for the power source; and

when the one or more sensed parameters for the power source fall within the standard deviation of the stored parameter magnitudes over time for the power source, determine that the rule is not violated and transmit, to the occupant via the user interface, a response comprising information about the one or more sensed parameters for the power source falling within the standard deviation of the stored parameter magnitudes over time for the power source.

9. The vehicle of claim 8, wherein the rule is a warranty rule, wherein the power source is a battery pack, and wherein the one or more identifiers are a serial code, Universal Product Code (“

UPC”

), Quick Response (“

QR”

) code, Electronic Product Code (“

EPC”

), or RFID tag and wherein the one or more sensed parameters of the power source and the one or more stored parameter magnitudes over time for the power source correspond to one or more of stored energy level, winding temperature, voltage level, output electrical current, electrical current direction of flow, leakage current, temperature, state-of-charge, state-of-health, state-of-function, number of charge-discharge cycles, depth of discharge, cycle life, and calendar life.

10. The vehicle of claim 9, wherein the one or more sensed parameters for the power source and the one or more stored parameter magnitudes over time for the power source correspond to one or more of stored energy level, voltage level, output electrical current, leakage current, state-of-charge, state-of-health, state-of-function, number of charge-discharge cycles, cycle life, and calendar life, wherein the one or more identifiers and the one or more sensed parameters for the power source and the one or more stored parameter magnitudes over time for the power source are associated with a module, battery, or cell, wherein the one or more identifiers are each multiple identifiers, and wherein the one or more sensed parameters for the power source and the one or more stored parameter magnitudes over time for the power source are each multiple power source parameters.

11. The vehicle of claim 10, wherein the one or more identifiers is an RFID associated with an RFID tag, wherein more than one RFID tag responds at a selected time to the reader, and wherein to disambiguate between concurrent responses from different RFID tags, the reader broadcasts (a) an initialization command and a parameter that each RFID tag individually uses to pseudo-randomly delay a respective response or (b) sends an initialization symbol and then transmits one or more bits of identification data at a time, with only a single RFID tag having a matching bit responding to the transmitted one or more bits of identification data.

12. The vehicle of claim 9, wherein the one or more stored parameter magnitudes over time for the power source and the one or more sensed parameters for the power source are each non-uniform among power sources of plural vehicles and are time-varying or stored charge-varying.

13. The vehicle of claim 8, wherein the one or more sensed parameters for the power source define a current magnitude of a state-of-health associated with the power source, and wherein determining that the rule is violated comprises determining that the current magnitude of the state-of-health associated with the power source falls below a stored magnitude of a state-of-health for the power source.

14. The vehicle of claim 8, wherein the reader is one or more of an active RFID tag reader, optical reader, illumination source and optical sensor, and magnetic reader.

15. A server, comprising:

a computer readable medium for storing one or more identifiers and one or more parameters for a power source corresponding to plural vehicles, each vehicle comprising the corresponding power source to propel the vehicle, the corresponding power source having one or more identifiers associated therewith, a plurality of on board sensors to sense one or more parameters for the corresponding power source, and a reader to determine the one or more identifiers for the corresponding power source; and

a microprocessor, coupled with the computer readable medium, that is programmed to;

receive, from each vehicle, the respective one or more identifiers and the respective sensed parameter for the corresponding power source to determine, based on stored parameter magnitudes over time for the corresponding power source identified by the one or more stored identifiers, whether the one or more sensed parameters for the corresponding power source fall within a standard deviation of the stored parameter magnitudes over time for the corresponding power source, the standard deviation defining a range of match values above and below the stored parameter magnitudes over time, and apply the following rules for each vehicle;

when the one or more sensed parameters for the corresponding power source fall below and outside the standard deviation of the stored parameter magnitudes over time for the corresponding power source, determine that a rule is violated and cause a notice comprising information about the one or more sensed parameters for the corresponding power source falling below and outside the standard deviation of the stored parameter magnitudes over time for the corresponding power source to be sent to an occupant via a user interface;

when the one or more sensed parameters for the corresponding power source fall above and outside the standard deviation of the stored parameter magnitudes over time for the corresponding power source, determine that the rule is violated and cause a notice comprising information about the one or more sensed parameters for the corresponding power source falling above and outside the standard deviation of the stored parameter magnitudes over time for the corresponding power source to be sent to the occupant via the user interface; and

when the one or more sensed parameters for the corresponding power source falls within the standard deviation of the stored parameter magnitudes over time for the corresponding power source, determine that the rule is not violated and cause a response comprising information about the one or more sensed parameters for the corresponding power source falling within the standard deviation of the stored parameter magnitudes over time for the corresponding power source to be transmitted for presentation to the occupant via the user interface.

16. The server of claim 15, wherein the rule is a warranty or licensing rule, wherein the power source is a battery pack, and wherein the one or more identifiers are a serial code, Universal Product Code (“

UPC”

), Quick Response (“

QR”

) code, Electronic Product Code (“

EPC”

), or RFID tag and wherein the one or more sensed parameters for the power source and the one or more stored parameter magnitudes over time for the power source correspond to one or more of stored energy level, winding temperature, voltage level, output electrical current, electrical current direction of flow, leakage current, temperature, state-of-charge, state-of-health, state-of-function, number of charge-discharge cycles, depth of discharge, cycle life, and calendar life.

17. The server of claim 16, wherein the one or more sensed parameters for the power source and the one or more stored parameter magnitudes over time for the power source correspond to one or more of stored energy level, voltage level, output electrical current, leakage current, state-of-charge, state-of-health, state-of-function, number of charge-discharge cycles, cycle life, and calendar life, wherein, for a selected vehicle, the one or more identifiers and the one or more sensed parameters for the power source and the one or more stored parameter magnitudes over time for the power source are associated with a module, battery, or cell, wherein, for the selected vehicle, the one or more identifiers are each multiple identifiers, and wherein, for the selected vehicle, the sensed one or more parameters for the power source and the one or more stored parameter magnitudes over time for the power source are each multiple power source parameters.

18. The server of claim 17, wherein the one or more identifiers comprise an RFID associated with an RFID tag, wherein more than one RFID tag responds at a selected time to the reader of the selected vehicle, and wherein to disambiguate between concurrent responses from different RFID tags, the reader broadcasts (a) an initialization command and a parameter that each RFID tag individually uses to pseudo-randomly delay a respective response or (b) sends an initialization symbol and then transmits one or more bits of identification data at a time, with only a single RFID tag having a matching bit responding to the transmitted one or more bits of identification data.

19. The server of claim 15, wherein, for a selected vehicle, the one or more sensed parameters for the power source define a current magnitude of a state-of-health associated with the power source, and wherein determining that the rule is violated comprises determining that the current magnitude of the state-of-health associated with the power source falls below a stored magnitude of a state-of-health for the power source.

20. The server of claim 15, wherein the reader is one or more of an active RFID tag reader, optical reader, illumination source and optical sensor, and magnetic reader.