Segment routing over label distribution protocol

• US 10,764,146 B2
• Filed: 03/28/2019
• Issued: 09/01/2020
• Est. Priority Date: 03/15/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Inventors: Bashandy, Ahmed R., Filsfils, Clarence, Ward, David D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Liu, Jung
• Application Number:
  US16/367,869
• Publication Number:
  US 20190222483A1
• Time in Patent Office: 523 Days
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/4633 Interconnection of networks using encapsulation techniques, e.g. tunneling
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/12 Discovery or management of network topologies
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/04 Interdomain routing, e.g. hierarchical routing
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/12 Shortest path evaluation
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/46 Cluster building
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/50 using label swapping, e.g. multi-protocol label switch [MPLS]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/507 Label distribution
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/54 Organization of routing tables
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/74 Address processing for routing
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/745 Address table lookup; Address filtering
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/7452 Multiple parallel or consecutive lookup operations lookup operation involving Bloom filters H04L45/7459
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/724 at intermediate nodes, e.g. resource reservation protocol [RSVP]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/608 ATM switches adapted to switch variable length packets, e.g. IP packets

Abstract

An apparatus and method is disclosed for segment routing (SR) over label distribution protocol (LDP). In one embodiment, the method includes a node receiving a packet with an attached segment ID. In response, the node may attach a label to the packet. Thereafter, the node may forward the packet with the attached label and segment ID to another node via a label switched path (LSP).

Claims

1. A method comprising:

a node receiving a packet with an attached segment ID stack, wherein the segment ID stack comprises a first segment ID, a second segment ID, and a service segment ID, wherein the first segment ID and the service segment ID correspond to the node and a service provided by the node, respectively, wherein the second segment ID corresponds to another node, and wherein the node and the other node are in a network of nodes;

the node processing the packet in accordance with the service;

the node forwarding the packet after it is processed.

2. The method of claim 1 further comprising the node advertising the first segment ID and the service segment ID to other nodes before the node receives the packet with the attached segment ID stack.

3. The method of claim 1 further comprising the node removing both the first segment ID and the service segment ID from the segment ID stack before the forwarding.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the first segment ID comprises a nodal segment ID.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein the first segment ID comprises an adjacency segment ID.

6. The method of claim 1:

wherein the packet comprises a pointer that points to the first segment ID when the packet is received by the node;

wherein the method further comprises modifying the pointer so that it points to the second segment ID before the forwarding;

wherein the packet is forwarded with the segment ID stack attached to it.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein the service comprises deep packet inspection.

8. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

the node accessing a forwarding table using the second segment ID to read an interface identifier mapped thereto;

the node forwarding the packet with attached segment ID stack to a neighbor node via an interface identified by the interface identifier.

9. An apparatus comprising:

a first node comprising a first interface for receiving a packet with an attached segment ID stack, wherein the segment ID stack comprises a first segment ID, a second segment ID, and a service segment ID, wherein the first segment ID and the service segment ID correspond to the first node and a service provided by the first node, respectively, wherein the second segment ID corresponds to another node;

the first node comprising a module for processing the packet in accordance with the service;

the first node comprising a second interface for forwarding the packet after it is processed in accordance with the service.

10. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein the first node comprises a module for advertising the first segment ID and the service segment ID to other nodes before the first node receives the packet with the attached segment ID stack.

11. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein the first node comprises a module for deleting both the first segment ID and the service segment ID from the segment ID stack before the first node forwards the processed packet.

12. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein the first segment ID comprises a nodal segment ID.

13. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein the first segment ID comprises an adjacency segment ID.

14. The apparatus of claim 9:

wherein the packet comprises a pointer that points to the first segment ID when the packet is received by the node;

wherein the first node further comprises a module for modifying the pointer so that it points to the second segment ID before the first node forwards the processed packet with the segment ID stack attached thereto.

15. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein the service comprises a deep packet inspection.

16. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein the first node comprises a forwarding table that maps the second segment ID to an interface identifier that corresponds to the second interface.

17. A system comprising:

a first node comprising a first interface for receiving a packet;

the first node comprising a module for attaching a segment ID stack to the packet, wherein the segment ID stack comprises a first segment ID, a second segment ID and a service segment ID, wherein the first segment ID and the service segment ID correspond to a second node and a service provided by the second node, respectively, and wherein the second segment ID corresponds to a third node;

the first node comprising a second interface for forwarding the packet towards the second node after the first node attaches the segment ID stack.

18. The system of claim 17 further comprising:

the second node, wherein the second node comprises;

an interface for receiving the packet with the attached segment ID stack;

the second node comprising a module for processing the packet in accordance with the service;

the second node comprising another interface for forwarding the packet after it is processed in accordance with the service.

19. The system of claim 17 wherein the second node comprises a module for advertising the first segment ID and the service segment ID to other nodes in the system before the second node receives the packet with the attached segment ID stack.

20. The system of claim 17 wherein the first segment ID comprises a nodal segment ID.