Maximizing of energy delivery system compatibility with voltage optimization

• US 10,768,655 B2
• Filed: 03/27/2019
• Issued: 09/08/2020
• Est. Priority Date: 03/15/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Dominion Energy, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Dominion Energy, Inc.
• Inventors: Powell, Phillip W., Tyler, Stephen J., Peskin, Melissa A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Wang, Philip
• Application Number:
  US16/366,356
• Publication Number:
  US 20190243404A1
• Time in Patent Office: 531 Days
• Field of Search: None
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 15/02 electric
• CPC Class Codes: G05F 1/66 Regulating electric power
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00006 characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00007 using the power network as support for the transmission
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00017 using optical fiber
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00034 the elements or equipment being or involving an electric power substation
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/1821 using shunt compensators H02J3/1807, H02J3/1878 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/46 Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 90/20 Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector smart grids supporting the management or operation of end-user stationary applications in general, or like technologies with no associated climate change mitigation effect Y04S20/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 40/30 Reactive power compensation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 40/70 Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/22 Flexible AC transmission systems [FACTS] or power factor or reactive power compensating or correcting units
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/50 Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 40/12 characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 40/121 using the power network as support for the transmission
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 40/124 using wired telecommunication networks or data transmission busses

Abstract

A method, apparatus, system and computer program is provided for controlling an electric power system, including implementation of a voltage control and conservation (VCC) system used to optimally control the independent voltage and capacitor banks using a linear optimization methodology to minimize the losses in the EEDCS and the EUS. An energy validation process system (EVP) is provided which is used to document the savings of the VCC and an EPP is used to optimize improvements to the EEDCS for continuously improving the energy losses in the EEDS. The EVP system measures the improvement in the EEDS a result of operating the VCC system in the “ON” state determining the level of energy conservation achieved by the VCC system. In addition the VCC system monitors pattern recognition events and compares them to the report-by-exception data to detect HVL events. If one is detected the VCC optimizes the capacity of the EEDS to respond to the HVL events by centering the piecewise linear solution maximizing the ability of the EDDS to absorb the HVL event.

Claims

1. A control system for an electric power grid configured to supply electric power from a supply point to a plurality of consumption locations, the system comprising:

a plurality of sensors, wherein each sensor is located at a respective one of a plurality of distribution locations on the electric power grid at or between the supply point and at least one of the plurality of consumption locations, and wherein each sensor is configured to sense at least one component of a supplied electric power at the respective distribution location and at least one of the plurality of sensors is configured to generate measurement data based on the sensed component of the power;

a controller adapted to receive the measurement data from the sensors and to communicate with at least one component adjusting device to adjust a component of the electric power grid, wherein the controller is adapted to operate the at least one component adjusting device within first upper and lower limits for a first control mode or within second upper and lower limits for a high variation and loading (HVL) control mode, and the controller is adapted to select either first or HVL control modes for each block within a plurality of blocks of the electric power grid; and

wherein the at least one component adjusting device is adapted to adjust a component of the electric power grid based on the measurement data.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the component of the supplied electric power is voltage and the first and second upper and lower limits are first and second controller target bands.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the first control mode is conservation voltage reduction (CVR).

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is adapted to receive the measurement data from each sensors of a subset of the plurality of sensors and the controller is adapted to operate the at least one component adjusting device based on the measurement data received from the subset.

5. The system of claim 2, wherein the voltage component of the supplied electric power includes the voltage magnitude and the voltage angle.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the controller selects either the first or HVL control modes based on a determination of the system energy state using a measurement of source energy and measurement data received from the sensors.

7. The system of claim 4, wherein the subset is chosen based on a characteristic of the sensor.

8. The system of claim 7, wherein the characteristic is that the sensors are within a specific block of the distribution grid.

9. The system of claim 7, wherein the characteristic is that the sensors are within a specific zone of the distribution grid.

10. The system of claim 4, wherein the controller is further adapted modify the first and HVL upper and lower limits based on a comparison of the measurement data received from the sensors.

11. The system of claim 6, wherein the controller is further adapted to add to the subset the at least one other sensor in response to receiving the report-by exception data.

12. The system of claim 11, wherein the report-by exception data is received when the at least one other sensor is outside at least one of first and second upper and lower limits.

13. The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is adapted to select either first or HVL control modes separately for each block within the plurality of blocks.

14. The system of claim 6, wherein the controller is a voltage controller and is further adapted to adjust an energy delivery parameter when one of the voltages at a user location or the determined average voltage is below a predetermined minimum voltage value, the predetermined minimum voltage value being based on a safe nominal operating range.

15. The system of claim 6, wherein the subset corresponds to a measured component phase and sensors of the subset sensing a component having an incorrect phase are deleted from the subset.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein there are a plurality of subsets of sensors, each corresponding to a phase of the component of electric power, and the sensors deleted from the subset due to incorrect phase are added to the subset having the correct corresponding phase.

17. The system of claim 1, wherein the component of the supplied electric power is at least one of phase angle, current angle, power factor, VAR and power vectors.

18. The system of claim 1, wherein the component adjusting device is adapted to vary at least one of a phase angle, a current angle, a power factor, a VAR and a power vector.

19. The system of claim 1, wherein the component of the supplied electric power is a complex voltage.

20. The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is further adapted to determine a complex voltage based on measurement data from the plurality of sensors.

21. The system of claim 4, wherein the subset for the first mode is different from the subset for the HVL mode.

22. The system of claim 10, wherein the controller is further adapted to determine the second upper and lower limits for the HVL control mode using a linear model.

23. The system of claim 22, wherein the linear model is a piecewise linear model.

24. The system of claim 4, wherein the controller is further adapted to select the first and/or HVL control modes based on a comparison of report-by-exception data to a previously stored HVL pattern.

25. A non-transitory computer readable media having instructions for a control system for an electric power grid adapted to supply electric power from a supply point to a plurality of consumption locations, the instructions comprising:

a sensor receiving instruction adapted to receive measurement data from at least one of a plurality of sensors, wherein each sensor is located at a respective one of a plurality of distribution locations on the electric power grid at or between the supply point and at least one of the plurality of consumption locations, and wherein each sensor is adapted to sense at least one component of a supplied electric power at the respective distribution location;

a controller instruction adapted to operate the at least one component adjusting device within first upper and lower limits for a first control mode or within second upper and lower limits for a high variation and loading (HVL) control mode, and the controller is adapted to select either the first or HVL control modes for each block within a plurality of blocks of the electric power grid;

a component adjusting instruction adapted to communicate with at least one component adjusting device and to cause the at least one component adjusting device to adjust a component of the electric power grid based on the measurement data.

26. The computer readable media of claim 25, wherein the component of the supplied electric power is voltage and the first and second upper and lower limits are first and second controller target bands.

27. The computer readable media of claim 26, wherein the first control mode is conservation voltage reduction (CVR).

28. The computer readable media of claim 25, wherein sensor receiving instruction is further adapted to receive the measurement data from each sensors of a subset of the plurality of sensors and the controller instruction further is adapted to operate the at least one component adjusting device based on the measurement data received from the subset.

29. The computer readable media of claim 26, wherein the voltage component of the supplied electric power includes the voltage magnitude and the voltage angle.

30. The computer readable media of claim 25, wherein the controller instruction is adapted to select either the first or HVL control modes based on a determination of the system energy state using a measurement of source energy and measurement data received from the sensors.

31. The computer readable media of claim 28, wherein the sensor receiving instruction is further adapted to receive report-by exception data from at least one other sensor of the plurality of sensors that is not included in the subset.

32. The computer readable media of claim 28, wherein the subset is chosen based on a characteristic of the sensor.

33. The computer readable media of claim 32, wherein the characteristic is that the sensors are within a specific block of the distribution grid.

34. The computer readable media of claim 32, wherein the characteristic is that the sensors are within a specific zone of the distribution grid.

35. The computer readable media of claim 28, wherein the controller instruction is further adapted modify the first and HVL upper and lower limits based on a comparison of the measurement data received from the sensors.

36. The computer readable media of claim 31, wherein the controller instruction is further adapted to add to the subset the at least one other sensor in response to receiving the report-by exception data.

37. The computer readable media of claim 36, wherein the report-by exception data is received when the at least one other sensor is outside at least one of first and second upper and lower limits.

38. The computer readable media of claim 25, wherein the controller instruction is further adapted to select either first or HVL control modes separately for each block within the plurality of blocks separately.

39. The computer readable media of claim 31, wherein the controller instruction is further adapted to adjust an energy delivery parameter when one of the voltages at a user location or the determined average voltage is below a predetermined minimum voltage value, the predetermined minimum voltage value being based on a safe nominal operating range.

40. The computer readable media of claim 31, wherein the subset corresponds to a measured component phase and sensors of the subset sensing a component having an incorrect phase are deleted from the subset.

41. The computer readable media of claim 40, wherein there are a plurality of subsets of sensors, each corresponding to a phase of the component of electric power, and the sensors deleted from the subset due to incorrect phase are added to the subset having the correct corresponding phase.

42. The computer readable media of claim 25, wherein the component of the supplied electric power is at least one of phase angle, current angle, power factor, VAR and power vectors.

43. The computer readable media of claim 25, wherein the component adjusting instruction is adapted to vary at least one of a phase angle, a current angle, a power factor, a VAR and a power vector.

44. The computer readable media of claim 25, wherein the component of the supplied electric power is a complex voltage.

45. The computer readable media of claim 25, wherein the controller instruction is further adapted to determine a complex voltage based on measurement data from the plurality of sensors.

46. The computer readable media of claim 28, wherein the subset for the first mode is different from the subset for the HVL mode.

47. The computer readable media of claim 35, wherein the controller instruction is further adapted to determine the second upper and lower limits for the HVL control mode using a linear model.

48. The computer readable media of claim 47, wherein the linear model is a piecewise linear model.