Broadband multiple layer dielectric resonator antenna and method of making the same
First Claim
1. A dielectric resonator antenna (DRA), comprising:
- an electrically conductive ground structure;
a plurality of volumes of dielectric materials disposed on the ground structure comprising N volumes, N being an integer equal to or greater than 3, disposed to form successive and sequential layered volumes V(i), i being an integer from 1 to N, wherein volume V(1) forms an innermost volume, wherein a successive volume V(i+1) forms a layered shell disposed over and at least partially embedding volume V(i), wherein volume V(N) at least partially embeds all volumes V(1) to V(N−
1);
a signal feed disposed and structured to be electromagnetically coupled to one or more of the plurality of volumes of dielectric materials;
wherein the DRA, when excited by an electrical signal on the signal feed, is configured to produce a far field 3D radiation pattern that occupies a topological space corresponding to a two-element homotopy group defined by a family of closed loop paths that are contractible at a single point, and by a family of the closed loop paths that are not contractible at a single point;
wherein a peripheral geometrical path at a periphery of the plurality of volumes of dielectric materials has a dielectric constant that supports a TM radiating mode in the peripheral geometrical path; and
wherein a central geometrical path within the plurality of volumes of dielectric materials has a dielectric constant that suppresses the TM radiating mode in the central geometrical path.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) includes: a plurality of volumes of dielectric materials comprising N volumes, N being an integer equal to or greater than 3, disposed to form successive and sequential layered volumes V(i), i being an integer from 1 to N, wherein volume V(1) forms an innermost volume, wherein a successive volume V(i+1) forms a layered shell disposed over and at least partially embedding volume V(i), wherein volume V(N) at least partially embeds all volumes V(1) to V(N−1); and, wherein the DRA when excited via an electrical signal is configured to produce a far field 3D radiation pattern that occupies a topological space corresponding to a two-element homotopy group defined by a family of closed loop paths that are contractible at a single point, and by a family of closed loop paths that are not contractible at a single point.
195 Citations
35 Claims
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1. A dielectric resonator antenna (DRA), comprising:
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an electrically conductive ground structure; a plurality of volumes of dielectric materials disposed on the ground structure comprising N volumes, N being an integer equal to or greater than 3, disposed to form successive and sequential layered volumes V(i), i being an integer from 1 to N, wherein volume V(1) forms an innermost volume, wherein a successive volume V(i+1) forms a layered shell disposed over and at least partially embedding volume V(i), wherein volume V(N) at least partially embeds all volumes V(1) to V(N−
1);a signal feed disposed and structured to be electromagnetically coupled to one or more of the plurality of volumes of dielectric materials; wherein the DRA, when excited by an electrical signal on the signal feed, is configured to produce a far field 3D radiation pattern that occupies a topological space corresponding to a two-element homotopy group defined by a family of closed loop paths that are contractible at a single point, and by a family of the closed loop paths that are not contractible at a single point; wherein a peripheral geometrical path at a periphery of the plurality of volumes of dielectric materials has a dielectric constant that supports a TM radiating mode in the peripheral geometrical path; and wherein a central geometrical path within the plurality of volumes of dielectric materials has a dielectric constant that suppresses the TM radiating mode in the central geometrical path. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)
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9. A dielectric resonator antenna (DRA), comprising:
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an electrically conductive ground structure; a plurality of volumes of dielectric materials disposed on the ground structure comprising N volumes, N being an integer equal to or greater than 3, disposed to form successive and sequential layered volumes V(i), i being an integer from 1 to N, wherein volume V(1) forms an innermost volume, wherein a successive volume V(i+1) forms a layered shell disposed over and at least partially embedding volume V(i), wherein volume V(N) at least partially embeds all volumes V(1) to V(N−
1);a signal feed disposed and structured to be electromagnetically coupled to one or more of the plurality of volumes of dielectric materials; wherein the DRA, when excited by an electrical signal on the signal feed, is configured to produce a far field 3D radiation pattern that occupies a topological space corresponding to a two-element homotopy group defined by a family of closed loop paths that are contractible at a single point, and by a family of the closed loop paths that are not contractible at a single point; and wherein the plurality of volumes of dielectric materials have a first electrical path with a first path length defined by a TE half wavelength resonance, and have a second geometrical path with a second path length defined by a TM half wavelength resonance, a ratio of the first path length to the second path length being equal to or greater than 1.6. - View Dependent Claims (10, 11, 12, 13)
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14. A dielectric resonator antenna (DRA), comprising:
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an electrically conductive ground structure; a plurality of volumes of dielectric materials disposed on the ground structure comprising N volumes, N being an integer equal to or greater than 3, disposed to form successive and sequential layered volumes V(i), i being an integer from 1 to N, wherein volume V(1) forms an innermost volume, wherein a successive volume V(i+1) forms a layered shell disposed over and at least partially embedding volume V(i), wherein volume V(N) at least partially embeds all volumes V(1) to V(N−
1);a signal feed disposed and structured to be electromagnetically coupled to one or more of the plurality of volumes of dielectric materials; wherein the DRA, when excited by an electrical signal on the signal feed, is configured to produce a far field 3D radiation pattern that occupies a topological space corresponding to a two-element homotopy group defined by a family of closed loop paths that are contractible at a single point, and by a family of the closed loop paths that are not contractible at a single point and a volume V(A) of one or more materials disposed within the plurality of volumes of dielectric materials, the volume V(A) being disposed diametrically opposing the signal feed and at least partially embedded in the same volume V(i) of the plurality of volumes of dielectric materials that the signal feed is disposed in or is in signal communication with, the volume V(A) having less volume than the volume V(i) that it is at least partially embedded in, the volume V(A) having a dielectric constant that is different from the dielectric constant of the volume V(i) that it is at least partially embedded in. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21)
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22. A dielectric resonator antenna (DRA), comprising:
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an electrically conductive ground structure; a plurality of volumes of dielectric materials disposed on the ground structure comprising N volumes, N being an integer equal to or greater than 3, disposed to form successive and sequential layered volumes V(i), i being an integer from 1 to N, wherein volume V(1) forms an innermost volume, wherein a successive volume V(i+1) forms a layered shell disposed over and at least partially embedding volume V(i), wherein volume V(N) at least partially embeds all volumes V(1) to V(N−
1);a signal feed disposed and structured to be electromagnetically coupled to one or more of the plurality of volumes of dielectric materials; wherein the DRA, when excited by an electrical signal on the signal feed, is configured to produce a far field 3D radiation pattern that occupies a topological space corresponding to a two-element homotopy group defined by a family of closed loop paths that are contractible at a single point, and by a family of the closed loop paths that are not contractible at a single point; further comprising an electrically conductive fence disposed circumferentially around the plurality of volumes of dielectric materials, and electrically connects with and forms part of the ground structure; wherein the electrically conductive fence has a non-uniform interior shape that provides at least one alignment feature; and wherein the plurality of volumes of dielectric materials has a complementary exterior shape that complements the non-uniform interior shape and the at least one alignment feature of the fence, such that the fence and the plurality of volumes of dielectric materials have a defined and fixed alignment relative to each other via the at least one alignment feature. - View Dependent Claims (23, 24)
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25. A dielectric resonator antenna (DRA), comprising:
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a plurality of volumes of dielectric materials comprising N volumes, N being an integer equal to or greater than 3, disposed to form successive and sequential layered volumes V(i), i being an integer from 1 to N, wherein volume V(1) forms an innermost volume, wherein a successive volume V(i+1) forms a layered shell disposed over and at least partially embedding volume V(i), wherein volume V(N) at least partially embeds all volumes V(1) to V(N−
1);wherein the DRA, when excited via an electrical signal, is configured to produce a far field 3D radiation pattern that occupies a topological space corresponding to a two-element homotopy group defined by a family of closed loop paths that are contractible at a single point, and by a family of closed loop paths that are not contractible at a single point; wherein a peripheral geometrical path at a periphery of the plurality of volumes of dielectric materials has a dielectric constant that supports a TM radiating mode in the peripheral geometrical path; and wherein a central geometrical path within the plurality of volumes of dielectric materials has a dielectric constant that suppresses the TM radiating mode in the central geometrical path. - View Dependent Claims (26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33)
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34. A dielectric resonator antenna (DRA), comprising:
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a plurality of volumes of dielectric materials comprising N volumes, N being an integer equal to or greater than 3, disposed to form successive and sequential layered volumes V(i), i being an integer from 1 to N, wherein volume V(1) forms an innermost volume, wherein a successive volume V(i+1) forms a layered shell disposed over and at least partially embedding volume V(i), wherein volume V(N) at least partially embeds all volumes V(1) to V(N−
1);wherein the DRA, when excited via an electrical signal, is configured to produce a far field 3D radiation pattern that occupies a topological space corresponding to a two-element homotopy group defined by a family of closed loop paths that are contractible at a single point, and by a family of closed loop paths that are not contractible at a single point; and wherein the plurality of volumes of dielectric materials have a first electrical path with a first path length defined by a TE half wavelength resonance, and have a second geometrical path with a second path length defined by a TM half wavelength resonance, a ratio of the first path length to the second path length being equal to or greater than 1.6. - View Dependent Claims (35)
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Specification