Systems and methods for therapeutic intrathoracic pressure regulation

• US 10,874,809 B2
• Filed: 06/29/2018
• Issued: 12/29/2020
• Est. Priority Date: 12/19/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Zoll Medical Corporation (Asahi Kasei Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Zoll Medical Corporation (Asahi Kasei Corporation)
• Inventors: Homuth, James, Voss, Greg, Metzger, Anja, Lurie, Keith
• Primary Examiner(s): Boecker, Joseph D.
• Application Number:
  US16/022,922
• Publication Number:
  US 20190030269A1
• Time in Patent Office: 914 Days
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/087 Measuring breath flow
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4836 Diagnosis combined with treatment in closed-loop systems or methods A61B5/0036 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/00 Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes stimulating the respiratory movement by mechanical, pneumatic or electrical means, iron lungs combined with gas breathing means A61H31/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0009 with sub-atmospheric pressure, e.g. during expiration
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0012 by Venturi means
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0063 Compressors
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0066 Blowers or centrifugal pumps
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0069 the speed thereof being controlled by respiratory parameters, e.g. by inhalation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0072 Tidal volume piston pumps
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0078 Breathing bags
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0081 Bag or bellow in a bottle
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0084 self-reinflatable by elasticity, e.g. resuscitation squeeze bags
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/01 specially adapted for anaesthetising A61M16/104, A61M16/18 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/024 including calculation means, e.g. using a processor
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0816 Joints or connectors
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0875 Connecting tubes
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0891 Closed circuit, e.g. for anaesthesia
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/1015 using a gas flush valve, e.g. oxygen flush valve
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/1055 bacterial
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/1065 in the expiratory path
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/12 : by mixing different gases
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/18 : Vaporising devices for anaesthetic preparations
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/204 : used for inhalation control
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/208 : Non-controlled one-way valves, e.g. exhalation, check, pop-off non-rebreathing valves
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/209 : Relief valves
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/22 : Carbon dioxide-absorbing devices ; Other means for removing carbon dioxidecartridges with absorbing substances for respiratory apparatus A62B19/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0027 : pressure meter
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0036 : in the breathing tube and used in both inspiratory and expiratory phase
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0042 : in the expiratory circuit
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/05 : combined with other kinds of therapy
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2206/10 : Flow characteristics
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2230/432 : partial CO2 pressure (P-CO2)

Abstract

Embodiments of the present invention provide systems and methods for delivering respiratory treatment to a patient. For example, a treatment system may include a mechanism for delivering a positive pressure breath to a patient, and one or more limb flow control assemblies which modulate gas flow to and from the patient. Exemplary treatment techniques are embodied in anesthesia machines, mechanical ventilators, and manual ventilators.

Claims

1. A system for providing intrathoracic pressure regulation (IPR) to an individual comprising:

a patient connection port for coupling with an airway of the individual;

a vent configured to be in fluid communication with a pressure source or ambient air;

a housing comprising a fluid flow passage extending between the patient connection port and the vent;

a blower disposed within the fluid flow passage of the housing between the patient connection port and the vent; and

a motor configured to be operatively coupled with the blower for the blower to extract gas from the patient connection port,

wherein the blower, motor and fluid flow passage in operation are configured to allow retrograde airflow from the vent to the patient connection port and compel airflow from the patient connection port to the vent simultaneously with the retrograde airflow.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the motor is configured to operate the blower to provide a reduction in pressure in the airway of the individual.

3. The system according to claim 1, wherein the blower comprises an impeller.

4. The system according to claim 3, wherein the impeller is operatively associated with the motor by way of a magnetic clutch.

5. The system according to claim 1, wherein the blower, motor and fluid flow passage in operation are configured to generate a pressure differential within a range of between about 0 cm H₂O and about 20 cm H₂O.

6. The system according to claim 1, wherein the blower, motor and fluid flow passage in operation are configured to generate a pressure differential within a range of between about 3 cm H₂O and about 16 cm H₂O.

7. The system according to claim 1, wherein the blower, motor and fluid flow passage in operation are configured to permit airflow between the patient connection port and the vent, without forming a physical barrier that prevents airflow therebetween.

8. The system according to claim 1, wherein the blower, motor and fluid flow passage in operation are configured to maintain sub-atmospheric pressures within the thorax of the individual.

9. The system according to claim 1, further comprising a pressure sensor that monitors the individual'"'"'s airway pressure, and further comprising a controller configured to receive information from the pressure sensor and control operation of the motor based on the information.

10. The system according to claim 9, further comprising a display configured to provide a visual indication of the individual'"'"'s airway pressure.

11. The system according to claim 10, wherein the visual indication comprises airway information including at least one of peak inspiratory pressure, expiratory pressure, an indication of intrathoracic pressure regulation therapy administered to the patient, and a pressure waveform of the patient'"'"'s airway.

12. The system according to claim 1, wherein the external pressure source comprises at least one of a manual ventilation device, a bag-valve mask, and a ventilator.

13. The system according to claim 1, wherein the motor and the blower are configured to be coupled and decoupled from one another.

14. The system according to claim 13, wherein the motor is reusable and the blower is disposable.

15. The system according to claim 1, wherein the blower, motor and fluid flow passage in operation are configured to allow for intermittent airflow between the vent and the individual'"'"'s lungs.

16. A device for providing intrathoracic pressure regulation (IPR) to an individual, comprising:

a housing having at least two ports, a first port configured to be in fluid communication with ambient air and a second port configured to be in fluid communication with the individual'"'"'s airway, and a fluid flow passage extending between the first port and the second port;

a blower disposed within the housing and configured to provide negative intrathoracic pressure within the individual by moving air from the individual'"'"'s airway, through the second port, through the fluid flow passage, and through the first port, the blower positioned such that at least one secondary passage exists between the blower and the housing, the secondary passage being in fluid communication with the first port and the second port and allowing retrograde airflow from the first port through the secondary passage, and through the second port to the individual'"'"'s airway, against the movement of air caused by the blower; and

a motor in operative association with the blower.

17. The device according to claim 16, further comprising a pressure sensor that monitors the individual'"'"'s airway pressure between the blower and the individual, and a controller that receives information from the pressure sensor and controls operation of the motor based on the information.

18. The device according to claim 16, wherein the motor is configured to operate the blower to provide a reduction in pressure in the airway of the individual.

19. The device according to claim 16, wherein the blower, motor and fluid flow passage in operation are configured to allow retrograde airflow between the first port and the second port.

20. The device according to claim 16, wherein the blower comprises an impeller.

21. The device according to claim 20, wherein the impeller is operatively associated with the motor by way of a magnetic clutch.

22. The device according to claim 16, wherein the blower, motor and fluid flow passage in operation are configured to generate a pressure differential within a range of between about 0 cm H₂O and about 20 cm H₂O.

23. The device according to claim 16, wherein the blower, motor and fluid flow passage in operation are configured to permit airflow between the first port and the second port, without forming a physical barrier that prevents airflow therebetween.

24. The device according to claim 16, wherein the motor and the blower are configured to be coupled and decoupled from one another.