Multi-mode wireless power receiver control

• US 10,886,786 B2
• Filed: 09/06/2019
• Issued: 01/05/2021
• Est. Priority Date: 05/26/2017
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: WiTricity Corporation
• Original Assignee: WiTricity Corporation
• Inventors: Huang, Chang-Yu, Kissin, Michael Le Gallais, Beaver, Jonathan
• Primary Examiner(s): Pacheco, Alexis B
• Application Number:
  US16/562,851
• Publication Number:
  US 20190393728A1
• Time in Patent Office: 487 Days
• Field of Search: 320109
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/10 DC to DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/12 Buck converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/14 Boost converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/30 AC to DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/527 Voltage
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/529 Current
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/00 Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/122 Circuits or methods for driving the primary coil, e.g. supplying electric power to the coil
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/126 Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/38 specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/53 Batteries
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/55 Capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/12 of the resonant type
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00 Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/342 The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging with circuits for polarity protection H02J7/0034
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/345 using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/0074 Plural converter units whose inputs are connected in series
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/158 including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/22 with intermediate conversion into ac
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/79 for data transfer in combination with power transfer
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

In certain aspects, methods and systems for controlling power transfer at a wireless power receiver are disclosed. In certain aspects, a method includes determining a duty cycle of a DC-DC converter of the wireless power receiver. The method further includes determining a duty cycle limit for an AC switching controller based on the determined duty cycle. The method further includes determining an operational duty cycle for the AC switching controller. The method further includes comparing the operational duty cycle to the duty cycle limit. The method further includes adjusting at least one of a desired voltage and current input to the DC-DC converter when the operational duty cycle is greater than the duty cycle limit.

Claims

1. A method for controlling power transfer at a wireless power receiver, the method comprising:

wirelessly coupling power at a power transfer element of the wireless power receiver via a wireless field to generate a voltage and current through the wireless power receiver; and

adjusting a duty cycle of a DC-DC converter and a duty cycle of an AC switching controller to control the voltage and the current through the wireless power receiver.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein adjusting the duty cycle of the AC switching controller comprises setting a minimum floor value for the duty cycle of the AC switching controller to be above zero.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein adjusting the duty cycle of the AC switching controller comprises adjusting the duty cycle of the AC switching controller to a first level that limits a level of current through an inductor of the DC-DC converter and wherein adjusting the duty cycle of the DC-DC converter comprises adjusting the duty cycle of the DC-DC converter to a second level that reduces an upper limit voltage across one or more switches of the AC switching controller.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the second level corresponds to a level that reduces the upper limit voltage for a corresponding increase in a clamping angle corresponding to the duty cycle of the AC switching controller.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the duty cycle of the DC-DC converter is adjusted based on at least one of a desired current and a desired voltage through the wireless power receiver, and wherein the duty cycle of the AC switching controller is adjusted based on the other of the at least one of the desired current and the desired voltage through the wireless power receiver.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the duty cycle of the AC switching controller is adjusted based on the duty cycle of the DC-DC converter, and wherein the duty cycle of the DC-DC converter is adjusted based on a voltage or a current of a load powered by the wireless power receiver.

7. A wireless power receiver comprising:

a DC-DC converter;

an AC switching controller; and

a resonant circuit configured to couple to a wireless power field, wherein an input of the AC switching controller is coupled to an output of the resonant circuit, and wherein an output of the AC switching controller is coupled to an input of the DC-DC converter;

a rectifier comprising silicon diodes; and

a controller configured to control a clamping angle of the AC switching controller to have a minimum value above zero.

8. The wireless power receiver of claim 7, wherein the DC-DC converter is configured to limit a voltage across one or more switches of the AC switching controller, and the AC switching controller is configured to limit a current across an inductor of the DC-DC converter.

9. The wireless power receiver of claim 7, wherein the DC-DC converter comprises one or more first switches, wherein the AC switching controller comprises one or more second switches, and further comprising a controller configured to control a first duty cycle of the one or more first switches and a second duty cycle of the one or more second switches.

10. The wireless power receiver of claim 7, wherein the controller is configured to control the first duty cycle and the second duty cycle based on a desired current and a desired voltage through the wireless power receiver.

11. A wireless power receiver comprising:

a DC-DC converter comprising one or more first switches;

an AC switching controller comprising one or more second switches;

a controller configured to control a first duty cycle of the one or more first switches and a second duty cycle of the one or more second switches, wherein the controller is configured to control the second duty cycle based on the first duty cycle; and

a resonant circuit configured to couple to a wireless power field, wherein an input of the AC switching controller is coupled to an output of the resonant circuit, and wherein an output of the AC switching controller is coupled to an input of the DC-DC converter.

12. The wireless power receiver of claim 11, wherein the controller is configured to control the second duty cycle to a first level that limits a level of current through an inductor of the DC-DC converter and to control the first duty cycle to a second level that reduces an upper limit voltage across the one or more second switches.

19. The wireless power receiver of claim 11, wherein the DC-DC converter is configured to limit a voltage across the one or more second switches of the AC switching controller, and the AC switching controller is configured to limit a current across an inductor of the DC-DC converter.

13. A wireless power receiver comprising:

a DC-DC converter comprising one or more first switches;

an AC switching controller comprising one or more second switches;

a controller configured to control a first duty cycle of the one or more first switches and a second duty cycle of the one or more second switches;

a resonant circuit configured to couple to a wireless power field, wherein an input of the AC switching controller is coupled to an output of the resonant circuit, and wherein an output of the AC switching controller is coupled to an input of the DC-DC converter; and

a load, wherein the duty cycle of the DC-DC converter is adjusted based on a voltage or a current of the load powered by the wireless power receiver.

20. The wireless power receiver of claim 13, wherein the DC-DC converter is configured to limit a voltage across the one or more second switches of the AC switching controller, and the AC switching controller is configured to limit a current across an inductor of the DC-DC converter.

14. A wireless power receiver comprising:

a DC-DC converter comprising one or more first switches;

an AC switching controller comprising one or more second switches;

a resonant circuit configured to couple to a wireless power field, wherein an input of the AC switching controller is coupled to an output of the resonant circuit, and wherein an output of the AC switching controller is coupled to an input of the DC-DC converter; and

a controller configured to;

control a first duty cycle of the one or more first switches and a second duty cycle of the one or more second switches;

determine the first duty cycle based on one of a voltage and a current output to a load of the wireless power receiver and one of a desired voltage and current input to the DC-DC converter;

determine a limit for the second duty cycle based on the determined first duty cycle and the one of the voltage and the current output to the load;

determine an operational value for the second duty cycle based on the other one of the desired voltage and current input to the DC-DC converter and an actual one of a current and voltage output from the AC switching controller;

compare the operational value to the limit; and

adjust at least one of the desired voltage and current input to the DC-DC converter when the operational value is greater than the limit.

15. A wireless power receiver comprising:

means for determining a duty cycle of a DC-DC converter of the wireless power receiver based on one of a voltage and a current output to a load of the wireless power receiver and one of a desired voltage and current input to the DC-DC converter;

means for determining a duty cycle limit for an AC switching controller based on the determined duty cycle and the one of the voltage and the current output to the load;

means for determining an operational duty cycle for the AC switching controller based on the other one of the desired voltage and current input to the DC-DC converter and an actual one of a current and voltage output from the AC switching controller;

means for comparing the operational duty cycle to the duty cycle limit; and

means for adjusting at least one of the desired voltage and current input to the DC-DC converter when the operational duty cycle is greater than the duty cycle limit.

16. The wireless power receiver of claim 15, wherein the DC-DC converter is configured to limit a voltage across one or more switches of the AC switching controller, and the AC switching controller is configured to limit a current across an inductor of the DC-DC converter.

17. The wireless power receiver of claim 15, further comprising a means for controlling a clamping angle of the AC switching controller to have a minimum value above zero.

18. The wireless power receiver of claim 15, wherein:

the DC-DC converter comprises one or more first switches;

the AC switching controller comprises one or more second switches; and

the wireless power receiver further comprises a means for controlling a first duty cycle of the one or more first switches and a second duty cycle of the one or more second switches.