Application delivery controller and global server load balancer

• US 11,005,762 B2
• Filed: 12/06/2017
• Issued: 05/11/2021
• Est. Priority Date: 03/08/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: A10 Networks Incorporated
• Original Assignee: A10 Networks Incorporated
• Inventors: Chiong, John
• Primary Examiner(s): Dennison, Jerry B
• Application Number:
  US15/833,222
• Publication Number:
  US 20180097736A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,252 Days
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/125 by balancing the load, e.g. traffic engineering
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/28 in relation to timing considerations

Abstract

Application Delivery Controller (ADC), Global Server Load Balancer (GSLB), and methods for their operation in data networks are disclosed. The methods for load balancing may include receiving a query concerning a host name from a client, determining that there are two or more host servers associated with the host name, measuring various metrics associated with each of the two or more host servers and a local Doman Name Server (DNS), and based at least in part on the measurement, selecting a host server among the two or more host servers. The load balancing may also be based on a measured round trip time.

Claims

1. A method for load balancing among host servers of a data network, the method comprising:

receiving, by a Global Server Load Balancer (GSLB), a domain name query from a client;

retrieving, by the GSLB, a plurality of network addresses associated with the domain name query, the plurality of network addresses being associated with a plurality of host servers;

upon the retrieving the plurality of network addresses;

determining, by the GSLB, at least a round trip time between a Local Domain Name Server (LDNS) associated with the client and each of the plurality of host servers associated with the plurality of network addresses, the determining including exchanging at least one message between the LDNS and each of the plurality of host servers; and

determining, by the GSLB, geographic distances between the LDNS and each of the plurality of host servers;

based on the determining of both the round trip time and the geographic distances, storing, by the GSLB, the round trip time for each of the plurality of network addresses and the geographic distances to a metrics table, the metrics table storing multiple performance metrics for each of the plurality of network addresses;

randomly selecting, by the GSLB, a network address of the plurality of network addresses, the randomly selected network address having performance metrics selected from the multiple performance metrics;

scoring the performance metrics of the randomly selected network address to obtain an aggregated metrics score of the randomly selected network address;

determining, by the GSLB, whether the aggregated metrics score of the randomly selected network address meets a predetermined threshold; and

based on the determination that the aggregated metrics score meets the predetermined threshold, returning, by the GSLB, the randomly selected network address.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining that the aggregated metrics score of the randomly selected network address meets the predetermined threshold includes:

determining that the aggregated metrics score is higher than the predetermined threshold.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the GSLB is configured to randomly select a further network address of the plurality of network addresses based on the determination that the aggregated metrics score of the randomly selected network address does not meet the predetermined threshold.

4. The method of claim 2, further comprising:

determining, by the GSLB, aggregated metrics scores for all of the plurality of network addresses;

determining, by the GSLB, that the aggregated metrics scores for all of the plurality of network addresses do not meet the predetermined threshold; and

decreasing, by the GSLB, the predetermined threshold.

5. The method of claim 2, wherein the domain name query is received from a client or a Domain Name Server (DNS).

6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:

determining, by the GSLB, a plurality of performance metrics associated with a plurality of switches, wherein each of the plurality of switches is associated with one or more host servers;

determining, by the GSLB, multiple network addresses associated with the one or more host servers; and

storing, by the GSLB, the plurality of performance metrics in association with the multiple network addresses in a table.

7. The method of claim 5, further comprising:

randomly selecting, by the GSLB, a further network address of the plurality of network addresses, the randomly selected further network address having further performance metrics selected from the multiple performance metrics;

scoring the further performance metrics of the randomly selected further network address to obtain a further aggregated metrics score of the randomly selected further network address;

based on the multiple performance metrics, determining, by the GSLB, that the further aggregated metrics score of the randomly selected further network address meets the predetermined threshold; and

based on the determination, returning, by the GSLB, the randomly selected further network address so that at least two randomly selected network addresses are returned to the client or the DNS, the at least two randomly selected network addresses including the randomly selected network address and the randomly selected further network address.

8. The method of claim 5, further comprising:

receiving a recognized domain name query;

randomly selecting, by the GSLB, at least one new randomly selected network address, the least one new randomly selected network address having further performance metrics selected from the multiple performance metrics;

scoring the further performance metrics of the least one new randomly selected network address to obtain a further aggregated metrics score of the least one new randomly selected network address;

based on the multiple performance metrics, determining, by the GSLB, that the further aggregated metrics score of the least one new randomly selected further network address meets the predetermined threshold; and

based on the determination, returning both the at least one new randomly selected network address and the randomly selected network address to the client or the DNS.

9. The method of claim 6, wherein the multiple performance metrics includes a plurality of round trip times from the plurality of switches associated with the one or more host servers and the LDNS associated with the client.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the multiple performance metrics include one or more of the following:

application health metrics, proximity metrics, and weighted preferences metrics.

11. A method for load balancing among host servers of a data network, the method comprising:

receiving, by a global server load balancer (GSLB), a query concerning a host name from a client;

determining, by the GSLB, that there are two or more site switches and two or more host servers associated with the host name;

determining, by the GSLB, a round trip time between a Local Domain Name Server (LDNS) assigned to the client and each of the two or more site switches, the determining including exchanging at least one message between the LDNS and each of the two or more site switches and determining, by the GSLB, geographic distances between the LDNS and each of the two or more site switches;

based on the determining of both the round trip time and the geographic distances, storing, by the GSLB, the round trip time for each of the two or more site switches and the geographic distances to a metrics table, the metrics table storing multiple performance metrics for each of the two or more site switches;

randomly selecting, by the GSLB, a host server from the two or more host servers, the randomly selected host server being associated with a site switch of the two or more site switches;

scoring, by the GSLB, the multiple performance metrics of the site switch to obtain an aggregated metrics score of the site switch;

determining, by the GSLB, that the aggregated metrics score of the site switch meets a predetermined threshold; and

based on the determination, returning, by the GSLB, a network address of the randomly selected host server associated with the site switch.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising providing the network address of the randomly selected host server to the LDNS.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein each of the round trip times is a time for an exchange of at least one message from each of the two or more site switches associated with the two or more host servers and the LDNS.

14. The method of claim 11, wherein each of the round trip times is a time for an exchange of at least one message from each of the two or more host servers and the LDNS.

15. The method of claim 11, further comprising transmitting data from the randomly selected host server to the client.

16. The method of claim 11, further comprising:

storing the round trip times associated with the two or more host servers in the GSLB;

retrieving, by the GSLB, at least one of the round trip times in response to a further query.

17. The method of claim 11, wherein the query concerning the host name is generated by an Application Delivery Controller (ADC) associated with the one or more host servers.

18. The method of claim 11, wherein the randomly selected host server is associated with a shortest round trip time of the round trip times.

19. The method of claim 11, further comprising:

randomly selecting, by the GSLB, a further host server from the two or more host servers, the randomly selected further host server being associated with a further site switch of the two or more site switches;

scoring the multiple performance metrics of the further site switch to obtain a further aggregated metrics score of the further site switch;

determining, by the GSLB, that the further aggregated metrics score of the further site switch meets the predetermined threshold; and

based on the determination, returning, by the GSLB, the further network address of the randomly selected further host server so that at least two randomly selected network addresses are returned to the client or the LDNS, the at least two randomly selected network addresses including the randomly selected network address and the randomly selected further network address.

20. The method of claim 11, further comprising:

receiving a recognized query concerning the host name;

randomly selecting, by the GSLB, at least one new randomly selected host server, the at least one new randomly selected host server being associated with a further site switch of the two or more site switches;

scoring the performance metrics of the further site switch to obtain a further aggregated metrics score of the further site switch;

determining, by the GSLB, that the further aggregated metrics score of the further site switch meets the predetermined threshold; and

based on the determination, returning both at least one new network address of the at least one new randomly selected host server and the network address of the randomly selected host server to the client or the LDNS.