System and method for conditioned-based monitoring of a bearing assembly

• US 20020139191A1
• Filed: 03/27/2002
• Published: 10/03/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 03/29/2001
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: GE Global Sourcing LLC (Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation)
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: Graichen, Catherine, Daniel, Cecil M., Hedeen, Robert A., Handler, Larry R.
• Granted Patent: US 6,802,221 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 73/593
• CPC Class Codes: G01M 13/045 Acoustic or vibration analysis
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2291/2696 Wheels, Gears, Bearings

Abstract

The present invention is for a system (11) or method for conditioned based monitoring of a bearing assembly. The system (11) comprises a sensor (13) placed in proximity to a bearing assembly (12). The sensor (13) generates a signal indicative of the amplitude and frequency of the vibrational movement of the bearing assembly. A process (14) in communication with the sensor (13) receives the signal from the sensor (13) and generates spectral data representative of the bearing vibrational movement. A database (15) comprises data representative of an amplitude threshold, for at least one predetermined frequency, characteristic of a bearing fault. The processor (15) compares the spectral data to the amplitude threshold and generates a signal indication of the bearing assembly.

Claims

1. A system for monitoring the condition of a bearing assembly subject to increasing vibrational movement at characteristic frequencies indicative of bearing assembly faults, the system comprising:

(a) a sensor for detecting vibrational movement of the bearing assembly and capable of generating signals indicative of the amplitude and frequency of the vibrational movement of the bearing assembly;

(b) a processor, in communication with the sensor, receiving the signals generated by the sensor and generating spectral data representative of the vibrational movement of the bearing assembly with respect to the amplitude and frequency of the bearing vibrational movement;

(c) a database, in communication with the processor, comprising data representative of at least one predetermined amplitude threshold for a potential bearing fault associated with at least one predetermined frequency, wherein said amplitude threshold and said predetermined frequency for the potential bearing fault is obtained from an analysis of spectral data representative of the vibrational movement of a population of like bearing assemblies; and

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(d) said processor comparing said spectral data and the amplitude threshold for said predetermined frequency, determining whether the data exceeds said amplitude threshold and generating a signal indicative of the condition of the bearing assembly.

2. The system of claim 1 wherein said database further includes an average overall amplitude obtained from an analysis of spectral data representative of the vibrational movement of said population of the like bearing assemblies and said amplitude threshold is calculated as a deviation from the average overall amplitude.

3. The system of claim 1 wherein said spectral data comprise peaks having an amplitude and frequency and said processor counts the number of peaks having an amplitude exceeding the amplitude threshold.

4. The system of claim 1 wherein said spectral data comprise peaks having an amplitude and frequency, and said processor identifies the peaks associated with said at least one predetermined frequency for the bearing fault, and counts the number of peaks having an amplitude exceeding said amplitude threshold.

5. The system of claim 4 wherein said processor generates said signal responsive to the number of peaks counted having an amplitude exceeding the amplitude threshold and said signal is indicative of an overall condition of the bearing assembly.

6. A method for monitoring the condition of a bearing assembly, comprising the steps of:

(a) providing at least one amplitude threshold for a bearing fault;

(b) collecting spectral data, including peaks that are indicative of the amplitude and frequency of the vibrational movement of the bearing assembly;

(c) counting the peaks, of the spectral data, having an amplitude that exceed said amplitude threshold and are associated with at least one predetermined frequency indicative of a bearing fault; and

,

(d) generating a signal responsive to the number of peaks counted, and indicative of an overall condition of the bearing.

7. The method of claim 6 further comprising the step of assigning a score representative of a number of peaks counted that exceed said amplitude threshold, and evaluating the condition of the bearing assembly based on the score generated.

8. The method of claim 6 further comprising the step of comparing the counted peaks exceeding the amplitude threshold to at least one count limit, and assigning a penalty if the number of peaks counted exceed the count limit, or is equal to the count limit.

9. The method of claim 8 further including the step of assigning a score representative of the number of peaks counted and the assigned penalties, and said score is indicative of the overall condition of the bearing.

10. The method of claim 6 further comprising the step of identifying peaks that are associated with said at least one predetermined frequency indicative of a bearing fault before the step of counting the peaks.

11. The method of claim 10 further comprising the step of providing at least one predetermined range of frequencies associated with said predetermined frequency and said step of identifying peaks comprises the step of selecting only those peaks that are substantially within said at least one predetermined range of frequencies before the step of counting the peaks.

12. The method of claim 11, with respect to those peaks selected, further comprising the step of comparing each selected peak to a local median spectrum, and if a peak is greater than, or equal to the median amplitude of the local spectrum then the peak is compared to the amplitude threshold.

13. The method of claim 6 further including the step of providing an average overall amplitude of the bearing assembly that is representative of the vibrational movement of a selected population of bearing assemblies, and calculating the amplitude threshold as a deviation of said overall amplitude.

14. The method of claim 6 wherein said step of counting frequencies comprises counting harmonic frequencies relative to the at least one predetermined frequency.

15. The method of claim 6 wherein the step of counting frequencies comprises counting sideband frequencies relative to the at least one predetermined frequency.

17. The method of claim 16 further comprising the step of providing a predetermined frequency indicative of a bearing fault associated with an inner race diameter of the bearing assembly.

18. The method of claim 16 further comprising the step of providing a predetermined frequency indicative of a bearing fault associated with an outer race diameter of the bearing assembly.

19. The method of claim 16 further comprising the step of providing a predetermined frequency indicative of a bearing fault associated with roller elements of the bearing assembly.

20. The method of claim 16 further comprising the step of providing a predetermined frequency indicative of a bearing fault associated with a cage of the bearing assembly.

21. The method of claim 16 further comprising the step of assigning a score representative of a number of peaks counted that exceed said amplitude threshold with respect to each bearing component, and evaluating the condition of each bearing component based on the score generated.

22. The method of claim 16 further comprising the step of assigning a score representative of a number of peaks counted that exceed said amplitude threshold with respect to each bearing component, and evaluating an overall condition of bearing assembly based on all the scores generated.

23. The method of claim 16 further providing an overall amplitude representative of the vibrational movement of a selected population of like bearing assemblies, and providing the amplitude threshold calculated as a predetermined deviation of said overall amplitude.

24. The method of claim 16 wherein the step of selecting frequencies comprises selecting harmonic frequencies relative to the predetermined frequencies.

25. The method of claim 16 wherein the step of selecting frequencies comprises selecting sideband frequencies relative to the predetermined frequencies.

16. A method for monitoring the condition of a bearing assembly, comprising the steps of:

(a) providing at least one amplitude threshold for a bearing fault associated with each of a plurality of a bearing components;

(b) collecting spectral data, including peaks, that is indicative of the amplitude and frequency of the vibrational movement of the bearing assembly;

(c) counting the peaks, of the spectral data, having an amplitude that exceed said amplitude threshold and are associated with at least one predetermined frequency indicative of a bearing fault associated with each bearing component; and

,

(d) generating a signal responsive to the number of peaks counted with respect to each bearing fault and indicative of a condition of the respective bearing components.