High shading performance coatings

• US 20040016202A1
• Filed: 05/14/2003
• Published: 01/29/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 05/16/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cardinal CG Company (Cardinal Glass Industries Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Cardinal CG Company (Cardinal Glass Industries Incorporated)
• Inventors: Hoffman, Wayne L.
• Granted Patent: US 7,122,252 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 52/786.13
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/36 at least one coating being a metal
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3618 Coatings of type glass/inorganic compound/other inorganic layers, at least one layer being metallic
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3639 Multilayers containing at least two functional metal layers
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3644 the metal being silver
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3652 the coating stack containing at least one sacrificial layer to protect the metal from oxidation
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/366 Low-emissivity or solar control coatings
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3681 the multilayer coating being used in glazing, e.g. windows or windscreens
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 2217/78 Coatings specially designed to be durable, e.g. scratch-resistant
• CPC Class Codes: E06B 9/24 Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blindsoperating, guiding or securing devices or arrangements for roll-type closures E06B9/56; free-hanging flexible screens A47H23/00

Abstract

The invention provides high shading performance, low-emissivity coatings. The invention provides a monolithic pane bearing a high shading performance, low-emissivity coating. The invention also provides an insulating glass unit bearing a high shading performance, low-emissivity coating. Finally, the invention provides methods of producing coated substrates by depositing high shading performance, low-emissivity coatings.

Claims

1. A transparent substrate bearing a high shading performance, low-emissivity coating comprising, in sequence outwardly:

(a) a first infrared-reflective film having a thickness of between about 76 Å and

about 122 Å

;

(b) a first high absorption blocker layer positioned directly over the first infrared-reflective film, the first high absorption blocker layer comprising a metallic film selected from the group consisting of niobium, titanium, and niobium-titanium, wherein the first high absorption blocker layer has a thickness of between about 38 Å and

about 69 Å

;

(c) a second infrared-reflective film having a thickness of between about 119 Å and

about 184 Å

; and

(d) a second high absorption blocker layer positioned directly over the second infrared-reflective film, the second high absorption blocker layer comprising a metallic film selected from the group consisting of niobium, titanium, niobium-titanium, wherein the second high absorption blocker layer has a thickness of between about 29 Å and

about 63 Å

.

2. The transparent substrate of claim 1 wherein the first and second infrared-reflective films have a combined thickness of between about 209 Å

and about 293 Å

.

3. The transparent substrate of claim 1 wherein the first and second high absorption blocker layers have a combined thickness of between about 72 Å

and about 110 Å

.

4. The transparent substrate of claim 1 wherein the first and second infrared-reflective films have a combined thickness of between about 233 Å

and about 266 Å

, and the first and second high absorption blocker layers have a combined thickness of between about 80 Å and

about 100 Å

.

5. The transparent substrate of claim 1 wherein the coating comprises an inner coat between the substrate and the first infrared-reflective film, the inner coat comprising at least one transparent dielectric film.

6. The transparent substrate of claim 5 wherein the inner coat has an optical thickness of less than about 334 Å

.

7. The transparent substrate of claim 5 wherein the optical thickness of the inner coat is between about 172 Å

and about 322 Å

.

8. The transparent substrate of claim 1 wherein the coating comprises a middle coat between the first high absorption blocker layer and the second infrared-reflective film, the middle coat comprising at least one transparent dielectric film.

9. The transparent substrate of claim 8 wherein the middle coat has an optical thickness of between about 962 Å

and about 1552 Å

.

10. The transparent substrate of claim 1 wherein the coating comprises an outer coat further from the substrate than the second high absorption blocker layer, the outer coat comprising at least one transparent dielectric film.

11. The transparent substrate of claim 10 wherein the outer coat has an optical thickness of between about 476 Å

and about 624 Å

.

12. The transparent substrate of claim 4 wherein the coating includes an inner coat between the substrate and the first infrared-reflective film, a middle coat between the first high absorption blocker layer and the second infrared-reflective film, and an outer coat further from the substrate than the second high absorption blocker layer, wherein the inner coat has an optical thickness of between about 192 Å

and about 290 Å

, the middle coat has an optical thickness of between about 1070 Å and

about 1410 Å

, and the outer coat has an optical thickness of between about 530 Å and

about 568 Å

.

13. The transparent substrate of claim 1 wherein the coating has an emissivity of less than about 0.08.

14. An insulating glass unit comprising first and second panes held in a spaced-apart configuration, the panes having confronting inner surfaces oriented toward a between-pane space and opposed outer surfaces oriented away from the between-pane space, wherein one of said inner surfaces bears a high shading performance, low-emissivity coating comprising first and second infrared-reflective films and first and second high absorption blocker layers positioned respectively directly over said first and second infrared-reflective films, wherein each of the high absorption blocker layers comprises a metallic film selected from the group consisting of niobium, titanium, and niobium-titanium, and wherein the insulating glass unit has a total visible transmittance of between about 0.36 and about 0.44.

15. The insulating glass unit of claim 14 wherein the coating has an emissivity of less than about 0.08.

16. The insulating glass unit of claim 14 wherein the insulating glass unit has an exterior visible reflectance of less than about 18%.

17. The insulating glass unit of claim 16 wherein the exterior visible reflectance is less than about 15%.

18. The insulating glass unit of claim 14 wherein the insulating glass unit has an exterior reflected color characterized by an a_h color coordinate of between about −

0.75 and about −

3.25 and a b_h color coordinate of between about −

2.25 and about −

4.75.

19. The insulating glass unit of claim 14 wherein the first infrared-reflective film has a thickness of between about 76 Å

and about 122 Å

, the first high absorption blocker layer has a thickness of between about 38 Å and

about 69 Å

, the second infrared-reflective film has a thickness of between about 119 Å and

about 184 Å

, and the second high absorption blocker layer has a thickness of between about 29 Å and

about 63 Å

.

20. The insulating glass unit of claim 19 wherein the first and second infrared-reflective films have a combined thickness of between about 233 Å

and about 266 Å

, and the first and second high absorption blocker layers have a combined thickness of between about 80 Å and

about 100 Å

.

21. The insulating glass unit of claim 20 wherein the coating comprises, in sequence outwardly:

(a) an inner coat comprising at least one transparent dielectric film;

(b) the first infrared-reflective film;

(c) the first high absorption blocker layer;

(d) a middle coat comprising at least one transparent dielectric film;

(e) the second infrared-reflective film;

(f) the second high absorption blocker layer; and

(g) an outer coat comprising at least one transparent dielectric film.

22. The insulating glass unit of claim 21 wherein the inner coat has an optical thickness of between about 192 Å

and about 290 Å

, the middle coat has an optical thickness of between about 1070 Å and

about 1410 Å

, and the outer coat has an optical thickness of between about 530 Å and

about 568 Å

.

23. An insulating glass unit comprising first and second panes held in a spaced-apart configuration, the panes having confronting inner surfaces oriented toward a between-pane space and opposed outer surfaces oriented away from the between-pane space, wherein one of said inner surfaces bears a high shading performance, low-emissivity coating comprising first and second infrared-reflective films and first and second high absorption blocker layers positioned respectively directly over said first and second infrared-reflective films, wherein each of the high absorption blocker layers comprises a metallic film selected from the group consisting of niobium, titanium, and niobium-titanium, and wherein the insulating glass unit has a solar heat gain coefficient of less than about 0.3.

24. The insulating glass unit of claim 23 wherein the solar heat gain coefficient is less than about 0.27.

25. The insulating glass unit of claim 23 wherein the coating has an emissivity of less than about 0.08.

26. The insulating glass unit of claim 23 wherein the insulating glass unit has an exterior visible reflectance of less than about 18%.

27. The insulating glass unit of claim 26 wherein the exterior visible reflectance is less than about 15%.

28. The insulating glass unit of claim 23 wherein the insulating glass unit has an exterior reflected color characterized by an a_h color coordinate of between about −

0.75 and about −

3.25 and a b_h color coordinate of between about −

2.25 and about −

4.75.

29. The insulating glass unit of claim 23 wherein the first infrared-reflective film has a thickness of between about 76 Å

and about 122 Å

, the first high absorption blocker layer has a thickness of between about 38 Å and

about 69 Å

, the second infrared-reflective film has a thickness of between about 119 Å and

about 184 Å

, and the second high absorption blocker layer has a thickness of between about 29 Å and

about 63 Å

.

30. The insulating glass unit of claim 29 wherein the first and second infrared-reflective films have a combined thickness of between about 233 Å

and about 266 Å

, and the first and second high absorption blocker layers have a combined thickness of between about 80 Å and

about 100 Å

.

31. The-insulating glass unit of claim 30 wherein the coating comprises, in sequence outwardly:

(a) an inner coat comprising at least one transparent dielectric film;

(b) the first infrared-reflective film;

(c) the first high absorption blocker layer;

(d) a middle coat comprising at least one transparent dielectric film;

(e) the second infrared-reflective film;

(f) the second high absorption blocker layer; and

(g) an outer coat comprising at least one transparent dielectric film.

32. The insulating glass unit of claim 31 wherein the inner coat has an optical thickness of between about 192 Å

and about 290 Å

, the middle coat has an optical thickness of between about 1070 Å and

about 1410 Å

, and the outer coat has an optical thickness of between about 530 Å and

about 568 Å

.

33. A method of producing coated substrates, the method comprising providing a pane having generally-opposed first and second major surfaces and depositing upon one of said major surfaces a low-emissivity coating comprising, in sequence outwardly:

(a) a first infrared-reflective film deposited at a thickness of between about 76 Å and

about 122 Å

;

(b) a first high absorption blocker layer deposited directly over the first infrared-reflective film, the first high absorption blocker layer being deposited as a metallic film selected from the group consisting of niobium, titanium, and niobium-titanium, wherein the first high absorption blocker layer is deposited at a thickness of between about 38 Å and

about 69 Å

;

(c) a second infrared-reflective film deposited at a thickness of between about 119 Å and

about 184 Å

; and

(d) a second high absorption blocker layer deposited directly over the second infrared-reflective film, the second high absorption blocker layer being deposited as a metallic film selected from the group consisting of niobium, titanium, niobium-titanium, wherein the second high absorption blocker layer is deposited at a thickness of between about 29 Å and

about 63 Å

.

34. The method of claim 33 wherein the first and second infrared-reflective films are deposited at a combined thickness of between about 233 Å

and about 266 Å

, and the first and second high absorption blocker layers are deposited at a combined thickness of between about 80 Å and

about 100 Å

.

35. The method of claim 34 further comprising depositing an inner coat between the substrate and the first infrared-reflective film, depositing a middle coat between the first high absorption blocker layer and the second infrared-reflective film, and depositing an outer coat further from the substrate than the second high absorption blocker layer.

36. The method of claim 35 wherein the inner coat is deposited at an optical thickness of between about 192 Å

and about 290 Å

, the middle coat is deposited at an optical thickness of between about 1070 Å and

about 1410 Å

, and the outer coat is deposited at an optical thickness of between about 530 Å and

about 568 Å

.

37. The method of claim 36 wherein the middle coat is deposited directly over the first high absorption blocker layer and the outer coat is deposited directly over the second high absorption blocker layer.

38. The method of claim 37 wherein the first and second high absorption blocker layers are both deposited as films consisting essentially of metallic titanium.

39. The method of claim 38 wherein the first and second infrared-reflective layers are both deposited as films consisting essentially of silver.