Tunable optical source

• US 20040105480A1
• Filed: 11/29/2002
• Published: 06/03/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 11/29/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Optitune PLC
• Original Assignee: Optitune PLC
• Inventors: Karkkainnen, Ari H., Sidorin, Yakov
• Granted Patent: US 6,920,159 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 372/97
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 3/1055 one of the reflectors being constituted by a diffraction grating
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 5/02325 Mechanically integrated components on mount members or optical micro-benches
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 5/02446 Cooling being separate from the laser chip cooling
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 5/0612 controlled by temperature
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 5/0687 Stabilising the frequency of the laser
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 5/141 using a wavelength selective device, e.g. a grating or etalon H01S5/146 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 5/4012 Beam combining, e.g. by the use of fibres, gratings, polarisers, prisms

Abstract

A tunable optical source comprises a laser diode 105 and an external optical feedback device 135. The feedback device 135 has a waveguiding portion fabricated at least in part out of a glass material having both organic and inorganic components. Control means is provided for controlling the refractive index of the glass material so as to change the wavelength of feedback to the laser diode. The glass material may for example have thermo-optic properties and the control means might then be a heating device for heating the glass material. The feedback device 135 can have more than one portion, a second portion for example having controllable coupling characteristics for coupling optical radiation into or out of the feedback device 135. It also preferably has a portion for controlling optical path length in the feedback device 135.

Claims

1. A tunable optical source comprising a laser diode and an external optical feedback device, the feedback device comprising a glass material having both organic and inorganic components and means for controlling the refractive index of the glass material so as to control the wavelength of feedback to the laser diode.

2. A tunable optical source according to claim 1 wherein the feedback device comprises a planar waveguide structure provided with a wavelength selective filter whose optical performance is affected in use by the refractive index of said glass material so as to provide the control of the wavelength of feedback to the laser diode.

3. A tunable optical source according to claim 2 wherein the feedback device comprises more than one portion, a first portion comprising said wavelength selective filter and said glass material and a second portion providing a different function in use of the feedback device.

4. A tunable optical source according to claim 3 wherein the refractive index of material in the second portion is independently controllable with respect to the refractive index of the glass material in the first portion.

5. A tunable optical source according to either one of claims 3 or 4 wherein said material in said second portion comprises a glass material having both organic and inorganic components.

6. A tunable optical source according to claim 5 wherein the relationship dn/dT for the glass material of said second portion is different from the relationship dn/dT for the glass material of the first portion.

7. A tunable optical source according to any one of claims 3 to 6 wherein said second portion comprises a semiconductor or dielectric material.

8. A tunable optical source according to any one of claims 3 to 7 wherein said second portion comprises an optical length modifier for modifying the optical length of the feedback device in use.

9. A tunable optical source according to any one of claims 3 to 7 wherein said second portion comprises an optical coupling arrangement and control means for modifying at least one optical coupling characteristic of the coupling arrangement in use.

10. A tunable optical source according to claim 9 wherein the optical coupling arrangement provides focussing or mode taper in use.

11. A tunable optical source according to either one of claims 9 or 10 wherein the optical coupling arrangement is arranged at an input to the feedback device for receiving optical radiation from the laser diode in use.

12. A tunable optical source according to claim 9 wherein the optical coupling arrangement comprises a branched waveguide for selectively coupling optical radiation out of the feedback device in use, and wherein the control means controls the waveguiding characteristic of the branched waveguide so as to apportion optical radiation travelling in the feedback device between different available optical paths.

13. A tunable optical source according to any one of claims 3 to 12 having two second portions, these comprising an optical length modifier and an optical coupling arrangement respectively.

14. A tunable optical source according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the, or each, glass material is thermo-optic, having a refractive index which changes with temperature.

15. A tunable optical source according to claim 14 wherein at least one of the glass materials has a rate of refractive index change with temperature which is at least −

18*10<sup>−

5</sup> (1/°

C.).

16. A tunable optical source according to claim 14 wherein at least one of the glass materials has a rate of refractive index change with temperature which is at least −

25*10<sup>−

5</sup> (1/°

C.).

17. A tunable optical source according to any one of the preceding claims wherein at least one of said glass materials comprises a trichlorosilane material.

18. A tunable optical source according to claim 17 wherein at least one glass material comprises at least one bifunctional and/or monofunctional siloxane, and/or at least one non-crosslinkable organic component.

19. A tunable optical source according to any one of claims 2 to 18 wherein the optical performance of the filter can be controlled to provide thermo-optic tuning of the wavelength λ

_E per degree Centigrade of at least dλ

_B/dT=−

0.17 nm/°

C.

20. A tunable optical source according to any one of claims 2 to 19 wherein the wavelength selective filter comprises a distributed diffraction grating.

21. A tunable optical source according to claim 20 wherein the distributed diffraction grating is formed in or on a said glass material.

22. A packaged optical assembly comprising a tunable optical source according to any one of the preceding claims mounted together with at least one optical performance monitoring device on a shared substrate.

23. A packaged optical assembly comprising an array of tunable optical sources according to any one of claims 1 to 21, mounted on a shared substrate.

24. A packaged optical assembly according to claim 23, provided with temperature control means, wherein:

the tunable optical sources each have thermo-optically controllable optical performance characteristics

the tunable optical sources are all subject to said temperature control means for controlling their optical performance characteristics and wherein at least two of said tunable optical sources have different respective optical performance characteristics in response to said temperature control means.

26. A method according to claim 22 wherein the optical performance characteristic comprises modal effective refractive index for optical radiation propagating in the feedback portion.

25. A method of tuning an optical source, which source comprises a feedback portion incorporating a glass material having both organic and inorganic components, said method comprising the step of changing the temperature of said glass material so as to change at least one optical performance characteristic of the feedback portion.