Method and apparatus for providing variable positive airway pressure

• US 20040221848A1
• Filed: 06/16/2004
• Published: 11/11/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 09/25/2000
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: RIC INVESTMENTS LLC (Respironics Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Respironics Incorporated
• Inventors: Hill, Peter D.
• Granted Patent: US 7,267,122 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 128/204.18
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0069 the speed thereof being controlled by respiratory parameters, e.g. by inhalation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/026 specially adapted for predicting, e.g. for determining an information representative of a flow limitation during a ventilation cycle by using a root square technique or a regression analysis
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/204 used for inhalation control
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0039 in the inspiratory circuit
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/35 Communication

Abstract

A method and apparatus for treating a breathing disorder and, more particularly, a method and apparatus for providing a pressurized air flow to an airway of a patient to treat congestive heart failure in combination with Cheyne-Stokes respiration and/or sleep apnea or other breathing disorders. A positive airway pressure ventilator is utilized in combination with an algorithm that adjusts IPAP and EPAP in order to counter a Cheyne-Stokes breathing pattern. Cheyne-Stokes respiration is detected by monitoring a peak flow of the patient.

Claims

1-18. -18. (Cancelled).

19. A system for delivering a flow of gas to an airway of a patient, the system comprising:

a gas flow generating system that generates a flow of gas;

a patient circuit coupled to the gas flow generating system and adapted to communicate the flow of gas to an airway of a patient;

a sensor associated with the gas flow generating system or the patient circuit and adapted to measure a characteristic associated with the flow of gas within the patient circuit and to transmit a flow signal indicative thereof;

target value determining means for monitoring an effectiveness of the system in treating Cheyne-Stokes respiration of such a patient and for setting a target value based on the monitored effectiveness;

CSR monitoring means for determining whether such a patient'"'"'s respiratory activity is indicative of Cheyne-Stokes respiration by comparing the characteristic associated with the flow of gas with the target value; and

controlling means for controlling the gas flow generating system so as to cause the gas to be delivered at a sufficient pressure during at least a portion of a breathing cycle to treat Cheyne-Stokes respiration based on an output of the CRS monitoring means.

20. The system of claim 19, wherein the gas flow generating system includes:

a pressure generator adapted to generate the flow of gas; and

a pressure control valve associated with the pressure generator or the patient circuit to control a pressure of the flow of gas delivered to a patient by the patient circuit.

21. The system of claim 19, wherein the target monitoring means sets a value for a target peak flow Q_peak(target) as the target value based on whether such a patient'"'"'s respiratory activity is indicative of Cheyne-Stokes respiration, wherein the CSR monitoring means compares an inspiratory peak flow Q_{peak(current)} to the target peak flow Q_peak(target), and wherein the controlling means causes the gas flow generating system to adjust a pressure of the flow of gas based on the comparison between the inspiratory peak flow Q_{peak(current)} and the target peak flow Q_peak(target).

22. The system of claim 21, wherein the CSR monitoring means adjusts the value of the target peak flow Q_peak(target), an expiratory positive airway pressure, or both, responsive to a determination that the delivering of pressurized gas in the treatment is not effectively treating Cheyne-Stokes respiration.

23. The system of claim 19, wherein the controlling means detects I/E transitions between an inspiratory phase and an expiratory phase of a respiratory cycle, and causes the gas flow generating system to deliver a machine breath responsive to a failure to detect a patient initiated breath between within a predetermined period of time.

24. The system of claim 19, wherein the CSR monitoring means determines magnitudes and times of inspiratory peaks flows and comparing these to a Cheyne-Stokes respiration pattern.

25. The system of claim 19, wherein the target value determining means, the CSR monitoring means, the controlling means, or a combination thereof are implemented on a common processing system.

26. A method for delivering pressurized gas to an airway of a patient, the method comprising the steps of:

delivering a flow of gas to the airway of the patient from a source of gas via a patient circuit;

sensing a characteristic associated with a flow of gas within the patient circuit and outputting a flow signal;

monitoring an effectiveness of the system in treating Cheyne-Stokes respiration of such a patient and setting a target value based on the monitored effectiveness;

determining whether such a patient'"'"'s respiratory activity is indicative of Cheyne-Stokes respiration by comparing the characteristic associated with the flow of gas with the target value; and

controlling the delivery of gas so as to cause the flow of gas to be delivered at a sufficient pressure during at least a portion of a breathing cycle to treat Cheyne-Stokes respiration based on a result of the determining step.

27. The method of claim 26, wherein delivering a flow of gas includes generating a flow of gas via a pressure generator and controlling a pressure of the flow of gas via (1) a pressure control valve associated with the pressure generator or the patient circuit, (2) controlling an operating speed of the pressure generator, or (3) a combination of both (1) and (2).

28. The method of claim 26, wherein sensing a characteristic associated with a flow of gas within the patient circuit includes determining an inspiratory peak flow Q_{peak(current)}, wherein monitoring the effectiveness of the system includes determining a target peak flow Q_peak(target) as the target value, wherein determining whether such a patient'"'"'s respiratory activity is indicative of Cheyne-Stokes respiration includes comparing the inspiratory peak flow Q_{peak(current)} to the target peak flow Q_peak(target), and wherein controlling the delivery of gas includes adjusting a pressure of the flow of gas based on the comparison between the inspiratory peak flow Q_{peak(current)} and the target peak flow Q_peak(target).

29. The method of claim 28, wherein monitoring an effectiveness of the system in treating Cheyne-Stokes respiration includes adjusting the target peak flow Q_peak(target), an expiratory positive airway pressure, or both, responsive to a determination that the delivering of pressurized gas in the treatment is not effectively treating Cheyne-Stokes respiration.

30. The method of claim 26, further comprising:

detecting I/E transitions between an inspiratory phase and an expiratory phase of a respiratory cycle; and

delivering a machine generated breath to a patient responsive to a failure to detect a patient initiated breath between within a predetermined period of time.

31. The method of claim 26, wherein monitoring whether such a patient'"'"'s respiratory activity is indicative of Cheyne-Stokes respiration includes determining magnitudes and times of inspiratory peaks flows and comparing these to a Cheyne-Stokes respiration pattern.