Surgical robot and robotic controller
First Claim
1. A method of controlling a robotically driven surgical instrument for a surgeon comprising the steps of:
- locating a controller robot between a handle and the surgical instrument;
sensing incident tremor force components applied by a surgeon to the handle;
modulating the incident tremor force components to generate modulated tremor force commands; and
applying through the controller robot the modulated tremor force command onto the surgical instrument.
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Abstract
The present invention was developed by a neurosurgeon and seeks to mimic the results of primate neurological research which is indicative of a human'"'"'s actual neurological control structures and logic. Specifically, the motor proprioceptive and tactile neurophysiology functioning of the surgeon'"'"'s hands and internal hand control system from the muscular level through the intrafusal fiber system of the neural network is considered in creating the robot and method of operation of the present invention. Therefore, the surgery is not slowed down as in the art, because the surgeon is in conscious and subconscious natural agreement and harmonization with the robotically actuated surgical instruments based on neurological mimicking of the surgeon'"'"'s behavior with the functioning of the robot. Therefore, the robot can enhance the surgeon'"'"'s humanly limited senses while not introducing disruptive variables to the surgeon'"'"'s naturally occurring operation of his neurophysiology. This is therefore also a new field, neurophysiological symbiotic robotics.
1832 Citations
57 Claims
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1. A method of controlling a robotically driven surgical instrument for a surgeon comprising the steps of:
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locating a controller robot between a handle and the surgical instrument;
sensing incident tremor force components applied by a surgeon to the handle;
modulating the incident tremor force components to generate modulated tremor force commands; and
applying through the controller robot the modulated tremor force command onto the surgical instrument. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
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10. A method of controlling a surgical instrument connected to a surgical robot comprising the steps of:
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locating a controller robot between a handle and a surgical instrument;
sensing incident reflectance force from a sensor when the surgical instrument is placed against body tissue;
modulating the reflectance force components in the controller robot; and
outputting through the controller robot a modulated reflectance force on the handle, wherein the modulation scaling step includes modulating the reflectance force in all degrees of freedom of the handle. - View Dependent Claims (11)
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12. A method of controlling a surgical instrument comprising the steps of:
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locating a controller robot between a handle and a surgical instrument;
sensing incident force components present on the handle generated by a surgeon'"'"'s hand;
modulating the incident force components in the controller robot; and
outputting through the controller robot a modulated force on the surgical instrument, wherein the output step includes the further step of outputting the modulated force in all degrees of freedom of the surgical instrument. - View Dependent Claims (13)
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14. A surgical robot comprising:
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a controller robot located between a handle and a surgical instrument;
a sensor for sensing an incident reflectance force from the sensor when the surgical instrument is contact with body tissue;
a modulator for modulating the reflectance force components in the controller robot; and
a motor for outputting through the controller robot a modulated reflectance force on the handle.
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15. A method of controlling a surgical instrument connected to a surgical robot for a surgeon comprising the steps of:
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receiving from a surgeon operator input from an input device indicating desired forces and deflections of a robotically controlled surgical instrument;
transforming the input into control signals for directing the motion of and application of force by a robotically controlled surgical instrument;
applying the control signals to a robotically controlled surgical instrument;
monitoring forces applied to the robotically controlled surgical instrument by a patient'"'"'s tissue in response to motion of the robotically controlled surgical instrument; and
applying resistive forces correlating to the monitored forces to the surgeon operator'"'"'s input device in response to input provided by a surgeon operator;
wherein said resistive forces vary sufficiently rapidly to emulate forces resultant from tremor motions of a surgical instrument against a patient'"'"'s tissue. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17)
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18. A controller robot for performing surgical procedures, the controller robot comprising:
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a robotics portion, the robotics portion comprising at least one surgical instrument unit;
an workstation portion, said workstation portion comprising a display and an input device;
a controller portion, the controller portion comprising hardware and software for transforming input provided by a surgeon operator via the interface portion into motion of the at least one surgical instrument;
wherein the robotics portion further comprises force detection sensors for determining force reflectance from tissue in contact with the at least one surgical instrument. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57)
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Specification