Diagnostic sensing apparatus
First Claim
1. A sensing apparatus, comprising:
- (a) a substantially planar occlusive backing; and
(b) a reporter system that absorbs or emits a detectable radiation, said reporter system attached, adhered, or otherwise connected to a first planar surface of the occlusive backing, wherein said reporter system binds an analyte of interest and the ability of said reporter system to absorb or emit radiation is detectably altered in a concentration dependent manner when the analyte is bound to said reporter system.
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Abstract
A sensing apparatus and methods for measuring or detecting an analyte present in a biological system are provided. The methods entail use of the sensing apparatus that contains a reporter system specific for the analyte of interest, where the reporter system is either affixed to a planar backing or attached to particles that are delivered to the superficial layers of the skin. The reporter system includes a reporting reagent that absorbs or emits a detectable radiation and is placed in communication with the analyte, or in communication with tissue or body fluids suspected of containing the analyte. The sensing apparatus is illuminated, and a radiation signal from the reporting reagent is measured or detected and then associated with the presence or quantity of analyte.
77 Citations
34 Claims
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1. A sensing apparatus, comprising:
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(a) a substantially planar occlusive backing; and
(b) a reporter system that absorbs or emits a detectable radiation, said reporter system attached, adhered, or otherwise connected to a first planar surface of the occlusive backing, wherein said reporter system binds an analyte of interest and the ability of said reporter system to absorb or emit radiation is detectably altered in a concentration dependent manner when the analyte is bound to said reporter system. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. A method for quantifying glucose present in a body fluid beneath a target surface, said method comprising:
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(a) accelerating particles into the target surface, wherein acceleration of said particles into the target surface is effective to allow passage of glucose from beneath the target surface to the target surface;
(b) contacting the glucose present at the target surface with a specific binding pair comprising a first component which is a glucose binding ligand containing a first light-absorbing material, and a second component which is a glycoconjugate containing a second light-absorbing material, the excited state energy level of the first light-absorbing material overlapping with the excited state energy level of the second light-absorbing material, said ligand and said glycoconjugate being chosen such that they reversibly bind to each other thereby allowing glucose present at the target surface to displace said glycoconjugate and competitively bind to said ligand;
(c) determining the extent to which non-radiative fluorescence resonance energy transfer occurs between the first light-absorbing and the second light-absorbing material in the presence of the glycoconjugate displaced by glucose and the ligand reversibly bound to glucose; and
(d) comparing the result of step (c) with the relationship between the extent of non-radiative energy transfer between the first light-absorbing material and the second light-absorbing material and glucose concentration in the body fluid determined in a calibration step. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
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24. A method for detecting the presence or amount of an analyte present beneath a target skin surface of an individual, said method comprising:
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(a) providing a particulate reporter system, wherein said reporter system binds the analyte of interest and the ability of said reporter system to absorb or emit radiation is altered in a concentration-dependent manner when said analyte is bound to said reporter system, and said particulate reporter system is comprised of particles having a size ranging from 0.1-250 μ
m;
(b) administering said reporter system into the target skin surface such that said particulate reporter system is delivered to a substantially uniform and homogenous depth within said skin;
(c) allowing the reporter system to contact the analyte; and
(d) detecting an alteration in the ability of said reporter system to absorb or emit radiation thereby obtaining a signal indicative of the presence or amount of analyte present beneath said target skin surface. - View Dependent Claims (25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34)
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Specification