System and method of registering image data to intra-operatively digitized landmarks

• US 20050096535A1
• Filed: 11/04/2003
• Published: 05/05/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 11/04/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Stryker European Operations Holdings, LLC (Stryker Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Stryker Leibinger GmbH & Co. KG (Stryker Corporation)
• Inventors: de la Barrera, Jose Luis Moctezuma
• Granted Patent: US 7,392,076 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 600/424
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/155 Cutting femur
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/105 Modelling of the patient, e.g. for ligaments or bones
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2055 Optical tracking systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2068 using pointers, e.g. pointers having reference marks for determining coordinates of body points
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2072 Reference field transducer attached to an instrument or patient
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/252 indicating steps of a surgical procedure
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/254 being adapted depending on the stage of the surgical procedure
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/3983 Reference marker arrangements for use with image guided surgery
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/20 Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/25 User interfaces for surgical systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/103 Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes A61B5/08 takes precedence; measuring aids for tailors A41H1/00; measuring instruments specially adapted for dentistry A61C19/04
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4528 Joints A61B5/4533, A61B5/4538 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/36 Image-producing devices or illumination devices not otherwise provided for

Abstract

A two dimensional image is registered with mechanical axis data, and possibly other data, using a surgical navigation system. This provides the user with additional graphical information on a display screen as the procedure is performed. The mechanical axis data can be generated using an anatomical assessment.

Claims

1. A system for registering two dimensional image data to intra-operatively digitized landmarks obtained during a joint arthroplasty procedure on a patient having a joint in need of such a procedure comprising:

a surgical navigation system capable of determining a position and an orientation of an object within a working volume, including a central processing unit, a display, a memory unit and a storage unit;

a first circuit to import the two dimensional image data for the joint into the memory unit;

a second circuit to perform an intra-operative anatomical survey of the joint and an associated limb to digitize selected landmarks and to determine a mechanical axis for the limb;

a third circuit to register the two dimensional image data to the mechanical axis and display the registered two dimensional image data on the display; and

a fourth circuit to assist in guiding a cutting jig into position within the joint based on the landmarks while showing the registered two dimensional image data in relation to the landmarks, wherein the position and the orientation of the cutting jig can be tracked by the surgical navigation system.

2. The system of claim 1 wherein the fourth circuit displays the position of the cutting jig on the display relative to the registered two dimensional image data.

3. The system of claim 1 wherein the fourth circuit also displays a modified image based on the registered two dimensional image data showing a resection plane of a bone within the joint.

5. The system of claim 1 wherein the two dimensional image data is obtained intra-operatively.

6. The system of claim 1 wherein the system includes a fifth circuit that performs an initial kinematic assessment of the joint.

7. The system of claim 6 wherein the third circuit also registers the image data to the digitized landmarks, and to the kinematic assessment.

8. The system of claim 1 wherein the fourth circuit also displays digitized landmarks along with the registered two dimensional image data.

9. The system of claim 1 wherein the fourth circuit also displays a proposed resection plane on the registered two dimensional image data.

10. The system of claim 1 wherein the fourth circuit also displays the varus/valgus data and the extension/flexion data.

11. A method for registering two dimensional image data to intra-operatively digitized landmarks obtained during a joint arthroplasty procedure on a patient having a joint in need of such a procedure, the method comprising the steps of:

importing the two dimensional image data for the joint into memory of a surgical navigation system capable of determining the position and orientation of an object within a working volume wherein the surgical navigation system includes a display, a central processing unit and storage;

performing an anatomical survey of the joint and an associated limb;

digitizing selected landmarks based on the anatomical survey;

determining a mechanical axis for the limb based on the digitized landmarks;

registering the two dimensional image data to the mechanical axis and displaying the registered image data on the display; and

guiding a cutting jig into position within the knee joint using the surgical navigation system based on the landmarks.

12. The method of claim 11 including the additional step of displaying the position of the cutting jig on the display relative to the registered two dimensional image data.

13. The method of claim 11 including the additional step of displaying a modified image based on the two dimensional image data showing a resection of a bone within the joint.

14. The method of claim 11 wherein the two dimensional image data is obtained pre-operatively.

15. The method of claim 11 wherein the two dimensional image data is obtained intra-operatively.

16. The method of claim 11 including the additional step of performing an initial kinematic assessment of the joint.

17. The method of claim 16 wherein the two dimensional image data is also registered to the digitized landmarks, and to the kinematic assessment.

18. The method of claim 11 wherein the digitized landmarks are displayed along with the registered two dimensional image data.