Stimulation methodologies and apparatus for control of brain states
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Abstract
A system for accessing the brain of a subject to record and/or stimulate brain stares thereof. The system includes control means, first accessing means having a plurality of contact surfaces configured to operatively connect the control means to the brain of the subject to provide three-dimensional stimulation thereof; second accessing means having a plurality of contact surfaces to operatively connect the control means to the brain of the subject to provide access thereto for the purposes of obtaining three-dimensional recordings of the brain electrical activity of the subject; and a waveform bank containing a plurality of stimulating waveforms. The control means is configured to operatively apply a first at least one of the stimulating waveforms of the waveform bank to the brain of the subject through the first accessing means and to assess acceptability within defined limits, as determined by preset criteria, of the subject'"'"'s response to the application of the at first least one of the stimulating waveforms.
105 Citations
46 Claims
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2. (canceled)
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6. A system for controlling at least one change in brain state of a subject comprising:
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(a) receiving means configured to receive a signal indicative of the subject'"'"'s brain activity;
(b) a waveform bank containing a plurality of, or waveform components of a plurality of, stimulation waveforms;
(c) output means configured to deliver the at least one stimulation waveform to the brain of the subject; and
(d) signal processing means configured to;
(1) analyze the signal indicative of the subject'"'"'s brain activity to determine at least one measure of brain excitability, (2) determine when the measure of brain excitability reaches a prespecified level associated with a state change, and (3) trigger the output means to deliver a stimulation waveform; and
(e) control means configured;
(1) to select from the waveform bank, or construct from waveform components in the waveform bank, a first stimulation waveform or train of waveforms, (2) to assess therapeutic efficacy or safety of at least one stimulation with the selected waveform being delivered by the output means to control the brain state of the subject or to control a level of brain excitability of the subject, and (3) if the therapeutic efficacy or safety is determined to be ineffective or unsafe, to select or construct a second stimulation waveform from the waveform bank for use by the output means.
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46. A system for controlling at least one change in brain state of a subject comprising:
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(a) receiving means configured to receive a signal indicative of the subject'"'"'s brain activity;
(b) a waveform bank containing a plurality of, or waveform components of a plurality of, stimulation waveforms;
(c) signal processing means configured to;
(1) analyze the signal indicative of the subject'"'"'s brain activity to determine at least one measure of brain excitability, (2) determine when the measure of brain excitability reaches a prespecified level associated with a state change, and (3) trigger the output means to deliver a stimulation waveform;
(d) control means configured to select from the waveform bank, or construct from waveform components in the waveform bank, a first stimulation waveform or train of waveforms;
(e) output means configured to deliver the at least one stimulation waveform to the brain of the subject; and
(f) assessing means configured;
(1) to assess a response of the subject to the at least one stimulation with the selected waveform being delivered by the output means to control the brain state of the subject or to control a level of brain excitability of the subject, and (3) if the assessing means determines the response to be ineffective or unsafe, to cause the control means to automatically select or construct a second stimulation waveform from the waveform bank for use by the output means.
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Specification