Fingerprint verification system

• US 20060050932A1
• Filed: 10/19/2005
• Published: 03/09/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 09/15/2000
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Craig Arndt, David M. Tumey, Tianning Xu
• Original Assignee: Craig Arndt, David M. Tumey, Tianning Xu
• Inventors: Xu, Tianning, Tumey, David M., Arndt, Craig
• Granted Patent: US 7,212,655 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 382/116
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 30/2504 Coarse or fine approaches, e.g. resolution of ambiguities or multiscale approaches
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 40/1365 Matching; Classification

Abstract

A biometric verification system for controlling access is provided that does not rely on a non-biometric discriminator, such as a PIN or magnetic card, to convert a one-to-many verification task to a one-to-one verification task. The system enrolls authorized users by obtaining digitized fingerprint templates from them and storing them in a database. Video cameras and fingerprint sensors are provided for use in authenticating persons seeking access. Software compares a digital representation of a captured human facial image with stored facial images in a database of facial images, generating a match confidence therefrom and rank-ordering the database from highest to lowest match confidence. The software then compares captured human fingerprints with stored fingerprint templates associated with the rank-ordered database to verify the identity of the person and provide an output signal indicative of recognition.

Claims

1. A biometric verification system for determining whether a person'"'"'s detected biometric characteristics match any biometric templates stored on a database containing the biometric templates of a large number of users without relying on a non-biometric discriminator to convert a one-to-many verification task to a one-to-one verification task, the system comprising:

a video camera and video digitizer for acquiring a digital representation of a human facial image;

a biometric sensor for acquiring a digital representation of a human fingerprint;

a processor associated with said camera, digitizer and biometric sensor, said processor being capable of processing signals from said camera, digitizer and biometric sensor;

heuristic ordering software resident on said processor for comparing said digital representation of a human facial image with stored facial images in a database of facial images, generating a match confidence therefrom and rank-ordering said database from highest to lowest match confidence; and

verification software resident on said processor for comparing said digital representation of a human fingerprint with stored fingerprints associated with said rank-ordered database in the order created by the heuristic ordering software to verify the identity of said person and provide an output signal indicative of recognition

2. The verification system of claim 1, further comprising an electronic locking mechanism which can be enabled or disabled by said output signal.

3. A heuristic search method for controlling access to secure areas including the steps of:

for each of a plurality of authorized human users, enrolling a first digitized fingerprint and a first digitized facial image representation of said authorized human user and storing said first digitized fingerprint and said first digitized facial image in a database memory;

detecting when a person attempts to gain access to said secure area and acquiring a second digitized facial image and a second digitized fingerprint;

comparing said second digitized facial image with the first digitized facial image representations of each of said plurality of authorized human users to determine a first match confidence with each of said plurality of authorized human users;

ordering said database memory from highest first match confidence to lowest first match confidence;

comparing said second digitized fingerprint with the first digitized fingerprint of one or more of said plurality of authorized human users in the order created by said ordering step to determine a second match confidence; and

allowing or preventing access to said secure area in the event the second match confidence falls above or below a predetermined threshold without relying on a non-biometric discriminator to convert a one-to-many verification task to a one-to-one verification task.

4. The method of claim 3, which is further characterized to include the step of allowing access only in the event of said first match confidence and said second match confidence falling above a predetermined threshold.

5. The method of claim 3, which is further characterized to include the step of activating an electronic lock mechanism in the event said second match confidence falls above a predetermined threshold.

6. The method of claim 3, which is further characterized to include the step of activating an alarm system in the event said second match confidence falls below a predetermined threshold.

7. The method of claim 6, which is further characterized to include the step of notifying a security monitoring service located at a central receiving station in the event said second match confidence falls below a predetermined threshold.

8. The method of claim 7, which is further characterized to include the step of transmitting said second digitized facial image to said central receiving station to enable a positive identification of said human user.

9. A one-to-many biometric verification system utilizing facial image comparisons to enhance the efficiency of a fingerprint verification analysis, the verification system comprising:

a storage device containing a database of facial image templates and fingerprint templates acquired from a plurality of enrolled individuals, said database associating each facial image template with at least one corresponding fingerprint template acquired from the same enrolled individual;

a camera for obtaining a newly acquired digital representation of a human facial image;

a fingerprint sensor for obtaining a newly acquired digital representation of a human fingerprint;

a processor associated with said storage device, camera, and fingerprint sensor; and

software resident on said processor for comparing the newly acquired digital representation of a human facial image with the stored facial image templates, identifying a subset of more than one, but less than all, of said stored facial image templates that most closely match the newly acquired digital representation of a human facial image, then comparing the newly acquired digital representation of a human fingerprint with the fingerprint templates associated with said subset, and producing an output signal indicative of whether an enrolled individual is recognized;

wherein the software is adapted to produce an output signal indicative of whether an enrolled individual is recognized without relying on a non-biometric discriminator to convert a one-to-many verification task to a one-to-one verification task.

10. The verification system of claim 9, being further characterized in that enrolled individuals are not provided with personal identification codes that must be provided to and evaluated by the verification system to produce an output signal indicative of whether an enrolled individual is recognized.

11. The verification system of claim 9, being further characterized in that enrolled individuals are not provided with personal identification cards that must be provided to and evaluated by the verification system to produce an output signal indicative of whether an enrolled individual is recognized.

12. The verification system of claim 9, being further characterized in that enrolled individuals are not provided with personal identification codes or personal identification cards that must be evaluated by the verification system to produce an output signal indicative of whether an enrolled individual is recognized.

13. The verification system of claim 9, wherein the software is adapted to scale the newly acquired digital representation of a human facial image to substantially fit a predetermined size.