Systems, methods, and apparatus for automatic software flow using instrument detection during computer-aided surgery

• US 20060200025A1
• Filed: 12/01/2005
• Published: 09/07/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 12/02/2004
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Smith & Nephew Incorporated (Smith & Nephew PLC)
• Original Assignee: Smith & Nephew Incorporated (Smith & Nephew PLC)
• Inventors: Elliott, Scott, McCombs, Daniel
• Application Number:
  US11/296,851
• Publication Number:
  US 20060200025A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 600/424
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00207 with hand gesture control or hand gesture recognition
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/105 Modelling of the patient, e.g. for ligaments or bones
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2055 Optical tracking systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2068 using pointers, e.g. pointers having reference marks for determining coordinates of body points
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2074 Interface software
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/254 being adapted depending on the stage of the surgical procedure
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/256 having a database of accessory information, e.g. including context sensitive help or scientific articles
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/3983 Reference marker arrangements for use with image guided surgery
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/10 Computer-aided planning, simulation or modelling of surgical operations
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/20 Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/74 Manipulators with manual electric input means
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/36 Image-producing devices or illumination devices not otherwise provided for
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/39 Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/98 using electromagnetic means, e.g. transponders

Abstract

Systems, methods, and apparatuses for automatic software flow using instrument detection during a computer-aided surgery. At least system in accordance with an embodiment of the invention includes a computer-aided surgical navigational system with a display screen and at least one sensor. The system can include a processor capable of detecting a plurality of arrays, wherein each array is associated with a respective surgical instrument. The processor is further capable of determining a respective surgical procedure associated with the respective surgical instrument, based at least in part on detecting at least one array using the sensor. In addition, the processor is capable of outputting via the screen at least one user interface associated with the respective surgical procedure associated with the respective surgical instrument.

Claims

1. A computer-aided surgical navigational system with a display screen and at least one sensor, comprising:

a processor capable of

detecting a plurality of arrays, wherein each array is associated with a respective surgical instrument;

based at least in part on detecting at least one array using the sensor, determining a respective surgical procedure associated with the respective surgical instrument; and

outputting via the screen at least one user interface associated with the respective surgical procedure associated with the respective surgical instrument.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein a characteristic associated with the plurality of arrays can uniquely identify each array.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the characteristic is selected from at least one of the following:

shape, size, type, or signal.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of arrays comprise at least one of the following:

a fiducial member, a sensor, an infrared sensor, or a marker.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of surgical instruments comprise at least one of the following:

distal femoral cutting guide, a tibial cutting guide, a four-in-one drill guide, a cutting guide, a drill, a tool, an instrument used in an orthopedic surgical procedure, or an instrument used in a surgical procedure.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the surgical procedure comprises at least one of the following:

a distal femoral cutting procedure, a tibial cutting procedure, a cut, a series of cuts, a series of steps in a surgical procedure, a knee replacement procedure, or an orthopedic surgical procedure.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the user interface comprises at least one of the following:

a display of the surgical instrument relative to the patient'"'"'s body, an instruction associated with the surgical procedure, a selection of measurements associated with the surgical procedure, or a command associated with the surgical procedure.

8. A method performed by a computer-aided surgical navigational system with a display screen and at least one sensor, comprising:

associating a plurality of arrays with a plurality of surgical instruments, wherein each array is associated with a respective surgical instrument;

associating the plurality of surgical instruments with a plurality of surgical procedures, wherein each surgical instrument is associated with a respective surgical procedure;

associating the plurality of surgical procedures with a plurality of user interfaces, wherein each surgical procedure is associated with at least one respective user interface;

detecting at least one array;

based at least in part on detecting the array using the sensor, determining a respective surgical procedure associated with a respective surgical instrument; and

outputting via the screen at least one user interface associated with the respective surgical procedure associated with the respective surgical instrument.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein a characteristic associated with the plurality of arrays can uniquely identify each array.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the characteristic is selected from at least one of the following:

shape, size, type, or signal.

11. The method of claim 8, wherein the plurality of arrays comprise at least one of the following:

a fiducial member, a sensor, an infrared sensor, or a marker.

12. The method of claim 8, wherein the plurality of surgical instruments comprise at least one of the following:

distal femoral cutting guide, a tibial cutting guide, a four-in-one drill guide, a cutting guide, a drill, a tool, an instrument used in an orthopedic surgical procedure, or an instrument used in a surgical procedure.

13. The method of claim 8, wherein the plurality of surgical procedures comprise at least one of the following:

a distal femoral cutting procedure, a tibial cutting procedure, a cut, a series of cuts, a series of steps in a surgical procedure, a knee replacement procedure, or an orthopedic surgical procedure.

14. The method of claim 8, wherein the user interface comprises at least one of the following:

a display of the surgical instrument relative to the patient'"'"'s body, an instruction associated with the surgical procedure, a selection of measurements associated with the surgical procedure, or a command associated with the surgical procedure.

15. A computer-aided surgical navigational system with a display screen and at least one sensor, comprising:

a probe capable of

contacting a portion of a plurality of arrays associated with a plurality of surgical instruments, wherein each array is associated with a respective surgical instrument; and

a processor capable of

detecting the contacted portion of at least one array associated with a respective surgical instrument;

based at least in part on detection of the contacted portion of the array associated with the respective surgical instrument using the sensor, determining a respective surgical procedure associated with the respective surgical instrument; and

outputting via the screen at least one user interface associated with the respective surgical procedure associated with the respective surgical instrument.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein a characteristic associated with the plurality of arrays can uniquely identify each array.

17. The system of claim 16, wherein the characteristic is selected from at least one of the following:

shape, size, type, or signal.

18. The system of claim 15, wherein the plurality of arrays comprise at least one of the following:

a fiducial member, a sensor, an infrared sensor, or a marker.

19. The system of claim 15, wherein the plurality of surgical instruments comprise at least one of the following:

distal femoral cutting guide, a tibial cutting guide, a four-in-one drill guide, a cutting guide, a drill, a tool, an instrument used in an orthopedic surgical procedure, or an instrument used in a surgical procedure.

20. The system of claim 15, wherein the surgical procedure comprises at least one of the following:

a distal femoral cut, a distal femoral cutting procedure, a tibial cut, a tibial cutting procedure, a cut, a series of cuts, a series of steps in a surgical procedure, a knee replacement procedure, or an orthopedic surgical procedure.

21. The system of claim 15, wherein the user interface comprises at least one of the following:

a display of the surgical instrument relative to the patient'"'"'s body, an instruction associated with the surgical procedure, a selection of measurements associated with the surgical procedure, or a command associated with the surgical procedure.

22. A method performed by a computer-aided surgical navigational system with a display screen and at least one sensor, comprising:

associating a plurality of arrays with a plurality of surgical instruments, wherein each array is associated with a respective surgical instrument;

associating the plurality of surgical instruments with a plurality of surgical procedures, wherein each surgical instrument is associated with a respective surgical procedure;

associating the plurality of surgical procedures with a plurality of user interfaces, wherein each surgical procedure is associated with at least one respective user interface;

contacting a portion of at least one array with a probe;

detecting the contacted portion of the array;

based at least in part on detecting the contacted portion of the array using the sensor, determining a respective surgical procedure associated with a respective surgical instrument; and

outputting via the screen at least one user interface associated with the respective surgical procedure associated with the respective surgical instrument.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein a characteristic associated with the plurality of arrays can uniquely identify each array.

24. The system of claim 23, wherein the characteristic is selected from at least one of the following:

shape, size, type, or signal.

25. The method of claim 22, wherein the plurality of arrays comprise at least one of the following:

a fiducial member, a sensor, an infrared sensor, or a marker.

26. The method of claim 22, wherein the plurality of surgical instruments comprise at least one of the following:

distal femoral cutting guide, a tibial cutting guide, a four-in-one drill guide, a cutting guide, a drill, a tool, an instrument used in an orthopedic surgical procedure, or an instrument used in a surgical procedure.

27. The method of claim 22, wherein the plurality of surgical procedures comprise at least one of the following:

a distal femoral cutting procedure, a tibial cutting procedure, a cut, a series of cuts, a series of steps in a surgical procedure, a knee replacement procedure, or an orthopedic surgical procedure.

28. The method of claim 22, wherein the user interface comprises at least one of the following:

a display of the surgical instrument relative to the patient'"'"'s body, an instruction associated with the surgical procedure, a selection of measurements associated with the surgical procedure, or a command associated with the surgical procedure.

29. A computer-aided surgical navigational system with a display screen and a sensor, comprising:

a processor capable of

detecting a portion of a patient'"'"'s body;

detecting a plurality of arrays associated with plurality of surgical instruments, wherein each array is associated with a respective surgical instrument;

determining a position of at least one array associated with a respective surgical instrument; and

based at least in part on determining the position of the array with respect to the portion of the patient'"'"'s body using the sensor, determining a respective surgical procedure associated with the position of a particular array associated with the respective surgical instrument; and

outputting via the screen at least one user interface associated with a respective surgical procedure associated with the respective surgical instrument.

30. The system of claim 29, wherein a characteristic associated with the plurality of arrays can uniquely identify each array.

31. The system of claim 30, wherein the characteristic is selected from at least one of the following:

shape, size, type, or signal.

32. The system of claim 29, wherein the plurality of arrays comprise at least one of the following:

a fiducial member, a sensor, an infrared sensor, or a marker.

33. The system of claim 29, wherein the plurality of surgical instruments comprise at least one of the following:

distal femoral cutting guide, a tibial cutting guide, a four-in-one drill guide, a cutting guide, a drill, a tool, an instrument used in an orthopedic surgical procedure, or an instrument used in a surgical procedure.

34. The system of claim 29, wherein the plurality of surgical procedures comprise at least one of the following:

a distal femoral cut, a distal femoral cutting procedure, a tibial cut, a tibial cutting procedure, a cut, a series of cuts, a series of steps in a surgical procedure, a knee replacement procedure, or an orthopedic surgical procedure.

35. The system of claim 29, wherein the user interface comprises at least one of the following:

a display of the surgical instrument relative to the patient'"'"'s body, an instruction associated with the surgical procedure, a selection of measurements associated with the surgical procedure, or a command associated with the surgical procedure.

36. A method performed by a computer-aided surgical navigational system with a display screen and at least one sensor, comprising:

associating a plurality of arrays with a plurality of surgical instruments and a portion of a patient'"'"'s body, wherein each array is associated with a respective surgical instrument or a portion of the patient'"'"'s body;

associating the plurality of surgical instruments with a plurality of surgical procedures, wherein each surgical instrument is associated with a respective surgical procedure;

associating the plurality of surgical procedures with a plurality of user interfaces, wherein each surgical procedure is associated with at least one user interface;

detecting at least one array associated with a portion of the patient'"'"'s body;

detecting at least one array associated with a surgical instrument;

based at least in part on detecting the position of the array associated with a portion of the patient'"'"'s body relative to the array associated with a surgical instrument using the sensor, determining a respective surgical procedure associated with a respective surgical instrument; and

outputting via the screen at least one user interface associated with the respective surgical procedure associated with the respective surgical instrument.

37. The method of claim 36, wherein a characteristic associated with the plurality of arrays can uniquely identify each array.

38. The method of claim 37, wherein the characteristic is selected from at least one of the following:

shape, size, type, or signal.

39. The method of claim 36, wherein the plurality of arrays comprise at least one of the following:

a fiducial member, a sensor, an infrared sensor, or a marker.

40. The method of claim 36, wherein the plurality of surgical instruments comprise at least one of the following:

distal femoral cutting guide, a tibial cutting guide, a four-in-one drill guide, a cutting guide, a drill, a tool, an instrument used in an orthopedic surgical procedure, or an instrument used in a surgical procedure.

41. The method of claim 36, wherein the plurality of surgical procedures comprise at least one of the following:

a distal femoral cutting procedure, a tibial cutting procedure, a cut, a series of cuts, a series of steps in a surgical procedure, a knee replacement procedure, or an orthopedic surgical procedure.

42. The method of claim 36, wherein the user interface comprises at least one of the following:

a display of the surgical instrument relative to the patient'"'"'s body, an instruction associated with the surgical procedure, a selection of measurements associated with the surgical procedure, or a command associated with the surgical procedure.

43. A surgical method performed in conjunction with a computer-aided surgical navigational system with a display screen and at least one sensor, comprising:

manipulating a surgical instrument associated with an array, wherein the array can be detected by the at least one sensor; and

based at least in part on manipulating the particular array, receiving via the screen at least one user interface associated with a respective surgical procedure associated with the respective surgical instrument.

44. A surgical method performed in conjunction with a computer-aided surgical navigational system with a display screen and at least one sensor, comprising:

manipulating a surgical instrument associated with an array, wherein the array can be detected by the at least one sensor;

contacting a probe with a portion of the array, wherein the contact of the probe with the array can be detected by the at least one sensor; and

based at least in part on detecting the contact of the probe with the array, receiving via the screen at least one user interface associated with a respective surgical procedure associated with the respective surgical instrument.

45. A surgical method performed in conjunction with a computer-aided surgical navigational system with a display screen and at least one sensor, comprising:

manipulating a portion of a patient'"'"'s body associated with a first array, wherein the first array can be detected by the at least one sensor;

manipulating a surgical instrument associated with a second array relative to the portion of the patient'"'"'s body, wherein the second array can be detected by the at least one sensor; and

based at least in part on the position of the surgical instrument relative to the portion of the patient'"'"'s body, receiving via the screen at least one user interface associated with a respective surgical procedure associated with the respective surgical instrument.