Remote controlled in situ reaction device

• US 20070106331A1
• Filed: 11/09/2005
• Published: 05/10/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 11/09/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Gearbox LLC (Intellectual Ventures LLC)
• Original Assignee: Searete LLC (Intellectual Ventures LLC)
• Inventors: Langer, Robert, Jung, Edward, Hood, Leroy, Tegreene, Clarence, Wood, Lowell, Ishikawa, Muriel, Wood, Victoria
• Granted Patent: US 8,617,141 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 607/2
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 41/00 Medicinal preparations obtained by treating materials with wave energy or particle radiation ; Therapies using these preparations
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/0009 involving or responsive to electricity, magnetism or acoustic waves; Galenical aspects of sonophoresis, iontophoresis, electroporation or electroosmosis microelectromechanical systems A61K9/0097
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/0024 Solid, semi-solid or solidifying implants, which are implanted or injected in body tissue compositions for intravenous administration, normal injectable solutions or dispersions for, e.g. subcutaneous administration A61K9/0019; brain implants A61K9/0085; (coated) prostheses, catheters or stents A61L
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/0097 Micromachined devices; Microelectromechanical systems [MEMS]; Devices obtained by lithographic treatment of silicon; Devices comprising chips intradermal microneedle arrays A61K9/0021; MEMS in general B81B7/02
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2005/14513 with secondary fluid driving or regulating the infusion
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/0266 Shape memory materials
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/0288 Electro-rheological or magneto-rheological materials
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3523 using telemetric means
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3569 sublocal, e.g. between console and disposable
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/36 related to heating or cooling
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/52 with memories providing a history of measured variating parameters of apparatus or patient
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/14276 specially adapted for implantation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/145 using pressurised reservoirs, e.g. pressurised by means of pistons
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/172 electrical or electronic A61M5/16804, A61M5/16831 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/1723 using feedback of body parameters, e.g. blood-sugar, pressure measurement of body parameters A61B5/00
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 19/0006 Controlling or regulating processes controlling or regulating in general G05
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00049 Controlling or regulating processes
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/008 Control or steering systems not provided for elsewhere in subclass C02F
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/02 by heating methods of steam generation F22B; preheating boiler feed-water or accumulating preheated boiler feed-water F22D
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/66 by neutralisation; pH adjustment for degassing C02F1/20; using ion-exchange C02F1/42; for flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities C02F1/52; for removing dissolved compounds C02F1/58
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2101/20 : Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2101/363 : PCB's; PCP's
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2209/02 : Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: C12N 9/0004 : Oxidoreductases (1.)
• CPC Class Codes: C12N 9/0006 : acting on CH-OH groups as donors (1.1)
• CPC Class Codes: C12N 9/10 : Transferases (2.) ribonucleases C12N9/22
• CPC Class Codes: C12N 9/12 : transferring phosphorus containing groups, e.g. kinases (2.7)
• CPC Class Codes: C12N 9/14 : Hydrolases (3)
• CPC Class Codes: C12N 9/88 : Lyases (4.)
• CPC Class Codes: C12N 9/90 : Isomerases (5.)
• CPC Class Codes: C12N 9/93 : Ligases (6)
• CPC Class Codes: G08C 17/02 : using a radio link

Abstract

Embodiments of a system including a remotely controlled reaction device and associated controller are described. Methods of use and control of the device are also disclosed. According to various embodiments, a reaction device is placed in an environment in order to perform a chemical reaction in an environment. Exemplary environments include a body of an organism, a body of water, or an enclosed volume of a fluid. In selected embodiments, a magnetic field, an electric field, or electromagnetic control signal may be used.

Claims

1. A reaction device comprising:

a body structure adapted for positioning in a body of an organism;

a reaction region located in or on the body structure, the reaction region including a first material capable of influencing a chemical reaction; and

a remotely activatable control element operably coupled to the body structure and responsive to an electromagnetic field control signal to modify one or more of the rate or kinetics of the chemical reaction.

21. The reaction device of claim 1, wherein the reaction region is located in an interior portion of the body structure and is at least intermittently in fluid communication with the environment via at least one inlet or outlet.

22. The reaction device of claim 1, wherein the reaction region is located on an exterior portion of the body structure in fluid communication with the environment.

101. The reaction device of claim 1, wherein the organism is an animal, a human, or a plant.

102. The reaction device of claim 1, wherein the remotely activatable control element modifies one or more of the rate or reaction kinetics of the chemical reaction by modifying the influence of the first material on the chemical reaction or by modifying the rate of exposure of a reactant capable of participating in the chemical reaction to the first material.

103. The reaction device of claim 1, wherein the remotely activatable control element includes at least one polymer, ceramic, dielectric, metal, hydrogel, ferrogel, ferroelectric, magnetically active material, electrically active material, permanently magnetizable material, ferromagnetic material, ferrimagnetic material, ferrous material, a ferric material, piezoelectric material, diamagnetic material, paramagnetic material, or antiferromagnetic material.

104. The reaction device of claim 1, wherein the remotely activatable control element includes a polymer and a magnetically or electrically active component, wherein the magnetically or electrically active component is capable of being heated or cooled by action of the electromagnetic field control signal, and wherein heating of the magnetically or electrically active component causes the polymer to undergo a change in configuration that modifies the influence of the first material on the chemical reaction.

105. The reaction device of claim 1, wherein the remotely activatable control element is responsive to at least one of a static or quasi-static electrical field, a static or quasi-static magnetic field, a non-ionizing electromagnetic signal, a radio-frequency electromagnetic signal, a microwave electromagnetic signal, an infrared electromagnetic signal, a millimeter wave electromagnetic signal, an optical electromagnetic signal, or an ultraviolet electromagnetic signal.

106. The reaction device of claim 1, wherein the remotely activatable control element responds to the control signal by at least one of producing heating, producing cooling, changing shape, changing configuration, changing volume or changing surface area.

107. The reaction device of claim 1, wherein the first material is selected from a reactant that is modified by participation in the chemical reaction, a non-reactant material that modifies at least one condition at which the reaction occurs, or a catalyst that facilitates the chemical reaction but is not significantly modified by the chemical reaction.

108. The reaction device of claim 1, wherein the first material is non-reactant material that modifies at least one of the magnetic polarity, electric polarity, hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, osmolality, pH, charge, or charge of at least a portion of the reaction region.

109. The reaction device of claim 1, wherein the first material includes one or more of a hydrophobic group, a hydrophilic group, an acid, an acidifier, a base, an alkalizer, a buffering agent, an enzyme, an antioxidant, a charge donor, or a charge acceptor.

110. The reaction device of claim 1, wherein the first material is a catalyst that facilitates the chemical reaction but is not significantly modified by the chemical reaction, the catalyst including at least one transition metal, acid-base catalyst, catalytic nucleic acid, enzyme, oxidoreductase, transferase, hydrolase, lyase, isomerase, ligase, enzymatic complexes, or cofactor.

111. The reaction device of claim 1, wherein the reaction produces a material that has a beneficial effect on the organism or a local portion thereof, or wherein the reaction destroys, traps, or sequesters a material from the body of the organism that is harmful to the organism or a portion thereof.

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45. A reaction device comprising:

a body structure adapted for positioning in an environment;

a reaction region located in or on the body structure, the reaction region including a first material capable of influencing a chemical reaction; and

a remotely activatable control element operably coupled to the body structure and responsive to input of energy from electromagnetic control signal to modify one or more of the rate or kinetics of the chemical reaction through at least one of a mechanical, thermal or chemical mechanism.

112. The reaction device of claim 45, wherein the remotely activatable control element modifies one or more of the rate or reaction kinetics of the chemical reaction by at least one of modifying the influence of the first material on the chemical reaction or modifying the rate of exposure of a reactant capable of participating in the chemical reaction to the first material.

113. The reaction device of claim 45, wherein the remotely activatable control element includes at least one of a polymer, ceramic, dielectric, metal, shape memory material, shape memory polymer, shape memory metal, bimetallic structure, hydrogel, ferrogel, ferroelectric, magnetically active material, electrically active material, permanently magnetizable material, ferromagnetic material, ferrimagnetic material, ferrous material, ferric material, piezoelectric material, diamagnetic material, paramagnetic material, antiferromagnetic material, or combination of a polymer and a magnetically or electrically active component.

114. The reaction device of claim 45, wherein the remotely activatable control element includes a polymer and a magnetically or electrically active component, wherein the magnetically or electrically active component is capable of being heated or cooled by action of the incident electromagnetic control signal, and wherein heating or cooling of the magnetically or electrically active component causes the polymer to undergo a change in configuration that modifies the influence of the first material on the chemical reaction.

115. The reaction device of claim 45, wherein the remotely activatable control element is responsive to at least one of a static or quasi-static electrical field, a static or quasi-static magnetic field, a non-ionizing electromagnetic signal, a radio-frequency electromagnetic signal, a microwave electromagnetic signal, an infrared electromagnetic signal, a millimeter wave electromagnetic signal, an optical electromagnetic signal, or an ultraviolet electromagnetic signal.

116. The reaction device of claim 45, wherein the reaction region is located in an interior portion of the body structure and is at least intermittently in fluid communication with the environment via at least one inlet or outlet, and wherein the reaction device includes a valve configured to modify the flow of fluid into or out of the reaction region responsive to a change in at least one dimension of the remotely activatable control element.

117. The reaction device of claim 45, wherein the remotely activatable control element responds to the control signal by producing heating, by producing cooling, or by changing shape.

118. The reaction device of claim 45, wherein the first material is a reactant that is modified by participation in the chemical reaction, a non-reactant material that modifies at least one condition at which the reaction occurs, or a catalyst that facilitates the chemical reaction but is not significantly modified by the chemical reaction.

119. The reaction device of claim 45, wherein the reaction produces a material that has a beneficial effect in the environment or destroys, traps, or sequesters a harmful material from the environment.

120. The reaction device of claim 45, including a body structure adapted for positioning in an environment selected from a body of an organism, a body of water, a contained fluid volume, an industrial fluid volume, an agricultural fluid volume, a swimming pool, an aquarium, a drinking water supply, or an HVAC system cooling water supply.

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83. A reaction system comprising:

a reaction device including;

a body structure adapted for positioning in a body of an organism;

a reaction region located in or on the body structure, the reaction region including a first material capable of influencing a chemical reaction; and

a remotely activatable control element operably coupled to the body structure and responsive to an electromagnetic control signal to modify one or more of the rate or kinetics of the chemical reaction; and

a remote control signal source capable of generating an electromagnetic control signal sufficient to activate the remotely activatable control element to produce a desired rate or kinetics of the chemical reaction.

100. The reaction system of claim 83, wherein said remote control signal source includes at least one of hardware, firmware, or software configured to control generation of the electromagnetic control signal.

121. The reaction system of claim 83, wherein the remotely activatable control element includes at least one a polymer, ceramic, dielectric, metal, shape memory material, magnetically active material, electrically active material, permanently magnetizable material, ferromagnetic material, ferrimagnetic material, ferrous material, ferric material, ferroelectric material, piezoelectric material, diamagnetic material, paramagnetic material, antiferromagnetic material, or combination of a polymer and a magnetically or electrically active component.

122. The reaction system of claim 83, including a remote control signal source configured to generate at least one of a static or quasi-static electrical field control signal, a static or quasi-static magnetic field control signal, a radio-frequency electromagnetic control signal, a microwave electromagnetic control signal, an infrared electromagnetic control signal, a millimeter wave electromagnetic control signal, an optical electromagnetic control signal, or an ultraviolet electromagnetic control signal sufficient to activate the remotely activatable control element to produce a desired rate or kinetics of the chemical reaction.

123. The reaction system of claim 83, wherein the reaction region is located in an interior portion of the body structure and is at least intermittently in fluid communication with the environment via at least one inlet or outlet, and wherein the reaction system includes a valve responsive to a change in at least one dimension of the remotely activatable control element and configured to modify the flow of fluid into the reaction region responsive to the change in at least one dimension of the remotely activatable control element.

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