Posture detection system

• US 20070115277A1
• Filed: 11/18/2005
• Published: 05/24/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 11/18/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cardiac Pacemakers Incorporated (Boston Scientific Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Cardiac Pacemakers Incorporated (Boston Scientific Corporation)
• Inventors: Wang, Hua, Hatlestad, John, Maile, Keith
• Granted Patent: US 7,471,290 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 345/419
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0468 Built-in electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0219 Inertial sensors, e.g. accelerometers, gyroscopes, tilt switches
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1116 Determining posture transitions
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/686 Permanently implanted devices, e.g. pacemakers, other stimulators, biochips A61B5/6861 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36535 controlled by body position or posture
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/011 Arrangements for interaction with the human body, e.g. for user immersion in virtual reality blind teaching G09B21/00
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0346 with detection of the device orientation or free movement in a 3D space, e.g. 3D mice, 6-DOF [six degrees of freedom] pointers using gyroscopes, accelerometers or tilt-sensors

Abstract

Methods, systems, and apparatus are described for posture detection. Orientations of a body are detected with respect to first and second axes. A movement of the body with respect to a third axis is also detected. Three-dimensional orientations of the body are determined based on the orientations and the movement. The detected posture may be used for applications such as controlling medical devices and detecting patient disorders.

Claims

1. A method, comprising:

detecting orientations of a body with respect to first and second axes;

detecting movement of the body with respect to a third axis; and

determining a three-dimensional orientations of the body based on the orientations and the movement.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising detecting steady-state acceleration conditions of the body with respect to the first and second axes.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein the determining the three-dimensional orientations of the body comprises determining the three-dimensional orientations of the body for the steady-state acceleration conditions.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein determining the three-dimensional position of the body comprises determining a sign of the three-dimensional position with respect to the third axis based on transitions between the steady-state acceleration conditions.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the three-dimensional position of the body comprises calculating a magnitude component of the three-dimensional position with respect to the third axis using magnitude components of the three-dimensional position with respect to the first and second axes.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein detecting the orientation of the body with respect to the first and second axes comprises detecting the orientation using one or more sensors responsive to the earth'"'"'s gravitational field.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein detecting orientations of a body with respect to first and second axes comprises detecting the orientation using one or more DC accelerometers.

8. The method of claim 7, further comprising determining steady-state acceleration conditions of the body with respect to the first and second axes using AC components extracted from signals of the DC accelerometers.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein detecting the movement of the body comprises detecting the movement using one or more AC accelerometers.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein at least two of the first, second, and third axes are substantially orthogonal.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein at least two of the first, second, and third axes are non-orthogonal.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the body is a patient'"'"'s body, and at least one of detecting the orientation, detecting the movement, and determining the three-dimensional position are performed at least in part implantably.

13. The method of claim 1, further comprising controlling a medical device based on the three-dimensional position of the body.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the controlling a medical device comprises controlling a cardiac rhythm management device.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein the body is a patient'"'"'s body, and further comprising tracking patient well-being at least in part using the three-dimensional position of the patient'"'"'s body.

16. The method of claim 1, wherein the body is a patient'"'"'s body, and further comprising detecting a patient disorder based at least in part on the three-dimensional position of the patient'"'"'s body.

17. An apparatus, comprising:

first and second sensors responsive to a gravitational field, the first and second sensors disposed along respective first and second axes of the apparatus;

a movement sensor disposed along a third axis of the apparatus;

sensing circuitry coupled to the first and second sensors and the movement sensor, the sensing circuitry configured to,

determine orientations of the apparatus with respect to the first and second axes of the apparatus based on outputs of the first and second sensors;

determine movements of the apparatus based on outputs of the movement sensor; and

determine three-dimensional orientations of the apparatus based on the orientation and the movement.

18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the sensing circuitry is further configured to detect steady-state acceleration conditions of the apparatus and determining the three-dimensional orientations of the apparatus for the steady-state acceleration conditions.

19. The apparatus of claim 17, further comprising control circuitry coupled to the sensing circuitry and configured to receive the three-dimensional orientations of the apparatus and control the apparatus based on the three-dimensional orientations.

20. The apparatus of claim 19, further comprising cardiac rhythm management circuitry coupled to the control circuitry and configured to adjust a pacing provided by the implantable cardiac rhythm management circuitry based on the three-dimensional orientations of the apparatus received via the control circuitry.

21. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein at least two of the first, second, and third axes of the apparatus are substantially orthogonal.

22. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the apparatus comprises an implantable medical device.

23. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the sensing circuitry is configured to determine acceleration magnitudes along the third axis based on acceleration magnitudes detected via the first and second sensors.

24. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the sensing circuitry is configured to determine acceleration directions along the third axis based on successive determinations of the acceleration magnitudes along the third axis measured during subsequent steady-state acceleration periods.

25. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein one or more of the first and second sensors comprise DC accelerometers.

26. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the movement sensor comprises one or more AC accelerometers.

27. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the apparatus is implanted in a patient'"'"'s body, and wherein the sensing circuitry is configured to determine an orientation of the patient'"'"'s body based on the three-dimensional orientations of the apparatus.

28. A posture sensing system comprising:

means for detecting orientations of a body with respect to first and second axes;

means for detecting movement of the body with respect to a third axis; and

means for determining a three-dimensional orientation of the body based on the orientation and the movement.

29. The posture sensing system of claim 28, further comprising means for detecting steady-state acceleration conditions of the body for purposes of determining the three-dimensional orientation of the body during the steady-state acceleration conditions.