METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLING A NETWORK FOR POWER BEAM TRANSMISSION

• US 20070274226A1
• Filed: 05/24/2006
• Published: 11/29/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 05/24/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: The Boeing Co.
• Original Assignee: The Boeing Co.
• Inventors: TILLOTSON, Brian J.
• Granted Patent: US 7,929,908 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 370/252
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/20 using microwaves or radio frequency waves
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/30 using light, e.g. lasers
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/50 using additional energy repeaters between transmitting devices and receiving devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/60 responsive to the presence of foreign objects, e.g. detection of living beings
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/80 involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices

Abstract

A method of providing power beams via a network of source nodes. Source nodes are configured to receive requests for power beam service from airborne user nodes such as aircraft equipped with photovoltaic receivers. User nodes are configured to communicate a set of parameters, such as location, mobility, field of regard, one or more beam wavelengths compatible with the receiver, the beam wavelength further described with a maximum sustained power, duty cycle and pulse repetition rate. Source nodes publish parameters to a network control system. Source nodes publish their location, velocity vector, orientation, available beam capacity, and a schedule of user nodes currently receiving service from the node. Source nodes selectively receive requests from user nodes, and respond to the requests to satisfy the user node parameters. Relays may be used to avoid obstructions, and deconflicting sensors and obstruction sensors may be used detect unauthorized or unusable beam paths.

Claims

1. A power beam transmission system comprising:

a plurality of source nodes, each source node of the plurality of source nodes being configured to generate a power beam usable by at least one user node;

a control system to control operation of the plurality of source nodes;

at least one user node; and

a communication system for transmitting signals between the plurality of source nodes and the at least one user node;

the at least one user node being configured to transmit user node messages via the communication system to at least one source node, the user node messages including one or more of a set of operative parameters;

a power beam service request; and

at least one acceptance message in response to at least one offer from one of the plurality of source nodes;

each source node of the plurality of source nodes being configured upon receipt of a user node message to transmit an offer to provide power beam service in response to the power beam service request, wherein the offer to power beam service commits the source node to provide a power beam service corresponding to the set of operative parameters of the at least one user node and to deliver a power beam to the user node in response to receiving the at least one acceptance message from the user node.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein each source node of the plurality of source nodes is configured to communicate a set of power beam parameters, the power beam parameters including:

an indicator whether the source node is a mobile or stationary node;

a field of regard of the at least one source node relative to the at least one source node;

at least one power beam wavelength the source node is configured to deliver;

a maximum sustained beam power that the source node can transmit;

a maximum duty cycle;

a pulse repetition rate;

a pulse duration;

a nearest acceptable focal distance; and

a minimum angular width of the beam at infinity.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein each source node is also configured to communicate a set of physical parameters of the source node, the set of physical parameters including:

a location of the source node;

a velocity vector of the source node;

an orientation of the source node;

a listing identifying user nodes and user node power consumption to which the communicating source node is currently providing power service; and

an available energy capacity.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one user node is configured to communicate a set of user parameters, the user parameters including:

an indicator whether the user node is mobile or stationary;

a field of regard of the user node;

at least one beam wavelength which the user node is configured to receive;

a maximum sustained beam power;

an acceptable pulse repetition rate; and

a pulse duration.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein the user node is also configured to communicate, in response to a request for update, a set of user physical parameters, the user physical parameters including:

a location;

a velocity vector; and

an orientation.

6. The system of claim 5, wherein each source node of the plurality of source nodes is configured to track its power capability parameters and to assess the capability of entering a power delivery commitment based on the tracked power capability parameters.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein each source node of the plurality of source nodes is further configured to communicate a non-compliance message in response to a determination by the source node that the source node is unable to satisfy a request, or a commitment to a given user node.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein each source node of the plurality of source nodes is configured to acquire a user node, track the position of a user node, transmit power in response to a commitment to provide power to a user node, and to receive a set of feedback parameters from a user node receiving power from the source node, the set of feedback parameters including beam pointing and focusing information for a receiver of the user node.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein at least one source node of the plurality of source nodes is a mobile node that includes software to optimize the source node movement pattern based on optimizing parameters, the optimizing parameters including:

mission constraints, total power beam commitments, source node location, and weather obstacles.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein the communication system includes an infosphere for publication of user node queries to identify any source nodes of the plurality of source nodes that are available to provide the power request of the at least one user node.

11. The system of claim 1, wherein the communication system is a centralized communication system, the centralized communication system being configured to centrally control requests from user nodes, to direct the requests to at least one source node of the plurality of source nodes, and to direct the at least one source node of the plurality of source nodes to provide power in a format of the at least one user node.

12. The system of claim 1, also including:

providing at least one relay for passing service requests between the at least one user node and at least one source node of the plurality of source nodes;

wherein the relay is configured to;

receive the request for service from a user node;

compute the additional power the relay requires based on an efficiency parameter of the relay;

retransmit to the at least one source node of the plurality of source nodes a derived power beam request greater than the original user node power request;

in response to receiving at least one offer from at least one source node to provide the requested power, transmit the offer to the requesting user node;

in response to receiving an acceptance signal from the user node, communicate the acceptance of the at least one offers that the relay received from the at least one source node;

receive power from the at least one source node; and

forward at least a portion of the received power to the user node.

13. The system of claim 3, wherein the field of regard being determined with respect to axes of a vehicle on which the source node is mounted.

14. The system of claim 13, wherein the orientation is provided relative to geographic axes to allow computation of its current field of regard based on a response to a query.

15. The system of claim 4, wherein the field of regard of the user node is provided relative to the axes of the vehicle on which the user node is mounted

16. The system of claim 4, wherein the at least one user node is stationary, and the field of regard of the at least one user node is provided relative to geographic axes.

17. The system of claim 4, wherein the at least one beam wavelengths that the user node is configured to receive is provided as a range of wavelengths.

18. The system of claim 1, wherein each source node of the plurality of source nodes includes an obstacle sensor, wherein the obstacle sensor is configured to detect and quantify parameters related to obstacles that affect the transmission of power beams.

19. The system of claim 18, wherein each source node of the plurality of source nodes is provided with a deconfliction sensor, wherein the deconfliction sensor is configured to detect conflicts and potential conflicts with beam transmissions.

20. The system of claim 19, wherein each source node of the plurality of source nodes and each of the at least one user node is configured to periodically broadcast a location and a planned path to enable all source nodes or user nodes to perform deconfliction before extending or accepting an offer.

21. A user node for receiving at least one transmission of a power beam from a network of power beam source nodes comprising an airborne vehicle, the airborne vehicle configured to communicate via a communication system a set of operative parameters;

broadcast a request for power service to at least one source node of a plurality of source nodes in the network; and

communicate at least one acceptance message in response to at least one offer from one of the plurality of source node.

22. The user node of claim 21, wherein the user node is configured to communicate a set of user parameters, the user parameters including:

an indicator whether the user node is mobile or stationary;

a field of regard of the user node;

at least one beam wavelength which the user node is configured to receive;

a maximum sustained beam power;

an acceptable pulse repetition rate; and

a pulse duration.

23. The user node of claim 22, wherein the user node is also configured to communicate, in response to a request for update, a set of user node physical parameters, the user node physical parameters including:

a location;

a velocity vector; and

an orientation.

24. A method of controlling power transmission of power beams from a plurality of power beam source nodes to at least one user node, the method comprising:

providing a control system for configuring the plurality of source nodes and the at least one user nodes, and a communication system for transmitting signals between the plurality of source nodes and the at least one user node, wherein each user node is configured to communicate via the communication system a set of parameters;

broadcasting a request for power service from the at least one user node to at least one source node of the plurality of source nodes;

determining a set of operative parameters of the requesting user node in response to a need for power;

transmitting at least one offer to provide power service from at least one source node of the plurality of source nodes in response to the broadcast request for power service, wherein the offer commits the at least one source node to provide a power beam service corresponding to the set of operative parameters of the requesting user node;

communicating from the requesting user node at least one acceptance message in response to the at least one offer; and

delivering a power beam of the at least one source node in response to the at least one acceptance message.

25. The method of claim 24, further including:

communicating a set of power beam parameters from each source node of the plurality of source nodes;

the power beam parameters including;

an indicator whether the source node is a mobile or stationary node;

a field of regard the at least one source node relative to the at least one source node;

at least one power beam wavelength the source node is configured to deliver;

a maximum sustained beam power that the source node can transmit;

a maximum duty cycle;

a pulse repetition rate;

a pulse duration;

a nearest acceptable focal distance; and

a minimum angular width of the beam at infinity.

26. The method of claim 25, further including:

communicating a set of physical parameters of the source node, the set of physical parameters including;

a location of the source node;

a velocity vector of the source node;

an orientation of the source node;

a listing identifying user nodes and user node power consumption to which the communicating source node is currently providing power service;

an available energy capacity.

27. The method of claim 24, further including:

communicating a set of user node parameters, the user node parameters including;

an indicator whether the user node is mobile or stationary a field of regard of the user node;

at least one beam wavelength which the user node is configured to receive;

a maximum sustained beam power;

an acceptable pulse repetition rate

a pulse duration.

28. The method of claim 27, further including:

communicating, in response to a request for update, a set of user node physical parameters;

the user node physical parameters including;

a location;

a velocity vector; and

an orientation.

31. The method of claim 24, wherein the request for power service is broadcast to a plurality of source nodes comprising a combination of fixed and mobile source nodes.

29. The method of claim 29, wherein the user node comprises an airborne vehicle.

30. The user node of claim 29, wherein the airborne vehicle is flying in an altitude range of 20 km to 100 km.