RFID READER SYSTEM AIDED BY RF POWER OF MEASUREMENT

• US 20080048833A1
• Filed: 01/11/2007
• Published: 02/28/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 01/12/2006
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Impinj, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Impinj, Inc.
• Inventors: Oliver, Ronald
• Application Number:
  US11/622,066
• Publication Number:
  US 20080048833A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 340/10.3
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0036 arrangements specific to the receiver
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/20 using signal quality detector
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/062 Setting decision thresholds using feedforward techniques only

Abstract

Methods and circuits for using measurement based threshold(s) to detect Radio Frequency IDentification (RID) tag responses in readers are described. Tag response itself is detected based on a measurement that is compared to a measurement during a tag silent period. Beginning and/or end of tag response are also detected using multiple measurements during tag response. The initial detection threshold may be replaced with a lower second threshold once demodulation of the tag response begins.

Claims

1. A method for a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) reader system to communicate with a plurality of RFID tags, comprising:

causing a first signal to be transmitted from the RFID reader system, the first signal causing the RFID tags to be silent during a first tag silent period;

measuring an aspect of an initial reference signal received during the first tag silent period;

receiving a second signal;

comparing a power of the second signal with the detection threshold; and

performing a demodulation action on the second signal depending on the comparison.

2. The method of claim 1, in which

the aspect is one of power, voltage and current.

3. The method of claim 1, in which

the aspect is measured from a plurality of measurements.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

adjusting a data rate of a transmit circuit of the RFID system, if the measured aspect exceeds a threshold.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

commanding the RFID tags to not respond on a baseband frequency of the first signal, but on its subcarrier, if the measured aspect exceeds a threshold.

6. The method of claim 1, in which

the detection threshold is determined as a quantity expressed in one of:

dB, Watts, Volts, Amps, and a number.

7. The method of claim 1, in which

the detection threshold is set by adjusting a filter in a receive circuit of the RFID reader system.

8. The method of claim 1, in which

the first signal further causes at least one of the RFID tags to start responding within a known response window, and

the second signal is received within the known response window.

9. The method of claim 1, in which

the power of the second signal is determined from a plurality of measurements.

10. The method of claim 1, in which

the second signal power is greater than the detection threshold, and

the demodulation action includes starting demodulating the second signal.

11. The method of claim 1, in which

the second signal is stored,

the second signal power is greater than the detection threshold, and

the demodulation action includes demodulating and start accepting the stored second signal.

12. The method of claim 1, in which

the second signal power is greater than the detection threshold,

third signals are received prior to the second signal being received, the third signals having a power less than the detection threshold, and

the third signals are discarded.

13. The method of claim 1, in which

the second signal power is greater than the detection threshold,

the demodulation action includes demodulating the second signal, and further comprising:

setting the detection threshold to an updated value corresponding to receiving tag data;

receiving third signals after the second signal; and

rejecting the third signals if a power of the third signals becomes less than the detection threshold with the updated value.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising:

then resetting the detection threshold to its previous value.

15. The method of claim 1, in which

the second signal power is greater than the detection threshold,

a third signal is caused to be transmitted from the RFID system, the third signal causing the RFID tags to be silent during a second tag silent period;

an aspect of a second reference signal received during the second tag silent period is measured; and

the demodulation action includes discarding the second signal if a power of the second reference signal is greater than the detection threshold.

16. The method of claim 1, in which

the second signal power is not greater than the detection threshold, and

the demodulation action includes discarding or starting discarding the second signal, instead of demodulating and accepting it.

17. The method of claim 16, further comprising:

storing the second signal prior to discarding it.

18. The method of claim 16, further comprising:

demodulating the second signal prior to discarding it.

19. The method of claim 16, in which

third signals are received prior to the second signal being received, the third signals having a power greater than the detection threshold;

and

the third signals are demodulated and accepted.

20. The method of claim 19, in which

the third signals are portions of a response from one of the RFID tags, and

a duration of the tag response is determined based on the timing of the second signal.

21. The method of claim 20, further comprising:

measuring a power of the third signals according to a timing of the portions.

22. The method of claim 20, further comprising:

decoding the tag response;

determining an expected length of the tag response from the expected length; and

if the determined duration is inconsistent with the expected duration, discarding the tag response.

23. An article comprising a machine-readable memory containing thereon instructions which, if executed by a component of a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) reader system, cause the component to perform operations comprising:

causing a first signal to be transmitted from the RFID reader system, the first signal causing the RFID tags to be silent during a first tag silent period;

measuring an aspect of an initial reference signal received during the first tag silent period;

setting a detection threshold from the measured aspect of the initial reference signal;

receiving a second signal;

comparing a power of the second signal with the detection threshold; and

performing a demodulation action on the second signal depending on the comparison.

24. The article of claim 23, in which

the aspect is one of power, voltage and current.

25. The article of claim 23, in which

the aspect is measured from a plurality of measurements.

26. The article of claim 23, the operations further comprising:

adjusting a data rate of a transmit circuit of the RFID system, if the measured aspect exceeds a threshold.

27. The article of claim 23, the operations further comprising:

commanding the RFID tags to not respond on a baseband frequency of the first signal, but on its subcarrier, if the measured aspect exceeds a threshold.

28. The article of claim 23, in which

the detection threshold is determined as a quantity expressed in one of:

db, Watts, Volts, Amps, and a number.

29. The article of claim 23, in which

the detection threshold is set by adjusting a filter in a receive circuit of the RFID reader system.

30. The article of claim 23, in which

the first signal further causes at least one of the RFID tags to start responding within a known response window, and

the second signal is received within the known response window.

31. The article of claim 23, in which

the power of the second signal is determined from a plurality of measurements.

32. The article of claim 23, in which

the second signal power is greater than the detection threshold, and

the demodulation action includes starting demodulating the second signal.

33. The article of claim 23, in which

the second signal is stored,

the second signal power is greater than the detection threshold, and

the demodulation action includes demodulating and start accepting the stored second signal.

34. The article of claim 23, in which

the second signal power is greater than the detection threshold,

third signals are received prior to the second signal being received, the third signals having a power less than the detection threshold, and

the third signals are discarded.

35. The article of claim 23, in which

the second signal power is greater than the detection threshold,

the demodulation action includes demodulating the second signal,

and the operations further comprising:

setting the detection threshold to an updated value corresponding to receiving tag data;

receiving third signals after the second signal; and

rejecting the third signals if a power of the third signals becomes less than the detection threshold with the updated value.

36. The article of claim 35, the operations further comprising:

then resetting the detection threshold to its previous value.

37. The article of claim 23, in which

the second signal power is greater than the detection threshold,

a third signal is caused to be transmitted from the RFID system, the third signal causing the RFID tags to be silent during a second tag silent period;

an aspect of a second reference signal received during the second tag silent period is measured; and

the demodulation action includes discarding the second signal if a power of the second reference signal is greater than the detection threshold.

38. The article of claim 23, in which

the second signal power is not greater than the detection threshold, and

the demodulation action includes discarding or starting discarding the second signal, instead of demodulating and accepting it.

39. The article of claim 38, the operations further comprising:

storing the second signal prior to discarding it.

40. The article of claim 38, the operations further comprising:

demodulating the second signal prior to discarding it.

41. The article of claim 38, in which

third signals are received prior to the second signal being received, the third signals having a power greater than the detection threshold;

and

the third signals are demodulated and accepted.

42. The article of claim 41, in which

the third signals are portions of a response from one of the RFID tags, and

a duration of the tag response is determined based on the timing of the second signal.

43. The article of claim 42, the operations further comprising:

measuring a power of the third signals according to a timing of the portions.

44. The article of claim 42, the operations further comprising:

decoding the tag response;

determining an expected length of the tag response from the decoded tag response;

determining an expected duration of the tag response from the expected length; and

if the determined duration is inconsistent with the expected duration, discarding the tag response.

45. An operational processing block for a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) reader system to communicate with one or more RFID tags, the block operable to:

cause a first signal to be transmitted from the RFID reader system, the first signal causing the RFID tags to be silent during a first tag silent period;

measure an aspect of an initial reference signal received during the first tag silent period;

set a detection threshold from the measured aspect of the initial reference signal;

receive a second signal;

compare a power of the second signal with the detection threshold; and

perform a demodulation action on the second signal depending on the comparison.

46. The operational processing block of claim 45, in which

the aspect is one of power, voltage and current.

47. The operational processing block of claim 45, in which

the aspect is measured from a plurality of measurements.

48. The operational processing block of claim 45, further operable to:

adjust a data rate of a transmit circuit of the RFID system, if the measured aspect exceeds a threshold.

49. The operational processing block of claim 45, further operable to:

command the RFID tags to not respond on a baseband frequency of the first signal, but on its subcarrier, if the measured aspect exceeds a threshold.

50. The operational processing block of claim 45, in which

the detection threshold is determined as a quantity expressed in one of:

dB, Watts, Volts, Amps, and a number.

51. The operational processing block of claim 45, in which

the detection threshold is set by adjusting a filter in a receive circuit of the RFID reader system.

52. The operational processing block of claim 45, in which

the first signal further causes at least one of the RFID tags to start responding within a known response window, and

the second signal is received within the known response window.

53. The operational processing block of claim 45, in which

the power of the second signal is determined from a plurality of measurements.

54. The operational processing block of claim 45, in which

the second signal power is greater than the detection threshold, and

the demodulation action includes starting demodulating the second signal.

55. The operational processing block of claim 45, in which

the second signal is stored,

the second signal power is greater than the detection threshold, and

the demodulation action includes demodulating and start accepting the stored second signal.

56. The operational processing block of claim 45, in which

the second signal power is greater than the detection threshold,

third signals are received prior to the second signal being received, the third signals having a power less than the detection threshold, and

the third signals are discarded.

57. The operational processing block of claim 45, in which

the second signal power is greater than the detection threshold,

the demodulation action includes demodulating the second signal,

and the block is further operable to:

set the detection threshold to an updated value corresponding to receiving tag data;

receive third signals after the second signal; and

reject the third signals if a power of the third signals becomes less than the detection threshold with the updated value.

58. The operational processing block of claim 57, further operable to:

then reset the detection threshold to its previous value.

59. The operational processing block of claim 45, in which

the second signal power is greater than the detection threshold,

a third signal is caused to be transmitted from the RFID system, the third signal causing the RFID tags to be silent during a second tag silent period;

an aspect of a second reference signal received during the second tag silent period is measured; and

the demodulation action includes discarding the second signal if a power of the second reference signal is greater than the detection threshold.

60. The operational processing block of claim 45, in which

the second signal power is not greater than the detection threshold, and

the demodulation action includes discarding or starting discarding the second signal, instead of demodulating and accepting it.

61. The operational processing block of claim 60, further operable to:

store the second signal prior to discarding it.

62. The operational processing block of claim 60, further operable to:

demodulate the second signal prior to discarding it.

63. The operational processing block of claim 60, in which

third signals are received prior to the second signal being received, the third signals having a power greater than the detection threshold;

and

the third signals are demodulated and accepted.

64. The operational processing block of claim 63, in which

the third signals are portions of a response from one of the RFID tags, and

a duration of the tag response is determined based on the timing of the second signal.

65. The operational processing block of claim 64, further operable to:

measure a power of the third signals according to a timing of the portions.

66. The operational processing block of claim 64, further operable to:

decode the tag response;

determine an expected length of the tag response from the decoded tag response;

determine an expected duration of the tag response from the expected length; and

if the determined duration is inconsistent with the expected duration, discard the tag response.