Soil remediation method and composition
First Claim
Patent Images
1. A method for reducing the concentration of a contaminant in a soil, comprising:
- introducing an oxidant and a surfactant into a subsurface containing the soil;
allowing the surfactant to solubilize or desorb the contaminant; and
allowing the oxidant to oxidize the solubilized contaminant in the subsurface, so that the amount of the contaminant in the soil is substantially reduced,wherein the overall rate of oxidization of the contaminant is controlled to a predetermined value and the overall rate of solubilization of the contaminant is controlled to a predetermined value by selecting the oxidant, surfactant, and antioxidant and adjusting the concentrations of surfactants, oxidants, and antioxidants, so that the rate of oxidation of the contaminant is greater than, less than, or equal to the rate of solubilization of the contaminant.
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Abstract
A method for in-situ reduction of contaminants in soil.
134 Citations
102 Claims
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1. A method for reducing the concentration of a contaminant in a soil, comprising:
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introducing an oxidant and a surfactant into a subsurface containing the soil; allowing the surfactant to solubilize or desorb the contaminant; and allowing the oxidant to oxidize the solubilized contaminant in the subsurface, so that the amount of the contaminant in the soil is substantially reduced, wherein the overall rate of oxidization of the contaminant is controlled to a predetermined value and the overall rate of solubilization of the contaminant is controlled to a predetermined value by selecting the oxidant, surfactant, and antioxidant and adjusting the concentrations of surfactants, oxidants, and antioxidants, so that the rate of oxidation of the contaminant is greater than, less than, or equal to the rate of solubilization of the contaminant. - View Dependent Claims (2, 5, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 25, 27, 30, 31, 32, 33, 37, 38, 40, 41, 46, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 102)
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3-4. -4. (canceled)
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6-8. -8. (canceled)
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23-24. -24. (canceled)
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26. (canceled)
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28-29. -29. (canceled)
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34-36. -36. (canceled)
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39. (canceled)
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42-45. -45. (canceled)
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47. (canceled)
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55. (canceled)
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56. A composition comprising:
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soil, a non-aqueous phase contaminant, a quantity of surfactant, and an oxidant, wherein the quantity of surfactant is sufficient to solubilize the nonaqueous phase liquid contaminant, and wherein the surfactant forms a Windsor I solution or microemulsion. - View Dependent Claims (58)
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57. (canceled)
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59. A treated composition comprising soil, an oxidized contaminant, and an oxidant residue.
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60-63. -63. (canceled)
- 64. A method for reducing the concentration of a contaminant in soil, comprising locally mobilizing the contaminant and oxidizing the contaminant.
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67-68. -68. (canceled)
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69. A method for determining a subsurface contaminant remediation protocol, comprising:
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collecting a soil sample from the subsurface; identifying at least one target contaminant for concentration reduction; choosing a surfactant and optionally choosing a cosolvent for injection into the subsurface to solubilize the at least one target contaminant; choosing an oxidant and optionally choosing an activator for the oxidant for injection into the subsurface to oxidize the target contaminant; and choosing the quantity of surfactant for injection into the subsurface to form a Winsor I system or a submicellar surfactant solution or a microemulsion. - View Dependent Claims (71, 74, 75, 78, 81, 83)
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70. (canceled)
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72-73. -73. (canceled)
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76-77. -77. (canceled)
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79-80. -80. (canceled)
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82. (canceled)
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84-89. -89. (canceled)
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90. A composition comprising:
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at least one citrus terpene; and at least one nonionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of ethoxylated soybean oil, ethoxylated castor oil, ethoxylated coconut fatty acid, and amidified, ethoxylated coconut fatty acid; and water. - View Dependent Claims (91, 92)
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93. A method for reducing the initial mass of a contaminant in a volume of soil, comprising:
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introducing a volume of a solution comprising an oxidant and a volume of a solution comprising a surfactant into a substrate containing the soil, wherein at least 40% of the initial mass of contaminant is eliminated from the volume of soil and wherein no more than 5% of the combined volume of the solution comprising the oxidant and the volume of the solution comprising the surfactant is extracted from the soil. - View Dependent Claims (94, 98)
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95-97. -97. (canceled)
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99-100. -100. (canceled)
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101. A method for reducing the concentration of a contaminant in a soil, comprising:
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introducing an oxidant and a surfactant into a ground surface or above-ground formation, structure, or container containing the soil; allowing the surfactant to solubilize or desorb the contaminant; and allowing the oxidant to oxidize the solubilized contaminant, so that the amount of the contaminant in the soil is substantially reduced, wherein the overall rate of oxidization of the contaminant is controlled to a predetermined value and the overall rate of solubilization of the contaminant is controlled to a predetermined value by selecting the oxidant, surfactant, and antioxidant and adjusting the concentrations of surfactants, oxidants, and antioxidants, so that the rate of oxidation of the contaminant is greater than, less than, or equal to the rate of solubilization of the contaminant.
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Specification