HYBRID POWER GENERATION AND ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM
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Accused Products
Abstract
An integrated and hybrid energy provider and storage device system for enhancing the energy efficiency and minimizing greenhouse gas emissions particularly for systems that utilize energy in a discrete and discontinuous manner, such as plug-in hybrid vehicles is provided. The system provides automated means to generate power, distribute the preferably locally generated power to a multiplex array of energy storage devices in a dynamic manner. The system, when utilizing dynamic algorithms, preferably meets the complex demands of often conflicting energy storage device requirements and real-time demand loads in-conjunction with dynamic switching between energy storage devices to enhance the performance and effectiveness that is beneficial to both the aggregate energy efficiency and the individual owner demands of each energy storage device.
190 Citations
121 Claims
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1-61. -61. (canceled)
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62. An energy storage system, for increasing the aggregate of energy generated then stored and byproduct waste heat recovered, comprising:
- a) an energy storage system controller having a multiplexer, wherein the energy storage system controller is operatively connected to the multiplexer to selectively and individually regulate flow of energy stored and b) an energy storage system energy storage device, wherein the energy generated then stored is in fluid communication with at least one energy storage device or an array of individually controlled energy storage devices.
- View Dependent Claims (63, 64, 65)
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66. An energy storage system operable to control production, transmission and storage of energy, and to increase an aggregate of energy generated and utilization of waste heat byproduct comprising:
- a) at least one energy generator, wherein energy generator creates generated energy and waste heat byproduct;
b) at least one energy storage device, wherein the at least one energy storage device stores generated energy;
c) at least one thermal energy storage device, wherein the at least one thermal energy storage device stores the waste heat byproduct; and
d) a control system, wherein the control system is operable to vary an energy generator and created generated energy flow into the at least one energy storage device. - View Dependent Claims (67)
- a) at least one energy generator, wherein energy generator creates generated energy and waste heat byproduct;
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68. An energy storage system operable to control generation and storage of energy and to predict and control both anticipated vehicle arrival time, likelihood of vehicle arrival, and vehicle energy requirement upon arrival comprising:
- a) a control system, wherein the control system monitors at least one of anticipated arrival time, likelihood of vehicle arrival, and vehicle energy requirement upon arrival, b) an energy generator operatively connected with the control system, wherein the energy generator produces generated energy and waste heat byproduct;
c) a plurality of energy storage devices including at least one energy storage device disposed within a plug-in hybrid vehicle, d) a multiplexer operatively connected with the plurality of energy storage devices for selectively and individually actuating supply of generated energy into the plurality of energy storage devices, wherein the control system varies flow of energy into the plurality of energy storage devices to create an energy storage device charger profile, and e) a set of control system inputs including at least one of global positioning system data, historical data, and real-time performance data, wherein the inputs are operable for the controller to vary energy generated and energy stored into at least one of the plurality of energy storage devices. - View Dependent Claims (69, 70)
- a) a control system, wherein the control system monitors at least one of anticipated arrival time, likelihood of vehicle arrival, and vehicle energy requirement upon arrival, b) an energy generator operatively connected with the control system, wherein the energy generator produces generated energy and waste heat byproduct;
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71. An energy storage system operable to dynamically vary generation and storage of energy, and waste heat byproduct generation and storage comprising:
- a) a control system;
b) at least one energy storage device, wherein the control system determines an energy storage device charger profile having inputs based on at least one of energy storage device energy requirements, energy storage device earliest start time, energy storage device latest finish time, energy storage device priority code, and energy storage device revenue code, and c) at least one parameter comprising at least one of byproduct waste heat energy requirements, real-time byproduct waste heat demand including at least one user comprising at least one of absorption cooling, liquid desiccant recharging, domestic hot water, and byproduct waste heat storage capacity, wherein the control system varies generation and storage of generated energy to increase utilization of the waste heat byproduct.
- a) a control system;
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72. An energy storage system operable to communicate between an energy generator and an energy storage device comprising:
- a) a control system, wherein the control system operatively connected with and communicating between at least one energy storage device and at least one energy generator; and
b) a communications connector having integral and automated means, wherein the connector obtains at least one energy storage device parameter comprising at least one of identity information, model, owner profile, maximum energy storage rate, maximum charging temperature, minimum energy storage level, and maximum storage level. - View Dependent Claims (73, 74, 75)
- a) a control system, wherein the control system operatively connected with and communicating between at least one energy storage device and at least one energy generator; and
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76. An energy storage system operable to determine real-time energy requirements comprising:
- a) an energy generator, wherein the energy generator produces generated energy;
b) multiple energy storage devices operatively connected with the energy generator, wherein the generated energy is stored in at least one of the multiple energy storage devices;
c) an energy controller operatively connected with the multiple energy storage devices, the energy controller having automated means to determine real-time energy storage device energy requirements, wherein the energy controller is operable as a function of data including at least one data set for each energy storage device operatively associated with the energy controller wherein the at least one data set comprises at least one of historic performance data, projected energy requirements prior to subsequent energy storage charging opportunity, energy storage device owner profile for energy cost versus emissions minimization ratio. - View Dependent Claims (77, 78, 79)
- a) an energy generator, wherein the energy generator produces generated energy;
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80. An energy storage system operable to vary flow of energy, heat transfer for cooling, and recovery of waste heat byproduct comprising:
- a) an energy generator, wherein the energy generator produces generated energy;
b) at least one energy storage device, wherein the at least one energy storage device stores the generated energy;
c) a heat transfer fluid operatively associated with the energy generator, wherein the heat transfer fluid recovers waste heat byproduct from the energy generator and the at least one energy storage device to provide active cooling to the at least one energy storage device and charging the at least one energy storage device; and
d) an energy storage system controller operatively connected with the energy generator, wherein the energy storage system controller is operable to control the energy generator, regulate flow of energy generated into the at least one energy storage device and regulate flow of recovered waste heat byproduct during energy storage device charging process. - View Dependent Claims (81, 82)
- a) an energy generator, wherein the energy generator produces generated energy;
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83. An energy storage system operable to vary flow of energy for energy storage comprising:
- a) an energy generator, wherein the energy generator produces generated energy;
b) a plug-in hybrid vehicle, wherein the energy generator is onboard of the plug-in hybrid vehicle;
c) a first energy storage device, wherein the first energy storage device is onboard of the plug-in hybrid vehicle;
d) an external stationary energy storage device, wherein the external stationary energy storage device is operable to receive the generated energy;
e) a multiplexer, wherein the multiplexer operatively connected with the first energy storage device and the external stationary energy storage device, the multiplexer being operable to selectively and individually regulate flow of generated energy into at least one of the first energy storage device and the external stationary energy storage device; and
f) a controller operatively connected with the first energy storage device and the external stationary energy storage device, wherein the controller regulates the energy generator and flow of generated energy into at least one of the first energy storage device and the external stationary energy storage device. - View Dependent Claims (84, 85, 86, 87, 88)
- a) an energy generator, wherein the energy generator produces generated energy;
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89. An energy production system operable to produce expansion energy comprising at least two distinct expansion stages including a first expansion stage operable to expand where a thermal hydraulic fluid to a temperature lower than the energy production system ambient temperature and wherein the first expansion stage has a subsequent heating process to increase the thermal hydraulic fluid enthalpy;
- and a second expansion stage, wherein the second expansion stage is operable with an energy storage system coefficient of performance greater than unity.
- View Dependent Claims (90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101)
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102. An energy production system operable during off-peak energy consumption periods comprising:
- a) at least one absorbent and at least one absorbate, wherein the at least one absorbent and the at least one absorbate are a thermal hydraulic fluid;
b) at least one thermal hydraulic pump, wherein the at least one thermal hydraulic pump increases pressure of the thermal hydraulic fluid;
c) at least one non-thermal desorption device operatively associated with the at least one hydraulic pump, wherein the at least one non-thermal desorption device desorbs the at least one absorbate from the thermal hydraulic fluid; and
d) at least one absorbate storage tank, wherein the at least one absorbate storage tank stores the at least one absorbate desorbed from the thermal hydraulic fluid. - View Dependent Claims (103)
- a) at least one absorbent and at least one absorbate, wherein the at least one absorbent and the at least one absorbate are a thermal hydraulic fluid;
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104. An energy production system operable to reduce desorption energy consumption comprising:
- at least one absorbent and at least one absorbate, wherein the at least one absorbent has partial miscibility with the at least one absorbate, wherein the at least one absorbent has a critical solution temperature lower than the at lest one absorbent, and wherein the at least one absorbate is desorbed at a pressure above supercritical pressure of the at least one absorbate.
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105. An energy storage system operable to store a hydraulic fluid at a resistive force of at least about 85% of the hydraulic fluid force on the interior surface of an accumulator comprising a) at least one variable volume accumulator, wherein at least one variable volume accumulator stores the hydraulic fluid at an accumulator pressure;
- and b) a constant pressure load balancer operatively connected with the at least one variable volume accumulator, wherein the stored hydraulic fluid is subjected to resistive force of the constant pressure load balancer through an interior surface of the at least one variable volume accumulator.
- View Dependent Claims (106)
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107. An energy storage system operable to store a hydraulic fluid and to output a constant net output energy production comprising:
- a) an energy storage system controller, wherein the energy storage system controller has at least one energy parameter comprising at least one of electrical grid supply and demand, distributed energy supply and demand, and energy storage supply, and wherein the energy storage system controller regulates the hydraulic fluid mass flow rate;
b) a hydraulic pump in fluid communication with the hydraulic fluid, wherein the hydraulic pump increases the hydraulic fluid pressure;
c) a hydraulic motor operatively connected with the hydraulic pump, wherein the hydraulic motor transforms hydraulic energy of the hydraulic fluid into generated electricity;
d) an energy storage device in fluid communication with the hydraulic fluid, wherein the energy storage device stores at least part of the hydraulic fluid pumped by the hydraulic pump;
e) an electrical grid supply wherein the electrical grid supply is connected to electricity generated by the hydraulic motor operatively connected to an electricity generator; and
f) an energy demand controller, wherein the energy demand controller is connected to the energy storage system controller and wherein the energy storage system controller regulates the hydraulic motor operatively connected to an electricity generator to produce generated electricity at a constant net energy output by controlling mass flow rate of hydraulic fluid into and out of the energy storage device. - View Dependent Claims (108, 109, 110)
- a) an energy storage system controller, wherein the energy storage system controller has at least one energy parameter comprising at least one of electrical grid supply and demand, distributed energy supply and demand, and energy storage supply, and wherein the energy storage system controller regulates the hydraulic fluid mass flow rate;
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111. An energy storage system operable to increase pressure and enthalpy of a thermal hydraulic fluid comprising a) a thermal hydraulic pump in fluid communication with the thermal hydraulic fluid, wherein the thermal hydraulic pump increases pressure of the thermal hydraulic fluid;
- b) a first thermal hydraulic pressure storage system operatively connected with the thermal hydraulic fluid, wherein the thermal hydraulic fluid is stored in a first thermal hydraulic pressure storage system at a pressure P1;
c) a second thermal hydraulic pressure storage system operatively connected with the thermal hydraulic fluid, wherein the thermal hydraulic fluid is stored in the second thermal hydraulic pressure storage system at a pressure P2 and wherein pressure P1 is at least about 15% greater than pressure P2;
d) a heat exchanger in fluid communication with the thermal hydraulic fluid following the first thermal hydraulic pressure storage system; and
e) a thermal hydraulic motor operatively connected with the thermal hydraulic fluid, wherein the thermal hydraulic motor produces more energy than consumed by the thermal hydraulic pump.
- b) a first thermal hydraulic pressure storage system operatively connected with the thermal hydraulic fluid, wherein the thermal hydraulic fluid is stored in a first thermal hydraulic pressure storage system at a pressure P1;
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112. An energy production system operable to increase power generation by utilizing a thermal hydraulic fluid comprising:
- a) a combustion engine mechanically connected to a thermal hydraulic pump, wherein the thermal hydraulic pump is in fluid communication with the thermal hydraulic fluid and increases pressure having pressure P1 of the thermal hydraulic fluid to generate energy having power W1;
b) a heat exchanger in fluid communication with the thermal hydraulic fluid to transfer thermal energy into the thermal hydraulic fluid, wherein the thermal hydraulic fluid pressurized by the thermal hydraulic pump and in fluid communication with the heat exchanger operatively recovers waste heat produced by at least one of the combustion engine, exhaust of the combustion engine, and an oil cooler of the combustion engine; and
c) a thermal hydraulic motor in fluid communication with the thermal hydraulic fluid to generate energy having power W2 that is greater than power W1. - View Dependent Claims (113, 114, 115)
- a) a combustion engine mechanically connected to a thermal hydraulic pump, wherein the thermal hydraulic pump is in fluid communication with the thermal hydraulic fluid and increases pressure having pressure P1 of the thermal hydraulic fluid to generate energy having power W1;
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116. An energy storage system operable to increase stored energy of a thermal hydraulic fluid comprising:
- a) an energy storage controller, wherein the energy storage controller regulates the flow of a thermal hydraulic fluid;
b) a thermal hydraulic expansion motor operatively connected with the energy storage controller, wherein the thermal hydraulic expansion motor transforms thermal hydraulic energy into mechanical energy;
c) a first thermal hydraulic storage device operatively connected with the thermal hydraulic motor, the thermal hydraulic fluid having a stored energy KWH1, wherein the thermal hydraulic fluid is at a first temperature; and
d) a second thermal storage device operatively connected with the thermal hydraulic motor, the thermal hydraulic fluid having a stored energy KWH2, wherein the thermal hydraulic fluid is at a second temperature. - View Dependent Claims (117, 118)
- a) an energy storage controller, wherein the energy storage controller regulates the flow of a thermal hydraulic fluid;
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119. An energy production system operable to non-thermally desorb a binary thermal hydraulic fluid at a pressure greater than the binary thermal hydraulic fluid bubble point when thermally desorbing maximum pressure comprising:
- a) a non-thermal desorption method, wherein the non-thermal desorption method separates an absorbent and an absorbate from the binary thermal hydraulic fluid; and
b) a thermal hydraulic fluid motor in fluid communication with the binary thermal fluid and operatively connected to generate energy from the binary thermal hydraulic fluid, wherein the binary thermal hydraulic fluid desorption pressure is P1, wherein the maximum pressure of the binary thermal fluid bubbling point at temperature T1 is P2, and wherein P1 is greater than P2.
- a) a non-thermal desorption method, wherein the non-thermal desorption method separates an absorbent and an absorbate from the binary thermal hydraulic fluid; and
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121. An energy production system operable to fractionate a binary thermal hydraulic fluid having a component A1 and a component A2 comprising:
- a) at least two distinct expansion stages including a first expansion stage, wherein the at least two distinct expansion stages result in a thermal hydraulic fluid temperature higher than the component A1 liquid phase transition temperature;
b) a phase separation process to fractionate the binary thermal hydraulic fluid into a second stream, wherein the phase separation process results in the second stream having less than about 10% on a weight basis of component A1; and
c) a second expansion stage, wherein the second stream is operable connected to generate additional energy.
- a) at least two distinct expansion stages including a first expansion stage, wherein the at least two distinct expansion stages result in a thermal hydraulic fluid temperature higher than the component A1 liquid phase transition temperature;
Specification