NON-LINEAR ROTATION RATES OF REMOTELY DRIVEN PARTICLES AND USES THEREOF

• US 20080220411A1
• Filed: 03/06/2008
• Published: 09/11/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 03/09/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Board of Regents of the University of Michigan (University of Michigan)
• Original Assignee: Board of Regents of the University of Michigan (University of Michigan)
• Inventors: Kopelman, Raoul, Clarke, Roy, Torres-Isea, Ramon, McNaughton, Brandon H.
• Granted Patent: US 9,068,977 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 435/5
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/54313 the carrier being characterised by its particulate form
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/54326 Magnetic particles
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/569 for microorganisms, e.g. protozoa, bacteria, viruses

Abstract

The present invention relates to biological sensors. In particular, the present invention relates to the use of remotely driven nonlinear rotation of particles (e.g., magnetic particles) for detection of cells such as microorganisms (e.g., bacteria and viruses). The present invention further relates to the use of remotely driven nonlinear rotation of particles for measurement of physical properties of a solution (e.g., viscosity).

Claims

1. A method of detecting the presence of an analyte in a sample, comprising:

a) contacting a particle with said sample; and

b) measuring the non-linear rotation rate of said particle in the presence or absence of said sample.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said analyte is a microorganism.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein said particle further comprises a ligand that specifically binds to said microorganism.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein said ligand is an antibody.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein said particle is a magnetic particle.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein a change in the non-linear rotation rate of said particle in the presence of said sample is indicative of said microorganism binding to said sample.

7. The method of claim 2, wherein said microorganism is selected from the group consisting of a bacteria and a virus.

8. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of contacting said sample with a label that binds to said cell.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the rotation rate of said particle is altered when said label is bound to said cell.

10. A system, comprising

a) particles configured to bind to an analyte cell of interest;

b) a device configured for rotating said particles at a rate sufficient for said particles to undergo non-linear rotation.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein said particle are selected from the group consisting of magnetic particles, electrically polarized particles or electrets.

12. The system of claim 10, wherein said device is selected from the group consisting of a device for generating a rotating magnetic field, a device for generating a rotating electromagnetic field, and a device for generating a rotating electric field.

13. The system of claim 10, wherein said analyte is a microorganism.

14. The system of claim 10, wherein said system further comprises a substrate, wherein said particles are held in place by the said substrate, and wherein said substrate is configured to hold said particles under conditions such that said particles can rotate.

15. The system of claim 14, wherein said substrate is inside a fluidic cell.

16. The system of claim 10, wherein said substrate comprises an array of particles in microwells, and wherein the microwells are composed of a transparent material and the remainder of the substrate is composed of an opaque material.

17. The system of claim 10, wherein said system further comprises a detection device configured for the measurement of the non-linear rotation rate of said particles.

18. The system of claim 17, wherein said detection device comprises a microscope.

19. The system of claim 17, wherein said detection device comprises a diode array.

20. The system of claim 17, wherein said detection device further comprises a light source.

21. The system of claim 20, wherein said light source is selected from the group consisting of a laser, an LED, a xenon lamp, an incandescent light source, a gas discharge lamp, a fluorescent light source, an LED array, a diode-laser array, a light source for continuous illumination, a light source for pulsed source illumination, a light source for modulated illumination, a light source for white light illumination, and a light source for filtered light illumination.

22. The system of claim 17, wherein said detection device comprises a Hall sensor configured for passive measurement of the non-linear rotation rate of said particles.

23. A method, comprising

a) contacting particles with a solution comprising cells under conditions such that said particles bind to said cells;

b) measuring the non-linear rotation rate of said particles over time, wherein said non-linear rotation rate is altered in response to change in concentration of said cells in said solution over time.