Nanoshells and Discrete Polymer-Coated Nanoshells, Methods For Making and Using Same
First Claim
1. A composition comprising a nano-particle core and a nano-structure formed an outer surface of the core, where the nano-particle core comprises a first conductive material and the structure comprises a second conductive material, where the first and second conductive materials are the same or different.
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Abstract
Nano-structures are disclosed that are ideally suited for microelectronics, medical treatment, drug-delivery systems, targeted thermal absorption media, or other similar applications, where the nano-particles include metal oxide nano-particles and metallic nano-particles including a metallic nano-shell or metallic nano-rods deposited on the surface of the nano-particles or nano-shell nano-particles including metallic nano-rods deposited on the surface of the nano-particles and where the nano-structures have a plasmon resonance. For in vivo medical applications, the plasmon resonance is tuned to a tissue-transparent frequency range. Hydrogel-coated nanostructures are also disclosed, which are capable of transitioning between a non-collapsed hydrogel and a collapsed hydrogel via thermal activation induced by electromagnetic irradiation.
242 Citations
48 Claims
- 1. A composition comprising a nano-particle core and a nano-structure formed an outer surface of the core, where the nano-particle core comprises a first conductive material and the structure comprises a second conductive material, where the first and second conductive materials are the same or different.
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- 11. A nano-structure compositioncomprising anano-particle coreand aplurality of nano-rods, where the nano-particle core comprises a first material and the nano-rods comprises a first conductive material.
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36. The composition of 1, wherein the first metal and first metal alloy are selected respectively from the group consisting of non-transition metals, non-transition metal alloys, transition metals, transition metal alloys, lanthanide metals, lanthanide metal alloys, actinide metals, and actinide metal alloys.
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37. The composition of 31, wherein the first metal and first metal alloy are selected respectively from the group consisting of non-transition metals, non-transition metal alloys, transition metals, transition metal alloys, lanthanide metals, lanthanide metal alloys, actinide metals, and actinide metal alloys.
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38. The composition of 1, wherein the nano-structure has a plasmon resonance having a frequency range at least a portion of which lies in the near infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum.
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39. The composition of 31, wherein the nano-structure has a plasmon resonance having a frequency range at least a portion of which lies in the near infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum.
- 40. A nano-structure composition comprising a nano-particle core, a nano-structure formed an outer surface of the core and a bio-compatible polymer coating the structure and the core, where the nano-structure is selected from the group consisting of a nano-shell, a plurality of nano-rods and a nano-shell having a plurality of nano-rods disposed on a surface of the nano-shell, where the nano-particle core comprises a first material, the nano-shell comprises a second conductive material, and the nano-rods comprise a third conductive material, where the second and third conductive materials are the same or different.
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44. The composition of 41, wherein the first metal and first metal alloy are selected respectively from the group consisting of non-transition metals, non-transition metal alloys, transition metals, transition metal alloys, lanthanide metals, lanthanide metal alloys, actinide metals, and actinide metal alloys.
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46. A nano-structure drug-delivery composition comprising a nano-particle core, a nano-structure, a bio-compatible polymer coating and a pharmaceutically active agent impregnated into the polymer coating, where the nano-structure is selected from the group consisting of a nano-shell, a plurality of nano-rods and a nano-shell having a plurality of nano-rods disposed on a surface of the nano-shell, where the nano-particle core comprises a first material, the nano-shell comprises a second conductive material, and the nano-rods comprise a third conductive material, where the second and third conductive materials are the same or different.
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47. A nano-structure drug-delivery composition comprising a nano-particle core, a nano-structure formed on an outer surface of the core, and a pharmaceutically active agent absorbed or attached thereto, where the nano-structure is selected from the group consisting of a nano-shell, a plurality of nano-rods and a nano-shell having a plurality of nano-rods disposed on a surface of the nano-shell, where the nano-particle core comprises a first material, the nano-shell comprises a second conductive material, and the nano-rods comprise a third conductive material, where the second and third conductive materials are the same or different.
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48. A method for treating cancers or diseases comprising:
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administering a composition to an animal including a human and exposing the composition to an electromagnetic, magnetic, electrical and/or ultrasonic field so that the nano-structures convert the field into thermal energy, where the composition comprises a nano-particle core, a nano-structure formed an outer surface of the core and a bio-compatible polymer coating the structure and the core or a pharmaceutically active agent absorbed or attached thereto, where the nano-structure is selected from the group consisting of a nano-shell, a plurality of nano-rods and a nano-shell having a plurality of nano-rods disposed on a surface of the nano-shell, where the nano-particle core comprises a first material, the nano-shell comprises a second conductive material, and the nano-rods comprise a third conductive material, where the second and third conductive materials are the same or different.
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Specification