Device and method for detection and prevention of motor vehicle accidents

• US 20090009603A1
• Filed: 11/29/2007
• Published: 01/08/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 07/06/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Chol Kim
• Original Assignee: Chol Kim
• Inventors: Kim, Chol
• Granted Patent: US 8,068,135 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 348/148
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 1/00 Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 1/24 in front of the vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: G08G 1/166 for active traffic, e.g. moving vehicles, pedestrians, bikes

Abstract

A device and method for vehicle collision avoidance and mitigation employing a video camera providing a frontal view of a roadway to a video display. A plurality of generally trapezoidal windows formed in front of and rearward of an iconic vehicle are employed to ascertain objects in front of and rearward of the vehicle. Using software, a closing rate of any object is continually calculated, and warnings or evasive actions are taken if a collision is calculated. The device can differentiate between shadows and objects through a filtering method requiring pixel changes in two or more windows concurrently for an object to be determined.

Claims

1. An apparatus for vehicle collision avoidance and mitigation on a roadway comprising:

a video camera providing a frontal view of a roadway in front of said vehicle;

a video display communicating with said video camera and depicting said frontal view through illumination of pixels of said video display;

an upper horizontal edge of said frontal view on said video display;

a vertical line on said display representing a center axis extending toward said upper edge;

a first horizontal line on said display representing the front edge of said vehicle;

a second horizontal line on said display parallel to said first horizontal line and spaced a distance from said first horizontal line;

an area of said pixels between said second horizontal line and said first horizontal line defining a first window of said display;

a pair of angled lines positioned equidistant from said vertical line defining angled sides, said pair of lines intersecting ends of said second horizontal line and extending toward said upper horizontal edge angling inward toward said center axis;

a third horizontal line parallel to said second horizontal line extending between said angled sides, said third horizontal line positioned between said upper horizontal line and said second horizontal line;

an area of said pixels between said angled sides, said third horizontal line and said second horizontal line defining a second window of said display;

a fourth horizontal line parallel to said third horizontal line extending between said angled sides positioned between said upper horizontal line and said third horizontal line;

an area of said pixels between said angled sides, said third horizontal line and said second horizontal line defining a third window of said display;

a fifth horizontal line parallel to said fourth horizontal line extending between said angled sides positioned between said upper horizontal line and said fourth horizontal line;

an area of said pixels between said angled sides, said fifth horizontal line and said fourth horizontal line defining a fourth window of said display;

a fifth window having four sides surrounding an area of said pixels on said display extending a first distance along and aligned with, said center axis, from said upper edge toward said fifth horizontal line;

a sixth window having four sides surrounding an area of said pixels on said display extending a second distance from said upper edge, said sixth window being parallel to said fifth window and having a first separation distance from said center axis;

a seventh window having four sides surrounding an area of said pixels extending said second distance from said upper edge on an opposite side of said center axis from said sixth window and spaced said first separation distance from said center axis;

an eighth window having four sides surrounding an area of said pixels extending a third distance from said upper edge and spaced a second separation distance from said center axis, said second separation distance being larger than said first separation distance;

a ninth window having four sides surrounding an area of said pixels extending said third distance from said upper edge and spaced said second separation distance from said center axis;

said third horizontal line calibrated to depict a position on said roadway, said position being a known distance from said first horizontal line;

means to monitor an illumination state of each of said pixels occupying each of said respective windows and to communicate changes in said illumination state in any of said windows in a data communication to a computer;

software in said computer adapted to calculate the presence of an object in any of said windows based on said data communicating;

said software adapted to ascertain a closing rate of distance between said vehicle and said object based movement of said object on said display toward and away from said third horizontal line;

means to ascertain the difference between a shadow and a said object causing said change in said illumination of said pixels in each of said windows;

said means to ascertain the difference between a shadow and a said object provided by a filter, said filter requiring that for said illumination state of said third window to indicate a presence of a said object therein, there must also be a concurrent said illumination state of either of said sixth or seventh windows, and for said illumination state of said second window to indicate a presence of a said object therein, there must also be concurrent said illumination state of said pixels of ether of said eighth or said ninth windows, whereby said objects detected can be tracked and a potential collision with said object can be predicted using said closing rate and one or a plurality of evasive actions can be initiated by said software running on said computer.

2. The apparatus for vehicle collision avoidance and mitigation of claim 1 additionally comprising:

said software providing an adaptive cruise control maintaining a said object a fixed distance from said vehicle by controlling acceleration of said vehicle.

3. The apparatus for vehicle collision avoidance and mitigation of claim 1 additionally comprising:

said software adapted to initiate one or a plurality of actions from a group of actions including a visual alarm, an audible alarm, initiating braking of said vehicle, initiating means for collision dampening.

4. The apparatus for vehicle collision avoidance and mitigation of claim 2 additionally comprising:

said software adapted to initiate one or a plurality of actions from a group of actions including a visual alarm, an audible alarm, initiating braking of said vehicle, initiating means for collision dampening.

5. The apparatus for vehicle collision avoidance and mitigation of claim 3 wherein said means for collision dampening is one or a combination of collision dampening components from a group consisting of vehicle bumpers generating a magnetic field the same as a second magnetic field on a second vehicle, and inflating airbags portioned at vehicle bumper locations.

6. The apparatus for vehicle collision avoidance and mitigation of claim 4 wherein said means for collision dampening is one or a combination of collision dampening components from a group consisting of vehicle bumpers generating a magnetic field the same as a second magnetic field on a second vehicle, and inflating airbags portioned at vehicle bumper locations.

7. The apparatus for vehicle collision avoidance and mitigation of claim 1 additionally comprising:

said software adapted to recognize objects or lighting conditions rendered of said roadway by said pixels;

said software ascertaining the presence of raindrops and activating windshield wipers on said vehicle; and

said software ascertaining low light conditions on said roadway and activating headlights on said vehicle.

8. The apparatus for vehicle collision avoidance and mitigation of claim 2 additionally comprising:

said software adapted to recognize objects or lighting conditions rendered of said roadway by said pixels;

said software ascertaining the presence of raindrops and activating windshield wipers on said vehicle; and

said software ascertaining low light conditions on said roadway and activating headlights on said vehicle.

9. The apparatus for vehicle collision avoidance and mitigation of claim 3 additionally comprising:

said software adapted to recognize objects or lighting conditions rendered of said roadway by said pixels;

said software ascertaining the presence of raindrops and activating windshield wipers on said vehicle; and

said software ascertaining low light conditions on said roadway and activating headlights on said vehicle.

10. The apparatus for vehicle collision avoidance and mitigation of claim 5 additionally comprising:

said software adapted to recognize objects or lighting conditions rendered of said roadway by said pixels;

said software ascertaining the presence of raindrops and activating windshield wipers on said vehicle; and

said software ascertaining low light conditions on said roadway and activating headlights on said vehicle.

11. The apparatus for vehicle collision avoidance and mitigation of claim 6 additionally comprising:

said software adapted to recognize objects or lighting conditions rendered of said roadway by said pixels;

said software ascertaining the presence of raindrops and activating windshield wipers on said vehicle; and

said software ascertaining low light conditions on said roadway and activating headlights on said vehicle.

12. The apparatus for vehicle collision avoidance and mitigation of claim 1 additionally comprising:

means for monitoring said roadway rearward of said vehicle said means for monitoring said roadway having;

a second video camera communicating a rearward view of a roadway to second portion of said video display through illumination of said pixels of said video display;

a lower horizontal edge of said rearward view;

said center axis extending toward said lower horizontal edge;

a first rearward horizontal line on said display representing a rear edge of said vehicle;

a second rearward horizontal line on said display parallel to said first rearward horizontal line and spaced a distance therefrom;

an area of said pixels between said second rearward horizontal line and said first rearward horizontal line defining a first rear window of said display;

a rearward pair of angled lines positioned equidistant from said center axis defining rearward angled sides, said rearward pair of lines intersecting ends of said second rearward horizontal line and extending toward said lower horizontal edge angling inward toward said center axis;

a third rearward horizontal line parallel to said second rearward horizontal line extending between said angled sides, said third rearward horizontal line positioned between said lower horizontal edge and said second rearward horizontal line;

an area of said pixels between said rearward angled sides, said third rearward horizontal line and said second rearward horizontal line defining a second rearward window of said display;

a fourth rearward horizontal line parallel to said third rearward horizontal line extending between said rearward angled sides positioned between said lower horizontal edge and said third rearward horizontal line;

an area of said pixels between said rearward angled sides, said third rearward horizontal line and said second rearward horizontal line defining a third rearward window of said display;

a fifth rearward window having four sides surrounding an area of said pixels on said display extending a first distance along and aligned with, said center axis, from said lower edge toward said fourth rearward horizontal line;

means to monitor an illumination state of each of said pixels occupying each of said respective rearward windows and to communicate changes in said illumination state in any of said rearward windows in a rearward data communication to said computer;

said software in said computer adapted to calculate the presence of a rearward object in any of said rearward windows based on said rearward data communicating;

said software adapted to ascertain a rearward closing rate of distance between said vehicle and said rearward object based movement of said rearward object on said display toward and away from said third horizontal line; and

said software adapted to initiate rearward collision mitigation actions when a collision with said rearward object is calculated.

13. The apparatus for vehicle collision avoidance and mitigation of claim 12 additionally comprising:

said software adapted to initiate one or a plurality of actions from a group of actions for said rearward collision mitigation including a visual alarm, an audible alarm, initiating braking of said vehicle, initiating means for collision dampening; and

releasing the brakes for a short duration as said rearward object enters said first rearward window.

14. A method for vehicle collision avoidance and mitigation employing a video camera communicating a frontal view of a roadway in front of a vehicle to a video display comprising the steps of:

depicting said frontal view on said video display between an upper horizontal edge and a lower horizontal edge;

defining a vertical line on said display representing a center axis of said video display;

defining a first horizontal line on said display representing the front edge of said vehicle;

defining a second horizontal line on said display parallel to said first horizontal line and spaced a distance from said first horizontal line;

defining a first window on said display as an area of said pixels between said second horizontal line and said first horizontal line;

defining a pair of angled lines positioned equidistant from said vertical line, said pair of lines intersecting ends of said second horizontal line and extending toward said upper horizontal edge at an angle inward toward said center axis;

defining a third horizontal line parallel to said second horizontal line extending between said angled sides, wherein said third horizontal line is positioned between said upper horizontal line and said second horizontal line;

defining an area of said pixels between said angled sides, said third horizontal line and said second horizontal line as a second window of said display;

defining a fourth horizontal line parallel to said third horizontal line and extending between said angled sides positioned between said upper horizontal line and said third horizontal line;

defining an area of said pixels between said angled sides, said third horizontal line and said second horizontal line as third window of said display;

defining a fifth horizontal line parallel to said fourth horizontal line extending between said angled sides and positioned between said upper horizontal line and said fourth horizontal line;

defining an area of said pixels between said angled sides, said fifth horizontal line and said fourth horizontal line as a fourth window of said display;

defining a fifth window of said display having four sides surrounding an area of said pixels on said display and extending a first distance along said center axis from said upper edge toward said fifth horizontal line;

defining a sixth window of said display having four sides surrounding an area of said pixels on said display which extends a second distance from said upper edge, said seventh sixty being parallel to said fifth window and having a first separation distance from said center axis;

defining a seventh window of said display having four sides surrounding an area of said pixels extending said second distance from said upper edge upon an opposite side of said center axis from said sixth window and spaced said first separation distance from said center axis;

defining an eighth window of said display having four sides surrounding an area of said pixels extending a third distance from said upper edge and spaced a second separation distance from said center axis, said second separation distance being larger than said first separation distance;

defining a ninth window of said display having four sides surrounding an area of said pixels extending said third distance from said upper edge and spaced said second separation distance from said center axis;

calibrating said third horizontal line with a position on said roadway which is a known distance from said first horizontal line;

employing means to monitor an illumination state of each of said pixels occupying each of said respective windows to communicate changes in an illumination state in any of said windows and to communicate all said changes in a data communication to a computer;

employing software in said computer adapted to calculate the presence of an object in any of said windows based on said data communicating;

adapting said software to ascertain a closing rate of distance between said vehicle and a said object based movement of said object on said display toward and away from said third horizontal line;

adapting said software to ascertain the difference between a shadow and a said object which causes changes in said illumination of said pixels in each of said windows by employing rules wherein a said illumination state of said third window to indicate a presence of a said object therein must also have a concurrent said illumination state of either of said sixth or seventh windows, and where a said illumination state of said second window to indicate a presence of a said object therein, there must also have a concurrent said illumination state of said pixels of ether of said eighth or said ninth windows, whereby said objects detected can be tracked and a potential collision with any said object can be predicted using said closing rate and one or a plurality of evasive actions can be initiated by said software running on said computer.